AIR FORCE SCHOOL JODHPUR

COMPUTER SCIENCE PROJECT

FOR PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF ALL INDIA SENIOR SCHOOL

CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION CONDUCTED BY THE CENTRAL

BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

SESSION: 2024-2025

TOPIC: FOOTBALL

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

GAURAV CHOUDHARY MR.PRADEEP CHOUDHARY
Class XII-A PGT (PHYSICAL EDUCATION)
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the content of this project entitled “FOOTBALL”

has been completed by GAURAV CHOUDHARY under the guidance of
Mr.PRADEEP CHOUDHARY during academic session 2024-25. The
Investigatory Project Report has been submitted for consideration in
partial fulfillment of Project Assessment in Computer Science for All
India Senior School Certificate Examination 2024-25 conducted by
Central Board of Secondary Education.

It is further certified that the original research work was carried out by
GAURAV CHOUDHARY under my supervision in the academic session
2024-25.

Certified By:

Internal Examiner External Examiner The Principal

Mr.PRADEEP CHOUDHARY Ms.Jaspreet Kaur Makker

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank Principal Ma’am and School for providing me with
facilities required to do my Project.

I heartily thank my teacher, SIR PRADEEP CHOUDHARY for his

incomparable efforts, support and constant cooperation in completion of
my Project.

Finally I’m also grateful to my parents and friends who helped me

throughout, this project.

Thank You

Compiled By:

GAURAV CHOUDHARY

XII- A
 CONTENTS :

1. HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
2. RULES AND REGULATION
3. MEASUREMENTS OF PLAYING GROUND
4. SKILLS
5. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
6. IMPORTANT TOURNAMENTS
7. RANKING OF TEAMS
8. FAMOUS PERSONALITIES
9. TERMINOLOGIES
10. BIBLIOGRAPHY
11. HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
12. HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
13. HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
14. HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
 HISTORY OF FOOTBALL

Football (or soccer as the game is called in some parts of the

world) has a long history. Football in its current form arose in
England in themiddle of the 19th century. But alternative
versions of the game existed much earlier and are a part of the
football history.

The first known ball game which also involved kicking took
place In China in the 3rd and 2nd century BC under the name
Cuju. Cuju was played with a round ball (stitched leather
with fur or feathers inside) on an area of a square. A modified
form of this game later spread to Japan and was by the
name of kemari practiced under ceremonial forms.

It was the Roman culture that would bring football to

the British island (Britannica). It is, however, uncertain in
which degree the British people were influenced by
this variety and in which degree they had developed their own
variants
 RULES AND REGULATIONS:

Football is one of the world's most popular outdoor games. There are 17
laws that govern how the game is to be played so that it is fair to all
players taking part in a football game.

Rules for Football Players:

1. A football match has two teams playing against each other.

2. The number of players in each team should be a minimum of 7

and must not exceed 11.

3. Four categories of players are there in a football match.

Goalkeeper, defenders, midfielders, and forwards.

4. There must be one player designated as a goalkeeper in each

team. If a goalkeeper is unavailable/suspended, any position
player can become the designated goalkeeper.

5. Each team is led by a captain, whose one official responsibility

is to represent the team at the coin toss before the kick-off or
penalty kicks.

6. Winning the coin toss means your team gets to choose the initial
direction of play. The direction of both teams switches after half time
before the second half starts. The team that loses the toss does the first
kick-off and starts.

Football Match Time:

1. A football match (game) consists of two halves. The normal
duration or playing time of each half is 45 minutes plus any extra time
to compensate for player substitution stoppages or injuries during the
half.
2. A football match (game) consists of two halves. The normal
duration or playing time of each half is 45 minutes plus any extra time
to compensate for player substitution stoppages or injuries during the
half.
3. Overtime is added to a match when no winner has been
determined by the end of regular time. The overtime period is of 30
mins (2 halves of 15 mins each) duration.

Disciplinary Cards in Football:

There are two disciplinary cards in football: Red and Yellow cards.
These colors were first introduced at the 1970 Football World Cup and
are in use ever since.

1. Yellow means the player is only cautioned and given a warning

2. Red card means dismissal from the game for that particular
player

3. Two yellow cards in the same match for one player also result in
the player’s dismissal
MEASUREMENTS OF PLAYING GROUND
 SKILLS:
Getting football fundamental skills right is essential for understanding
the basic techniques required to play the game and, once those have
been taken on board, you can build and develop them.

Here are the 10 fundamental skills of football the leading football

players of the world, or at least a large number of them, have mastered
to be at the place they are today.

1. Passing Accuracy
2. Dribbling Skills
3. Shooting
4. Tackling
5. Receiving
6. Decision Making
7. Heading
8. Touch and Ball Control
9. Spatial Awareness
10. Blocking
 EQUIPMENT NEEDED:
Cleats, studs or turfs − A very important gear
for every football player. These are specially
designed shoes with spikes on the bottom that
provide great traction on grass.

Socks − The socks made for Football are very

long and they are meant to cover the shin-
guards.

Shin Guards − These are used to protect the player’s shin.

While playing football, opponent players try to injure
players by kicking in the shin area. It could be an intentional
or unintentional act by the player. Hence, shin guards are a
protective equipment.
 IMPORTANT TOURNAMENTS:

The biggest and the most famous international tournament of

Football is The World Cup which is organized by FIFA. This competion
takes place once in every four years. There are approximately 190 to
200 national teams competing to qualify in this tournament. The
final which is conducted once in every four years involves 32
teams of different nations competing one another for over 4 week’
period.

Tournament
After the World Cup, other most famous and prestigious tournaments
are the continental
championships which are organized by the confederations of these
continents. They are −
1. European Championship (UEFA)
2. The Copa America (CONMEBOL)
3. African Cup of Nations (CAF)
4. The Asian Cup (AFC)
5. The CONCACAF Gold Cup
6. The OFC Nations Cup (OFC)
 RANKING OF TEAMS:

Listed below are the top ten international football

teams as of 2023.
1. Argentina
2. France
3. Brazil
4. England
5. Belgium
6. Croatia
7. Netherlands
8. Italy
9. Portugal
10. Spain
 FAMOUS PERSONALITIES:

1.CRISTIANO RONALDO
(One of the Greatest Football Players of All Time)
Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, Portuguese
fooball player, Cristiano Ronaldo, is one of the world's highest-paid
athletes. He is a versatile attacker capable of playing on either wing as
well as through the center of the pitch. He has the distinction of being the
first
European to score 100 international goals.

2.LIONEL MESSI
(One of the Greatest Football Players of All Time)
Considered one of the best football players in the world and a prolific
goal scorer, Lionel Messi has shattered and created numerous records
in his playing career. Regarded by another football legend, Diego
Maradona, as his successor, the Argentinian superstar is also one of the
world’s highest paid athletes.
 TERMINOLOGIS:

1. Center Spot: The spot marked at the center of the field from which
the kickoff is made.
2. Corner Kick: A free kick taken from the corner of the field by an
attacker. The corner kick is awarded when the ball has passed over
the goal line after last touching a defensive player. The shot is taken
from the corner nearest to where the ball went out.
3. Defender: A player whose job is to stop the opposition attacking
players from goal scoring.
4. Direct Free Kick: A free kick in which a goal may be scored by the
player taking the free kick.
5. Dribble: Keeping control of the ball while running.
6. Dummy Run: A run by a player without the ball, to lure defenders
away from the ball carrier.
7. Foul: Any illegal play.
8. Free Kick: A kick awarded to an opposition player when an player
has committed a foul. Free kicks can be either direct or indirect.
9. Indirect Free Kick: A free kick awarded to a player from which a
goal may not be scored directly.
10. Kickoff: The kickoff is taken from the center spot at the start of play
at the beginning of each half and after a goal has been scored.
11. Man to Man Marking: A defensive system where defenders are
designated one attacking player to track continuously.
12. Midfielder: The playing position for players that are responsible
for linking play between attackers and defenders.
13. Obstruction: Causing obstruction, which is blocking an opponent
with the body, is penalized by awarding an indirect free kick to the
opposition.
14. Offside: A player is in an offside position if he is nearer to his
opponent's goal line than both the ball and the second-to-last opponent.
This does not apply if the players is on their half of the field. An indirect
free kick is awarded to the opposing team at the place where the offside
occurred.
15. Striker: An attacking player whose job is to finish attacking plays
by scoring a goal.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY:

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/football/football_equipment.htm
https://www.usfootball.com/history/organizational-structure/fifa
https://uquiz.com/quiz/LT3LMN/what-romantic-book-trope-are-you
https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/india-fifa-ranking-top-100-first-
time-in-five-years-
since-2018-indian-football-stimac-sunil-chhetri/article67022837.ece
https://www.thefamouspeople.com/football-players.php
https://www.topendsports.com/sport/football/terms.htm
https://www.footballhistory.org/