HKDSE_Section 1_Heat

Classwork_Chapter 1_Temperature and thermometer

1. A mercury thermometer is calibrated by immersing in turn in melting ice and boiling water and
the lengths of the mercury thread are 1.2 cm and 6.9 cm respectively. If this thermometer is
placed in warm water, the mercury thread is 3.4 cm, what is the temperature of the water.
(38.6 C)

2. (a) Why is water not a good liquid to use in thermometers? State THREE reasons.
(b) Why should clinical thermometers not be sterilized in boiling water?

3. State whether each of the following statement describes a solid, liquid or gas.
(a) molecules move about at high speed:
(b) molecules vibrate but cannot change positions:
(c) molecules vibrate but can change position:
(d) force of attraction between molecules very weak:
(e) force of attraction between molecules very strong:
(f) fixed size and shape:
(g) fixed size but no fixed shape:

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 HKDSE_Section 1_Heat
Classwork_Chapter 2_Internal Energy, Heat and Transfer Processes
Name: Class/ Class no.: ( ) Date:

1. This question is about the kinetic theory.

(b) When one end of the glass rod is heated, describe what would happen to its particles and
how the temperature of the rod changes.

2. The apparatus is set up as shown in the figure.

The top part of the boiling tube is heated gently.

(b) What is the use of the wire gauze?

3. When we touch a metal rod and a wooden rod (both at room temperature), the metal rod feels
colder than the wooden rod. Briefly explain why.

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4. A piece of tea leaf is put in a beaker of water. The water is heated as shown.
Explain the motion of the tea leaf.

5. Draw the convection current in each of the following diagrams.

(b) A pot of soup heated on a stove

(c) A sea-shore on a summer night

(d) A room cooled by the air-conditioner installed near the ceiling

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6. As shown in the figures, the candle flame points upward regardless of the orientation of the
candle. Explain briefly.

7. What colour of coat is better in keeping our body warm on a winter night? Explain briefly.

8. An aeroplane can become very hot if it has been flying under direct sunlight for a long time. It
is very dangerous if the aeroplane overheats. The colour of aeroplane is usually white or silver.
Briefly explain the reason.

9. The figure shows a vacuum flask that keeps food hot or cold by reducing heat flow to or from
the surroundings.
(a) What is the function of the stainless steel wall?

(b) What is the function of the plastic stopper?

(c) What is the function of the vacuum?

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10. A greenhouse is used to grow various kinds of plants.

(a) How does energy enter the greenhouse?

(b) Why are the roof and walls made of glass?

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 HKDSE_Section 1_Heat
Classwork_Chapter 3_Temperature Change and Heat Capacity
Name: Class/ Class no.: ( ) Date:

1. An aluminium block of mass 0.5 kg has a heat capacity of 450 J oC -1. It is heated so that its
temperature rises from 20 oC to 25 oC. Find the energy transferred to it. (2250 J)

2. The specific heat capacity of copper is 400 J kg-1 oC -1. Find the heat required to raise the
temperature of 2 kg copper from 20 oC to 35 oC. (12000 J)

3. If the amount of energy given out by 3 kg of water from 80 oC is 150000 J. Find the final
temperature of the water. (68.1 oC)
(Given: specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg-1 oC -1)

4. 50 kg of water at 80 oC is mixed with 200 kg of cold water at 20 oC. Find the final temperature
of the mixture. (32 oC)

5. A copper block of mass 0.5 kg is immersed in boiling water for 10 minutes. The copper block
is then transferred to a polystyrene cup which contains 0.2 kg of water. The water temperature
is then raised from 20 oC to 35 oC, The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg-1 oC -1. Find
the specific heat capacity of copper. (387.7 J kg-1 oC -1)

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6. An iron bob of mass 0.1 kg is heated over a bunsen flame. After a long period of heating, the
bob is transferred to a polystyrene cup containing 0.4 kg of water. The temperature of the water
raises from 25 oC to 41 oC.
(s.h.c. of iron = 480 Jkg-1 oC -1, s.h.c. of water = 4200 Jkg-1 oC -1)
(a) Estimate the temperature of bunsen flame. (610 oC)
(b) Explain with TWO reasons why a polystyrene cup is used as container.
(c) Why is it impossible to measure directly the temperature of the bunsen flame with a
mercury thermometer?

7. The figure shows the experimental set-up to find specific heat capacity of a liquid X. The
heater is switched on for 330 s and is then switched off. The variation of the temperature of the
liquid X with time is shown in a graph shown below.

(a) After the heater is switched off, the temperature of the liquid continue to rise for a while
and then falls. Explain why. (3 marks)

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(b) What is the maximum increase in temperature of liquid X in this experiment? (2 marks)

(c) The initial and final readings of the joulemeter are 74050 J and 83770 J respectively. The
mass of liquid X is 0.2 kg. What is the specific heat capacity of the liquid? (4 marks)

(d) Although the plastic cup is made of poor conducting material, some energy is still lost to
the surroundings. Should the result obtained in (c) be higher or lower than the true value
of the specific heat capacity of liquid X? Briefly explained. (3 marks)

(e) If a student forgets to cover the plastic cup with a lid, would he expect the maximum
increase in temperature to be higher than, equal to, or lower than the value obtained in (b)?
Explain briefly. (3 marks)

(HKCEE 84)

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 HKDSE_Section 1_Heat
Classwork_Chapter 4_Change of State
Name: Class/ Class no.: ( ) Date:
1. o o
Find the energy required to change 4 kg of ice at -3 C to water at 65 C. (2.48106 J)
Given: Specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 Jkg-1 oC -1
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1 oC -1
Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 340000 Jkg-1

2. 0.06 kg of oil at 25 oC is mixed with 0.0075 kg of ice at 0 oC. Find the final temperature of the
mixture. (4.95 oC)
Given: Specific heat capacity of oil = 2250 Jkg-1 oC -1
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1 oC -1
Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 340000 Jkg-1

3. Temp
A

Time
Two solids A and B of the same mass are placed in a hot bath and their temperature are plotted
against time as shown in figure.
(a) Which of the solids A and B has a higher melting point?
(b) Explain why A should have a higher specific latent heat of fusion than that of B. (Assume
that the rates of heat supplied to A and B are the same).

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4. How much energy is required to change 2 kg of ice at – 5 oC to steam at 100 oC?
(6.06106 J)
Given: Specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 Jkg-1 oC -1
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1 oC -1
Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.4  105 Jkg-1
Specific latent heat of vaporisation of water = 2.26  106 Jkg-1

5. A heater is used to boil a tank of water at 20 oC. The mass of water is 0.2 kg. The temperature
of water is raised to 100 oC in 14 minutes. (9.38 min)
Find the time required to boil off 0.02 kg of water.
Given: Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 kJkg-1 oC -1
Specific latent heat of vaporisation of water = 2250 kJkg-1

6. Steam at 100 oC from a boiler is passed into a beaker containing 0.5 kg of water at 25 oC. If the
final temperature is 85 oC, find the mass of steam used. (0.0542 kg)

heating

Given: Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1 oC -1

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7.
 /oC
200

100

0
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 t /s
0.5 kg of a substance at 20 oC is heated by an electric heater which supplies heat at a rate of
500 J s-1. The temperature  of the substance is plotted against time t as shown in figure.
(a) What is the melting point and the boiling point of the substance.
(b) Find the specific heat capacity of the solid. (2000 Jkg-1 oC -1)
(c) Find the specific heat capacity of the liquid. (2727.3 Jkg-1 oC -1)
(d) Find the specific latent heat of fusion of the substance. (2105 J kg-1)
(e) Find the specific latent heat of vaporisation of the substance. (5105 J kg-1)
(f) If there is heat loss to the surroundings, will the true value of the specific latent heat of
vaporisation of substance be higher or less than that obtained in (e)? Explain briefly.

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