Gulf Asian English School, Sharjah
Biology Work Sheet Grade 7
Date: Section:
Name:
.
Prepared by Ms.Rita Venugopal
LEVEL-1
Give one word for the following.
1. The process of taking in food - Ingestion
2. Breaking down food into simple soluble form - Digestion.
3. The process of getting rid of the undigested food: Egestion
4. A digestive juice present in the mouth: Saliva
5. The finger-like projections seen on the wall of the small intestine: Villi
6. The hollow tube that connects the mouth to the stomach: Esophagus
7. The coiled portion of the digestive tract where food is absorbed: Small intestine
8. The wide tube where the water present in the food is absorbed: Large intestine
9. Tube-like sucking organs seen in mosquitoes or butterflies: Proboscis
LEVEL-2
Answer the following in one or two sentences only:
1. Write the functions of the hydrochloric acid in human stomach.
Ans.
Activates the enzyme pepsinogen into pepsin, which helps digest proteins.
Provides an acidic environment to kill harmful bacteria and pathogens.
Denatures proteins, making them easier to digest.
2. Differentiate between absorption and assimilation.
Ans.
Absorption: The process by which digested food molecules are absorbed into the
bloodstream or lymph from the intestine.
Assimilation: The process where absorbed nutrients are utilized by body cells to produce
energy, growth, and repair tissues.
3. Define peristalsis or peristaltic movement.
Ans.
Peristalsis is the rhythmic, wave-like contractions of the muscles in the walls of the
alimentary canal that help move food along the digestive tract.
4. Inside which tube does the entire process of nutrition take place?
Ans. The alimentary canal or digestive tract.
5. What do you understand by the term ‘egestion’?
Ans. Egestion is the process of expelling undigested food and waste materials from the body
through the anus.
6. Define rumination.
Ans. Rumination is the process by which certain animals (e.g., cows) regurgitate partially
digested food from their stomachs to chew it again and aid digestion.
7. Write the role of stomach in the human digestive system.
Ans.
Temporarily stores food.
Secretes gastric juice containing enzymes, HCl, and mucus for digestion.
Breaks down food mechanically by churning.
Begins protein digestion through pepsin.
Regulates the passage of partially digested food (chyme) into the small intestine.
8.List out the functions of HCl (hydrochloric acid).
Ans.
Provides an acidic environment for enzyme activity.
Activates pepsinogen to pepsin for protein digestion.
Kills harmful bacteria and pathogens.
Facilitates the absorption of specific nutrients.
Denatures proteins for easier digestion.
LEVEL-3
Application type questions:
1. After a person gall bladder removes surgically because of the problem of stones and
after that he is facing problem of indigestion of certain food item eaten in bulk. Which
kind of food item it is and why?
Ans.
The gallbladder stores bile, which is released in a concentrated form to help digest fats.
After surgery, bile flows directly from the liver to the small intestine in a less concentrated
form, making fat digestion less efficient.
Eating large amounts of fatty foods may overwhelm this system, causing indigestion,
bloating, or diarrhea.
2. Answer the following questions related to intestines:
a. Name the part of the digestive system where villi are located.
Answer: Villi are located in the small intestine.
b. What is the function of blood vessels shown in the diagram?
Answer: The blood vessels in the villi absorb nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, and
vitamins from digested food and transport them to the rest of the body.
c. How are villi adapted to their function of absorption?
Answer:
Villi increase the surface area of the small intestine, allowing more efficient
absorption of nutrients.
Each villus has a thin wall (one cell thick) to allow easy diffusion of nutrients into the
blood.
The villi contain blood vessels and lymph vessels (lacteals) to quickly transport
absorbed nutrients.
They are covered with tiny projections called microvilli, which further increase the
surface area.
3. Draw a well-labelled diagram to illustrate the process of feeding and digestion in an
Amoeba. Label the steps involved, including ingestion, formation of a food vacuole,
digestion, absorption, and egestion.
Ans.
Critical thinking:
1. The digestive juices in your stomach contain dilute hydrochloric acid which helps in
digestion of proteins. However, hydrochloric acid, as you know is a strong and
dangerous acid. Find out why it does not normally damage the stomach?
Ans. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach does not normally damage the stomach because of the
protective mucus lining that coats the inner walls of the stomach.
Explanation:
Mucus Layer: The stomach produces a thick layer of mucus that acts as a shield, preventing
the acid from coming into direct contact with the stomach tissue.
Regulated Acid Secretion: The stomach only produces hydrochloric acid when needed for
digestion, and the amount is carefully controlled.
Rapid Cell Renewal: The cells lining the stomach are replaced frequently, ensuring that any
damaged cells are quickly repaired.
ASSET TYPE QUESTIONS:
1. Read carefully the terms given below. Which of the following sets in the correct
combination of organs that do not carry out any digestive functions?
a) Oesophagus, Large intestine, Rectum
b) Buccal cavity, Oesophagus, Rectum
c) Buccal cavity, Oesophagus, Large intestine
d) Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum
2. Which of the following are functions of hydrochloric acid?
P. It activates pepsin
Q. It kills the bacteria
R. Acidification of the stomach
a. Only P
b. Only R
c. P, Q and R
d. P and
