Assorted Professional Education Notes
The Teacher
A community is not complete without the teacher. After all, the
teacher is usually the next adult influence of students after their
parents. It has been often said that teaching is not just a profession; it
is a vocation, for only people with a genuine desire to teach and
serve can do the job truthfully and successfully.
Through quality teachers, the Philippines can develop holistic
learners who are steeped in values, equipped with the 21st century
skills and able to propel the country to development and progress
- ‘’Role of teachers’’ in the Philippine Professional Standards for
Teachers (DepEd Order 42, Series of 2017)
Functions of Teachers
Teachers fulfill various roles. These are the most common functions:
1. LECTURER
a. Teaches assigned subjects
b. Provides review sessions for students
c. Applies psychology of learning principles in teaching
d. Emphasizes understanding of concepts and facts
e. Explains the lesson clearly
f. Emphasizes important points so that the students can easily
outline
g. Answers students’ questions correctly and professionally
2. Facilitator
Departing from the old belief that teachers only transmit
knowledge via lectures and discussion, the facilitator function
makes teachers a manager of learning activities and
experiences, Instead of being the sole fountain of knowledge,
the teacher accompanies students in their quest of learning
and guides them in their experiences.
The facilitator function is closely related to John Dewey’s
educational Philosophy knowns as progressivism, in which
learning happens buy doing things and through the hands- on
approach.
A. Assists/ implements curricular, co-curricular, and extra-
curricular activities of students
B. Provides opportunities for students to participate
C. Provides varied activities that will ensure understanding
D. Allows student to be creative when appropriate
E. Listens to students’ ideas and processes these
F. Makes students think and reason
3. Planner
A teacher must know how to anticipate risks and must know
how to avoid them. A teacher must be creative and must be
able to conceptualize learning activities that can be beneficial
to students. For the teacher to be able to do this, he/she must
consider who the learners are (in terms of the their needs,
abilities, and weaknesses), what the lesson is, and what
resources are available to him/her.
A. Prepares effective lesson plans
B. Combines government-mandated, school-directed, and
teacher goals/objectives in the lesson
C. Follows and enhances what is required in the curriculum
D. Considers lesson, strategy, and students when making the
lesson understandable
4. Assessor
In formal education, the assessment function is crucial in
determining whether or not a student passes of fails and thus
whether he/she proceeds to the next level or remains in the
present stage. Furthermore, a teacher’s judgement can
provide either encouragement or lack of it to learner, who
views the teacher as a credible and influential authority.
a. Assess students’ /pupils’ progress
b. Reports about students’/pupils’ progress
c. Fairly assesses learners and removes all forms of biases
5. Values Formator
As a values formator, the teacher is a role model for students
and even parents. As such, a teacher must accept that there
are limitations to his/ her actions.
Related roles to being a values formator include being a class
adviser, in which a teacher becomes concerned with the
class’s overall well-being, not just their academic standing.
A document that teachers must adhere to is the Code of Ethics
for Professional Teachers, which was developed by the
Professional Regulation Commission as an offshoot of Republic
Act 7836 or the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of
1994
A. Implements rules and regulations
B. Provides guidance services to students
C. Participates in socio-economic development projects
6. Record Keeper
A teacher must know how to keep neat, complete, organized,
and easily retrievable records. The most important records that
teachers hold are the learners’ academic records, such as their
grades.
However, not all students have academic grades that are
numerical. For instance, those students enrolled in special
education schools use anecdotal records more, in which
qualitative or paragraph-form feedback or descriptions help
characterize a learner’s progress.
Apart from keeping organized records, though, a teacher must
remember that having access to sensitive personal information,
like a learner’s address, birthday, parents’ marital status,
financial status, and academic and deportment records
requires a high level of trust. Thus, a teacher cannot reveal
these information to the public without prior authorization. Any
act to the contrary may result in a violation of the Data Privacy
Act of 2012.
A. Keeps accurate and up-to-date records of students
B. Regularly checks attendance
C. Provides both quantitative(grades) and qualitative (e.g.
anecdotal) records of the students
7. Materials Developer
A. Prepares visual aids and other devices for instruction
B. Ensures materials are durable and can be reused without
sacrificing resources.
8. Non-teaching duties
A. Help enroll/ interview students/applicants/ transferees
B. Monitors availability of materials (textbooks and modules for
students
C. Maintain membership in professional organizations
Other Philosophies of education
- Utilitarianism
States that the best action is the one that maximizes utility
which is usually defined as the which produces the greatest
well-being of the greatest number of people
- Rationalism
Stressed that reason, rather than experience, is the foundation
of certainty in knowledge
-Empiricism
Place emphasis on sense-experience as the ultimate source of
knowledge
-Hedonism
Is a school of though that argues that the pursuit of pleasure is
most important goal of human life.
Epicureanism
-Epicurus concluded that freedom from pain in the body and
from trouble in the mind’’ is the ultimate aim of a happy life.
Stoicism
- It teaches people how to be calm and brave in the face of
overwhelming anxiety and pain.
Subculture
-refers to cultural patterns that set apart some segment of
society’s population. It ca be based on age, ethnicity,
residence, sexual preference, occupation and many other
factors.
-this refers to a group of people whose behavior has features
that set it apart from the wider (dominant) culture of the
society in which it develops.
