DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT
STUDIES & TECHNOLOGY
TITLE OF REPORT:
SETTING OUT
PROGRAMME:
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY (CFAP126)
DBT123 – FUNDAMENTAL OF SITE SURVEYING
CLASS:
1G (GROUP 4)
DUE DATE: WEEK 14
PREPARED FOR:
CIK NUR HUSNA BINTI OTHMAN
PREPARED BY:
NO NAME STUDENT ID
1. MUHAMMAD AIKAL BIN ABDULLAH 2023604368
2. MUHAMMAD SYAFWAN AZRI BIN 2023841786
ROHADI
3. MUHAMMAD HARITH DANIAL BIN MOHD 2023610936
RAFIE
4. SITI UMAIRAH BINTI KASMAN 2023454744
5. NUR IYLEA AMALIN BT MOHD AZRI 2023640388
6. MUHAMMAD ALIFF NAJMI BIN MOHD ALI 2023855185
SUFIAN
TABLE OF CONTENT
No Content Page Number
1.0 Acknowledgement 1
2.0 Introduction 2
3 .0 Objective 3
4.0 Site Location 4
5.0 Instrumentation 57
6.0 Methodology 8 11
7.0 Result & Analysis 12 13
8.0 Plotting 14
9.0 Conclusion 15
10.0 Individual Comment 16 21
11.0 Appendix 22 24
1.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah most gracious and the most merciful, first and foremost. We would like
to extend our deepest praise to Allah S.W.T who has given us the patient, strength,
determination and courage to implement this report. Other than that, we would like to
acknowledge and give a warmer thanks to our beloved lecturer, Miss Nur Husna Binti
Othman who guided us to make this fieldwork possible. This fieldwork is a collaborative
effort of many people.
On top of that, a big thanks to our members which Siti Umairah Binti Kasman,
Muhammad Aikal Bin Abdullah, Muhammmad Syafwan Azri Bin Rohadi, Nur Iylea Amalin
Binti Mohd Azri, Muhammmad Harith Danial Bin Mohd Rafie, Muhammad Aliff Najmi Bin
Mohd Ali Sufian. Everyone has given a great commitment for handling this fieldwork such as
reading theodolite, read bearing, collecting data, handling the equipment, adjusting
theodolite with tripod and lastly this report.
In addition, in this fieldwork we were be able to discover new knowledge by this
report such as how make the building then make the calculation and lastly go to the site.
Even, we do some mistake but we manage to settle it and manage to complete this
fieldwork. Finally, we would be remiss in not mentioning people involved directly or indirectly.
Your support has kept our motivation and spirits high during this process.
1
2.0 INTRODUCTION
Construction surveying known as lay-out or setting-out is to stake out reference points.
Setting out is the process of marking and establishing the positions, dimensions, and levels
of structures on the construction site based on the construction drawings and plans. It is the
reverse surveying. The surveying process in which the positions and levels of buildings,
roads, drainages, sewers, and all other engineering projects that are already marked on a
plan are transferred to the ground using a variety of methods and specifically manufactured
instruments. This crucial step ensures that the construction work align with the design and
meet the specified requirements.
Constructions plans and drawings provide a detailed representation of the intended
structure, including its layout, dimensions and elevations. Setting out maybe both
complicated and simple. Setting out is the process of converting a written plan to the real
ground or building site. Setting out is merely the practical implementation of a plan on the
ground.
The layout or stake or, survey consists of locating and marking (staking) horizontal and
vertical control points to guide constructions crews, and giving line and grade as needed to
establish additional control points and to reestablish disturbed stakes. A structure is laid out
to precisely define the outline of the excavation and the line of the walls, so that construction
maybe carried out exactly as planned.
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3.0 OBJECTIVE
To carry out accurate setting out.
To gain a better understanding on how setting out works.
To ensure that horizontal and vertical control requirements of setting out operations
can be met.
3
4.0 SITE LOCATION
We choose this location because it very spacious, airy and not very crowded with people.
This area also have soft soil so we can easily setup our theodolite and equipment to do
observation.
Name Role
Siti Umairah Observer
Iylea Amalin Recorder
Muhammad Aikal Observer
Muhammad Syafwan Azri Distance Measurer
Muhammad Aliff Najmi Arrow Marker
Muhammad Harith Danial Distance Measurer
Photo 4.1 Photo 4.2
The site is located nearby Faculty of Art Site view from top via google map
Architecture, Planning and Surveying
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5.0 INSTRUMENTATION
1.
NO INSTRUMENT NAME FUNCTION
1. A theodolite is a precision
instrument used in surveying
and engineering to measure
horizontal and vertical angles. It
consists of a telescope mounted
on a base, and the telescope
Theodolite can rotate horizontally and
vertically. Theodolites are
essential tools for various
applications, including land
surveying, construction, and
mapping. Theodolites have a
built-in level that ensures the
instrument is set up horizontally.
2.
A Measuring tape, commonly
Measuring Tape used in construction and
surveying, serves several
important functions tailored to
the demands of such
environments.
3. A plumb bob is a simple yet
effective tool used in
construction, carpentry, and
Plumb Bob
surveying for ensuring vertical
alignment. The primary function
of a plumb bob is to establish a
true vertical reference line,
commonly known as the plumb
line.
5
4. A tripod stand is a three-legged
support structure commonly
used to stabilize and elevate
Tripod Stand
various devices and
instruments. The primary
function of a tripod stand is to
provide a stable platform for
supporting equipment, allowing
for precise measurements,
observations, or operations.
5. Survey stakes are fundamental
tools used in land surveying and
Survey Stake construction to mark specific
points on the ground. The
primary function of survey
stakes is to serve as reference
markers, providing precise
locations for various purposes.
6. A wooden tripod stand is a
Wooden Tripod
three-legged support structure
Stand
made primarily of wood, and it
serves various functions across
different applications.
7. A surveyor arrow are usually
Surveyor used in chained surveying. Its
Arrow used to mark the boundaries
and points.
6
8. Raffia rope A raffia rope are usually use to
combine the arrow so it will
show the shape of our building.
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6.0 METHODOLOGY
1. Draw the purpose building
- Drawing the purpose building on tacheometry plan map
- Avoid drawing building lines in contact with existing buildings or objects such as
drains, pedestrians and street lights .
- For each corner of the building, a grid line can be established from the baseline
- It is must on the site
2. Calculate
- We used in setting out building using coordinates include drawing the purpose
building manual representing rectangular or polar control points of a relevant site
layout information and calculations associated with the preceding including
distance and Easting(E) and Northing(N) .
- Calculate the purpose building that we already draw using pensel, ruler and
calculator
- Every vertex of purpose building can be represent as Building Point(BP)
Photo 5.1 | Calculate the purpose building
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3. Calculation checking
Latitude / Departure
Latit / Dep, BPn = Building point – Station point
Bearing
BPn = Tan-1 (∆Departure / ∆latitude)
Distance
BPn = √ Departure2 + Latitude2
4. Reconnaissance
Identify control points to provide good accessibility for setting up the theodolite
The station is distributed based on setting out plan
Photo 5.2 | Reconnaissance the Photo 5.3 | Discuss where the
site proposed building should be
5. Theodolite Setup
Photo 5.3 | Trying to center the picket on the ground
i. Place the theodolite at the station we want
ii. Setup the tripod according to the observation height
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iii. Place theodolite at the tripod
iv. Use optical lens from the theodolite to center the picket on the ground
v. Center the vertical and horizontal axis of the theodolite
6. Observation
Photo 5.4: look at the bearing that we already calculate
- Find the bearing that we already calculate .
- Using a measurement tape, find the distance that we already calculate
- When we find the bearing and distance that we already calculate mark by using
surveyor arrow
- Find the rest bearing and distance other building point
- Use any rope that we have such as ropia rope unto tie all surveyor arrow to
reveal the shape of the building
Photo 5.5 | Tie rope Photo 5.6 | Mark BP
on all surveyor arrow using surveyor arrow
7. Setting out done
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Photo 7.1 | For memories
Photo 7.1 | Evidence for setting out
1.
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7.0 RESULT & ANALYSIS
The procedure is necessary before beginning the observation since it will allow us to
determine where the proposed buiilding should be placed within our boundaries without
being distracted. We learned how to take bearing and distance measurements before
beginning our fieldwork. To obtain an accurate result, the theodolite's bubbles must be
properly centred. We must use a measuring tape to ensure that the distance measured and
the calculated distance match. Next, we should set the bearing at station 2 and point to
each corner of the proposed building to confirm that the bearings and distances are identical
to those specified. While observing, there is a tree blocking thedolite's view towards one of
the point of the proposed building. So, we need to move that point to another place where
there are no obstacles. At the end, we managed to make the fieldwork succesfull.
Calculation of Proposed Building
1. Latitide / Departure
Latit / Dep, BPn = Building point – Station point
a. Dep, BPA = 981.4262 1000
= -18.5738
Latit, BPA = 1015.2255 1000
= 15.2255
b. Dep, BPB = 981.4262 1000
= -18.5738
Latit, BPB = 1005.4255 1000
= 5.4255
c. Dep, BPC = 977.2262 1000
= -22.7738
Latit, BPC = 1007.2255 1000
= 7.2255
d. Dep, BPD = 977.4262 1000
= -22.5738
Latit, BPD = 1015.2255 1000
= 15.2255
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2. Bearing
BPn = Tan-1 (∆Departure / ∆latitude)
a. BPA = Tan-1 (18.5738 / 15.2255)
= 50° 39’ 27”
= 360° 50° 39’ 27”
= 309° 20’ 33”
b. BPB = Tan-1 (18.5738 / 5.4255)
= 73° 43’ 00”
= 360° 73° 43’ 00”
= 286° 17’ 00”
c. BPC = Tan-1 (22.7738 / 7.2255)
= 72° 23’ 50”
= 360° 72° 23’ 50”
= 287° 36’ 10”
d. BPD = Tan-1 (22.5738 / 15.2255)
= 56° 00’ 05”
= 360° 56° 00’ 05”
= 309° 20’ 33”
3. Distance
BPn = √ Departure2 + Latitude2
a. BPn = √ -18.57382 + 15.22552
= 24.0167m
b. BPn = √ -18.57382 + 5.42552
= 19.35m
c. BPn = √ -22.77382 + 7.22552
= 23.8925m
d. BPn = √ -22.57382 + 15.22552
= 27.2285m
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8.0 PLOTTING
POINTS SCALE ON GROUND COORDINATES
X Y X Y
A -2 X 200= -1.3 x 200= 985.4262 4 1017.8255 2.6
-400cm@-4m -260cm@-2.6m = 981.4262 = 1015.2255
B -2 x 200= -6.2 x 200= 985.4262 4 1017.8255 12.4
-400cm@-4m -1240cm@-12.4m = 981.4262 = 1005.4255
C -4.1 x 200= -5.3 x 200= 985.4262 8.2 1017.8255 10.6
-820cm@-8.2m -1060cm@-10.6m = 977.2262 = 1007.2255
D -4 x 200= -1.3 x 200= 985.4262 8 1017.8255 2.6
-800cm@-8m -260cm@2.6m = 977.4262 = 1015.2255
Photo 8.1
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9.0 CONCLUSION
In this fieldwork, our group realizes that this work cannot be succeeded without collaboration
between teams. This work requires a lot of focus when doing it because a little mistake can
ruin the results. We learned how to measure land area and also learned to use new tools
that we never use before. We identify the distance and bearing from a station to another
station.
While doing the assignment we faced various difficulties to complete the data. Among
them, our view is obstructed by a tree making it difficult for us to make calculations and
measurements. Our group almost had to redo the work but after we re-researching the field
we managed to get the final result. We successfully transferred all the data needed to
determine the precise size of the proposed site location
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10.0 INDIVIDUAL COMMENTS
I. Muhammad Harith Danial
In my view, throughout this work I have learned to measure the distance between station
and proposed site location . I also learned many calculation and formula about the
setting out work.
Because we distribute the work among the members of my group as we work, we
complete the tasks quite quickly. Everyone works well together and supports one
another when they need it. The nicest part of my work with the group is when we
collaborate. I would prefer that for the upcoming fieldwork, we remain in the same group
if given the opportunity. I might not have been able to finish this report without their help.
Name Attendence Participation Commitment
Nur Iylea Amalin binti Mohd Azri 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aikal bin Abdullah 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Syafwan Azri bin Rohadi 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aliff Najmi bin Ali Sufian 10/10 10/10 10/10
Siti Umairah binti Kasman 10/10 10/10 10/10
10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Harith Danial bin Mohd
Rafie
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II. Nur Iylea Amalin
During this fieldwork, I learnt how to calculate the distance of the proposed site building from
station. This time the procedure a little bit different because we need to do calculatio first
before we go to site field. It is not same as our previous project before.
Our teamwork in the fieldwork successfully completes this project.If they are unable to
do so, we then work as a group to solve the problem.We support one another. Whatsapp
was used on their behalf by us. With them, communication is simple.Actually, we find it
somewhat challenging to manage this project the first time around, but we enjoy working on
it together. Even if it is challenging to understand, we persevere and attempt together.
Name Attendence Participation Commitment
Muhammad Harith Danial bin Mohd 10/10 10/10 10/10
Rafie
Muhammad Aikal bin Abdullah 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Syafwan Azri bin Rohadi 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aliff Najmi bin Ali Sufian 10/10 10/10 8/10
Siti Umairah binti Kasman 10/10 10/10 10/10
Nur Iylea Amalin binti Mohd Azri 10/10 10/10 10/10
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III. Siti Umairah
While attempting to fix my group survey's issue I believe that every group member puts up
their best effort by participating in discussions, offering assistance when needed, and
working together to calculate the statistics. As a backup method for discussing and resolving
issues during the deadline for submitting our report survey, we utilize WhatsApp.
We encourage the members of our group to complete their report portion throughout the
submission process. We were able to forge solid bonds with our teammates in a formal
setting. Even though it was somewhat difficult for us to communicate at first, we were able to
work things out. Even though it can be challenging for us to comprehend and apply the
knowledge, we truly enjoy writing the report, but we persevere in our efforts to learn
together.
Name Attendence Participation Commitment
Nur Iylea Amalin binti Mohd Azri 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aikal bin Abdullah 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Syafwan Azri bin Rohadi 10/10 9/10 10/10
Muhammad Aliff Najmi bin Ali Sufian 10/10 8/10 8/10
Muhammad Harith Danial bin Mohd 10/10 10/10 10/10
Rafie
Siti Umairah binti Kasman 10/10 10/10 10/10
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IV. Muhammad Syafwan
I think there are a lot of things I've learned from my fieldwork. I can apply all I've learnt in the
future. This is our final project for this subject so each person already know how to setup the
equipment. I also learned that making the proposed site area is not easy as I think. I thought
we can just determine how big the area as we like if we want to build something on it.
Our teamwork is outstanding, and I am really appreciative that I can be a part of it. They
will always assist me when I am unable to do anything. They are also incredibly
accommodating when I ask them to email me images from our fieldwork, among other
things.
Name Attendence Participation Commitment
Nur Iylea Amalin binti Mohd Azri 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aikal bin Abdullah 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Harith Danial bin Mohd 10/10 10/10 10/10
Rafie
Muhammad Aliff Najmi bin Ali Sufian 10/10 9/10 10/10
Siti Umairah binti Kasman 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Syafwan Azri bin Rohadi 10/10 10/10 10/10
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V. Muhammad Aikal
I Throughout the fieldwork, I think I've learned a lot. Everything I've learned will come in
handy later on. Althought this is our last group project we still encounter with issue when
conducting the fieldwork. After we done plotting the proposed site area we need to
determine it on our site base on the plotting. While doing this work we suppose to measure
the proposed site fromm our station. In the procces, we found that the measurements we
should marked are being off from our site. After looking for a solution, it seems that we
mistakenly turned the theodolite counterclockwise.
In conclusion, our teamwork is excellent, and I'm grateful that I get to be a part of it.
They are always willing to help when I need it to comprehend the fieldwork. Finally, but just
as importantly, they reply to my queries on fieldwork information promptly.
Name Attendence Participation Commitment
Nur Iylea Amalin binti Mohd Azri 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Harith Danial bin Mohd 10/10 10/10 1o/10
Rafie
Muhammad Syafwan Azri bin Rohadi 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aliff Najmi bin Ali Sufian 10/10 8/10 5/10
Siti Umairah binti Kasman 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aikal bin Abdullah 10/10 10/10 10/10
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VI. Muhammad Aliff Najmi
I have achieved much new knowledge through out this fieldwork. I believe that I will use this
knowledge in the future. During the fieldwork there were many problems that we need to
solve such as find the error on the calculation. In this project we need to doing the
calculation first before we go marking the proposed site building. Not as our previous project
that we need to collecting data from the field first before we can make a calculation.
In conclusion, I want to thanks to my friends that help and teach me whenever
I can’t do something that I'm not capable to do. They do help and make me
understand every single things in this fieldwork. We as a good team handles every
single problem really well.
Name Attendence Participation Commitment
Nur Iylea Amalin binti Mohd Azri 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aikal bin Abdullah 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Syafwan Azri bin Rohadi 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Harith Danial bin Mohd Rafie 10/10 9/10 10/10
Siti Umairah binti Kasman 10/10 10/10 10/10
Muhammad Aliff Najmi bin Ali Sufian 10/10 10/10 10/10
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11.0 APPENDIX
Photo 11.1 Photo 11.2
Measuring distances Observing distances
and angle
Photo 11.3 Photo 11.4
Giving direction Collecting data
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Photo 11.5 Photo 11.6
Marking proposed Connect the rope to
site building the purposed site
Photo 11.7
Our team members
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Photo 11.8
Our Proposed Site
Building
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