Vendor: Juniper

Exam Code: JN0-105

Exam Name: Junos, Associate (JNCIA-Junos)

Version: 24.021
QUESTION 1
How many login classes are assignable to a user account?

A. 3
B. 2
C. 4
D. 1

Answer: C
Explanation:
Junos OS supports multiple login classes that can be assigned to user accounts, allowing for
different levels of access and permissions. The correct answer is C, 4. These classes include
"super-user," "read-only," "operator," and "unauthorized." Each class provides a different level of
access to the Junos device, ranging from full configuration and operational command privileges to
limited access for monitoring and viewing configurations.

QUESTION 2
You are asked to view the real-time usage statistics for the busiest interfaces on a device running
Junos OS. Which command will achieve this task?

A. monitor traffic absolute-sequence

B. monitor interface traffic
C. monitor traffic
D. show interfaces extensive

Answer: B
Explanation:
To view real-time usage statistics for the busiest interfaces on a device running Junos OS, the
correct command is B, "monitor interface traffic." This command provides a dynamic, real-time view
of the traffic flowing through the interfaces, allowing administrators to quickly identify and monitor
the busiest interfaces on the device.

QUESTION 3
Which type of device uses the destination IP address to forward packets?

A. Layer 3 router.
B. Layer 2 switch.
C. Repeater.
D. Hub.

Answer: A
Explanation:
A Layer 3 router uses the destination IP address to forward packets. The correct answer is A.
Routers operate at Layer 3 of the OSI model and make forwarding decisions based on IP addresses.
They are responsible for routing packets across different networks by examining the destination IP
address contained in the packet's header.

QUESTION 4
You have just increased the MTU size of interface ge-0/0/0 and committed the configuration. Which
command would help you identify the applied MTU change?

A. monitor interface ge-0/0/0

B. monitor traffic interface ge-0/0/0
C. show interfaces ge-0/0/0 terse
D. show interfaces ge-0/0/0

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Answer: D
Explanation:
After increasing the MTU size of an interface and committing the configuration, the command to
verify the applied MTU change is D, "show interfaces ge-0/0/0." This command displays detailed
information about the interface, including the current MTU size, making it the best choice for
verifying the applied changes.

QUESTION 5
When considering routing policies, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. Routing policies are applied to interfaces as input or export filters.

B. An import routing policy for BGP determines which received prefix advertisements are
placed in the routing information base.
C. Policy terms are evaluated from top to bottom with action taken on the first match found.
D. Policy terms are evaluated from top to bottom with the most restrictive action taken of all
the matching terms.

Answer: BC
Explanation:
Routing policies in Junos OS are crucial for controlling route advertisements and path selection.
The correct answers are B and C. An import routing policy for BGP determines which received
prefix advertisements are placed in the routing information base (RIB), and policy terms are
evaluated from top to bottom, with action taken on the first match found. This sequential evaluation
allows for precise control over routing decisions.

QUESTION 6
When considering routing tables and forwarding tables, which two statements are correct? (Choose
two.)

A. The routing table is used by the RE to select the best route.

B. The forwarding table stores all routes and prefixes from all protocols.
C. The forwarding table is used by the RE to select the best route.
D. The routing table stores all routes and prefixes from all protocols.

Answer: AD
Explanation:
The routing table and forwarding table play distinct roles in a Junos OS device. The correct answers
are A and D. The routing table (A) is used by the Routing Engine (RE) to select the best route
among all the learned routes, while the routing table (D) stores all routes and prefixes learned from
all routing protocols. The forwarding table, in contrast, contains only the active routes chosen by
the RE and is used by the Packet Forwarding Engine for actual packet forwarding.

QUESTION 7
What will the request system configuration rescue save command do?

A. It saves the most recently committed configuration as the rescue configuration.

B. It saves the candidate configuration as the rescue configuration.
C. It saves a configuration version prior to the configuration most recently committed as the
rescue configuration.
D. It activates the rescue configuration.

Answer: A
Explanation:
The "request system configuration rescue save" command in Junos OS saves the most recently
committed configuration as the rescue configuration, making A the correct answer. This feature
allows administrators to set a known good configuration that can be quickly reverted to in case of

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configuration errors or issues.

QUESTION 8
An administrator configures a router's interface with an IPv4 address and subnet mask. The
administrator also confirms that this interface is in an up state. In this scenario, which two route
types are created on the local router? (Choose two.)

A. a static route
B. a local route
C. a dynamic route
D. a direct route

Answer: BD
Explanation:
When an interface on a router is configured with an IPv4 address and is in an up state, two types
of routes are automatically created in the routing table: a local route and a direct route, making B
and D the correct answers. The local route represents the interface's IP address itself, indicating
that the router can directly receive packets addressed to this IP. The direct route represents the
subnet or network segment to which the interface is connected, indicating that the router can
directly forward packets to destinations within this subnet.

QUESTION 9
What is the maximum number of rollback configuration files that the Junos OS will store?

A. 65
B. 50
C. 25
D. 19

Answer: B
Explanation:
Junos OS can store up to 50 rollback configuration files, making B the correct answer. These
rollback files allow administrators to revert to previous configurations, providing a safety net that
facilitates recovery from configuration errors or undesired changes.

QUESTION 10
You issue the telnet 10.10.10.1 source 192.168.100.1 command. Which two statements are correct
in this scenario? (Choose two.)

A. The telnet session will have a source address of 10.10.10.1.

B. The telnet session will have a destination address of 192.168.100.1.
C. The telnet session will have a destination address of 10.10.10.1.
D. The telnet session will have a source address of 192.168.100.1.

Answer: CD
Explanation:
In the given telnet command, "telnet 10.10.10.1 source 192.168.100.1", the destination address of
the telnet session is 10.10.10.1, and the source address of the session is specified as
192.168.100.1, making C and D the correct answers. This command instructs the telnet client to
use the specified source IP address when establishing the connection to the destination.

QUESTION 11
What are two attributes of the UDP protocol? (Choose two.)

A. UDP is more reliable than TCP.

B. UDP is always slower than TCP.

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C. UDP is best effort.
D. UDP is connectionless.

Answer: CD
Explanation:
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is known for being connectionless (D) and providing best-effort
delivery without the reliability mechanisms present in TCP (C). This means that UDP does not
establish a connection before sending data and does not guarantee delivery, order, or error
checking, making it faster but less reliable than TCP.

QUESTION 12
You are creating a new policy to accept and redistribute routes into your IGP. In this scenario,
which match criteria would you use to identify the route prefixes to select?

A. instance
B. route-type
C. neighbor
D. route-filter

Answer: D
Explanation:
When creating a policy to accept and redistribute routes into your IGP, "route-filter" (D) is the match
criteria used to identify specific route prefixes. Route filters enable you to specify which routes
should be accepted, rejected, or modified based on their attributes, such as prefix length or value.

QUESTION 13
Which two addresses are included in an Ethernet frame header? (Choose two.)

A. source IP address
B. source MAC address
C. destination IP address
D. destination MAC address

Answer: BD
Explanation:
An Ethernet frame header includes the source MAC address (B) and the destination MAC address
(D). These addresses are used to deliver the frame from one Ethernet device to another directly
connected Ethernet device on the same network segment. Ethernet frames do not include IP
addresses, as those are part of the IP packet encapsulated within the Ethernet frame.

QUESTION 14
You issue the monitor traffic interface ge-0/0/0 command. What will this command accomplish?

A. It displays real-time statistics for interface ge-0/0/0.

B. It displays an operational summary of ge-0/0/0.
C. It displays the MTU and MAC address for ge-0/0/0.
D. It displays a packet capture on interface ge-0/0/0.

Answer: D
Explanation:
The command "monitor traffic interface ge-0/0/0" (D) initiates a packet capture on the specified
interface, allowing you to view the actual packets being transmitted and received. This is useful for
troubleshooting and analyzing the traffic passing through the interface in real time.

QUESTION 15
Referring to the exhibit:

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......
You are unable to remotely access your Juniper device using the CLI. Which command would you
add to the existing configuration to enable remote CLI access?

A. load factory-default
B. set system root-authentication plain-text-password
C. set system services ssh
D. set system login idle-timeout 20

Answer: C
Explanation:
In Junos OS, remote access to the device's CLI is commonly facilitated through Secure Shell (SSH),
a protocol providing secure command-line access over an insecure network. The given exhibit
indicates an attempt to set a root authentication password but does not show configuration for
enabling remote access services. To enable SSH, which is not shown in the configuration snippet,
you need to configure the device to accept SSH connections. This is done by enabling the SSH
service within the system services hierarchy of the configuration. The correct command to add to
the existing configuration for enabling remote CLI access via SSH is set system services ssh. This
command activates the SSH service, allowing secure remote logins to the device.

QUESTION 16
What is the primary system log file that is present in the default configuration of a Junos device?

A. kmd
B. messages
C. vrrp
D. jsrpd

Answer: B
Explanation:
In the default configuration of a Junos device, the primary system log file is "messages" (B). This
log file contains a wide range of system messages, including operational status changes, system
errors, and other critical information, making it a key resource for troubleshooting and monitoring
the system's health.

QUESTION 17
What are two examples of exception traffic? (Choose two.)

A. transit packets
B. routing updates
C. log messages
D. ping to the local device

Answer: BC
Explanation:
Exception traffic includes traffic that is not simply forwarded by the router but requires special
handling, such as routing updates (B) and log messages (C). These types of traffic are processed
by the router's control plane rather than just being forwarded through the data plane.

QUESTION 18
You need to recover the root password on a Junos router without losing the current configuration
settings. Which three statements describe what you should perform in this scenario? (Choose
three.)

A. Enter and commit the new root password.

B. Load the factory-default configuration.

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C. Upgrade the Junos OS to the latest version.
D. Hit the space bar and enter recovery when prompted.
E. Use a console connection to reboot the device.

Answer: ADE
Explanation:
To recover the root password on a Junos router without losing the configuration, you should (A)
enter and commit the new root password once you have gained access to the system, (D) hit the
space bar to interrupt the boot process and enter recovery mode when prompted during the boot
process, and (E) use a console connection to reboot the device and access the bootloader prompt.
These steps allow you to reset the root password while preserving the existing configuration.

QUESTION 19
You configured your system authentication order using the set authentication-order tacplus radius
password command. Which statement is correct in this scenario?

A. A rejection by TACACS+ will prevent a login and bypass the other two authentication
methods.
B. The password authentication will only be used if the TACACS+ and RADIUS servers fail
to respond.
C. All authentication methods are used with the most restrictive permission set used.
D. The password authentication method is evaluated if the TACACS+ and RADIUS servers
respond with a reject message.

Answer: B
Explanation:
In the scenario where the system authentication order is set to "tacplus radius password," the
correct statement is (B). If the TACACS+ and RADIUS servers are unreachable or fail to respond,
the system will fall back to using password authentication. This ensures that users can still
authenticate using locally stored passwords if external authentication servers are unavailable.

QUESTION 20
Which three benefits occur when operating an interior gateway protocol (IGP) in an autonomous
system (AS)? (Choose three.)

A. IGPs automatically distribute static routing information.

B. IGPs determine the optimal paths for data transmission.
C. IGPs learn prefixes in the global Internet's routing table.
D. IGPs react very fast to network change.
E. IGPs learn everything about the subnets and best paths within your network.

Answer: BDE
Explanation:
Operating an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) within an Autonomous System (AS) provides several
benefits, including determining the optimal paths for data transmission (B), reacting quickly to
network changes (D), and learning all about the subnets and best paths within the network (E).
IGPs are designed to manage routing within a single AS efficiently, adapting to changes and
ensuring data is routed through the best available paths.

QUESTION 21
Which process in the Junos OS is responsible for device management tasks including the CLI and
commit operations?

A. mgd
B. chassisd
C. rpd

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D. dcd

Answer: A
Explanation:
In Junos OS, the management daemon (mgd) is responsible for handling all the device
management tasks, including processing CLI commands and handling commit operations. The
mgd daemon interacts with the Junos OS configuration database and provides the necessary logic
to ensure that configuration changes are syntactically correct and do not conflict with each other.
When a user commits a configuration, mgd validates the changes, applies them to the running
configuration, and ensures that the necessary daemons are notified of the changes to apply them
accordingly.

QUESTION 22
Which two components are included in a transport header? (Choose two.)

A. destination port number

B. source MAC address
C. source port number
D. destination MAC address

Answer: AC
Explanation:
The transport layer in the OSI model is responsible for end-to-end communication and error
recovery. In a transport header, such as TCP or UDP, the key components include the source port
number and the destination port number. These port numbers are used to identify sending and
receiving applications. The source port number indicates the port of the sending application, and
the destination port number refers to the port of the receiving application. MAC addresses, on the
other hand, are part of the data link layer (Layer 2) and would be included in an Ethernet header,
not a transport header.

QUESTION 23
Which Junos feature limits the amount of exception traffic that is sent from the PFE to the RE?

A. scheduler
B. policer
C. CoS markings
D. routing policy

Answer: B
Explanation:
In Junos OS, a policer is a feature used to limit the rate of traffic flow in the network, including
exception traffic sent from the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) to the Routing Engine (RE).
Exception traffic consists of packets that cannot be processed by the PFE alone and require
intervention by the RE, such as control packets or packets destined for the device itself. A policer
can be configured to enforce bandwidth limits and drop or mark packets that exceed specified rate
limits, thus protecting the RE from being overwhelmed by excessive exception traffic.

QUESTION 24
What information would you find using the CLI help command?

A. hyperlinks for remediation actions

B. a URL for accessing the technical documentation
C. an explanation for specific system log error messages
D. message of the day

Answer: C

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Explanation:
The CLI help command in Junos OS provides assistance and explanations for commands,
command options, and in some cases, specific system log error messages. By using the help
command followed by specific keywords or messages, users can get detailed information and
context for the commands they are using or errors they are encountering. This feature is particularly
useful for understanding the purpose of commands, their syntax, and troubleshooting error
messages that may appear in system logs.

QUESTION 25
Referring to the exhibit:
......
You are configuring a new device. Which action solves the error shown in the exhibit?

A. configuring a non-root username and password

B. configuring a password for the root account
C. loading the factory-default configuration
D. reinstalling Junos

Answer: B
Explanation:
The error message in the exhibit indicates that the root-authentication statement is missing, which
is mandatory for committing the configuration. In Junos OS, it is required to set a password for the
root account to commit any configuration changes. This is a security measure to ensure that
unauthorized users cannot access the device's configuration mode. To solve the error shown in the
exhibit, configuring a password for the root account is necessary. This can be done by using the
set system root-authentication plain-text-password command, after which the user will be prompted
to enter a new password for the root account.

QUESTION 26
Referring to the exhibit:
......
Which statement is correct?

A. The BGP path is the only active route.

B. The BGP route is preferred over the OSPF route.
C. The OSPF path is the only active route.
D. Traffic is load-balanced across two routes.

Answer: C
Explanation:
Referring to the exhibit, the presence of the "+" symbol next to the OSPF route for 192.168.100.2/32
indicates that this is the active route being used to forward traffic. The BGP route, although present,
does not have the "+" symbol, indicating it is not the active route. In Junos OS, the routing table
displays the active route with a "+" symbol, and the fact that the OSPF route has this symbol means
it is the preferred path based on the routing protocol's decision process, which takes into account
factors such as route preference (administrative distance) and metrics.

QUESTION 27
Referring to the exhibit:
......
Where are the configuration backup files stored?

A. Files are stored to the SCP site and the FTP site in a round-robin manner.
B. Files are stored to the SCP site and the FTP site simultaneously.
C. Files are stored to any site as selected by Junos internally.
D. Files are stored to the SCP site but if the transfer fails, then to the FTP site.

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Answer: B
Explanation:
In Junos OS, the archival configuration under [edit system] allows for the automatic backup of
configuration files to designated locations upon commit. When multiple archive-sites are specified,
as shown in the exhibit with both SCP and FTP sites listed, the device does not choose between
them or use them in a round-robin manner. Instead, it attempts to transfer the configuration backup
files to all specified sites simultaneously upon each commit. This ensures redundancy and
increases the likelihood that a backup will be successfully stored even if one of the transfer methods
or destinations fails.

QUESTION 28
You want to find out the chassis serial number of a Junos device. Which command would display
this information?

A. show chassis environment

B. show chassis hardware
C. show chassis routing-engine
D. show chassis location

Answer: B
Explanation:
The show chassis hardware command in Junos OS displays detailed information about the
hardware installed in the device, including the chassis itself. This command provides a list of all
hardware components, their serial numbers, part numbers, and version information. When looking
for the chassis serial number specifically, this command is the most direct and comprehensive way
to retrieve that information, as it includes the serial number of the chassis among the details
provided.

QUESTION 29
What are two benefits when implementing class of service? (Choose two.)

A. Traffic congestion will be eliminated.

B. The network will be faster.
C. Traffic congestion can be managed.
D. Latency-sensitive traffic can be prioritized.

Answer: C
Explanation:
Class of Service (CoS) in Junos OS provides tools for managing traffic congestion and ensuring
that latency-sensitive traffic is given priority over less time-critical data. By implementing CoS,
network administrators can classify traffic into different priority levels, apply scheduling policies to
ensure that high-priority traffic is transmitted first, and use congestion management techniques
such as queue buffers and drop profiles. This helps in maintaining the quality of service for critical
applications, especially during periods of high network congestion. However, CoS does not
eliminate congestion entirely nor does it inherently make the network faster; it provides a
mechanism for better managing and controlling traffic flows according to their importance and time
sensitivity.

QUESTION 30
Which two external authentication methods does Junos support for administrative access?
(Choose two.)

A. TACACS+
B. NIS
C. RADIUS

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D. ACE

Answer: AC
Explanation:
Junos OS supports several external authentication methods for administrative access, with
TACACS+ (Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System Plus) and RADIUS (Remote
Authentication Dial-In User Service) being among the most commonly used. Both TACACS+ and
RADIUS are protocols that allow network devices to communicate with a central authentication
server, enabling centralized control over user authentication and authorization. This centralization
simplifies the management of user credentials and access policies, especially in larger networks
with multiple devices.

QUESTION 31
Which two fields are you required to enter when you create a new user account? (Choose two.)

A. username
B. full name
C. user ID
D. login class

Answer: AD
Explanation:
In Junos OS, when creating a new user account, the minimum required fields are the username
and the login class. The username is the identifier for the account, while the login class specifies
the level of access or permissions the user has on the device. Login classes allow for the
differentiation between various roles, such as read-only access or full administrative rights. Other
information, such as full name or user ID, is optional and not strictly necessary for the creation of a
functional user account.

QUESTION 32
What are two advantages of using the Junos OS? (Choose two.)

A. It enables you to roll back to a previous configuration.

B. It pushes your configuration changes "live" immediately.
C. It is modular.
D. It supports up to a maximum of two previous configurations.

Answer: AC
Explanation:
One of the key advantages of Junos OS is its ability to roll back to previous configurations. This
feature allows administrators to revert to an earlier configuration state, which is invaluable for
quickly recovering from configuration errors or undesired changes. Junos OS maintains an archive
of previous configurations, enabling easy rollback to any saved state. Another significant advantage
of Junos OS is its modular design. The operating system is structured so that different processes
and services run in separate protected memory spaces, enhancing the stability and reliability of the
system. If one process fails, it does not affect the others, thereby minimizing the risk of system-
wide failures.

QUESTION 33
Referring to the exhibit:
......
Which two actions will occur when a packet matches the firewall filter? (Choose two.)

A. An ICMP destination unreachable message will be returned.

B. The packet will be forwarded.
C. The packet will be discarded.

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D. A counter will be incremented.

Answer: CD
Explanation:
Referring to the firewall filter configuration in the exhibit, when a packet matches the specified term
limit-icmp, two actions are defined in the then statement: count count-icmp and discard. The count
count-icmp action means that each time a packet matches this term, a counter named count-icmp
will be incremented, providing a tally of how many packets have matched the term. The discard
action means that the packet will be dropped and not forwarded through the device. This effectively
prevents the packet from reaching its intended destination. There is no action specified that would
cause an ICMP destination unreachable message to be returned, nor is there any action that would
allow the packet to be forwarded.

QUESTION 34
What is the protocol data unit (PDU) of the Data Link Layer?

A. segment
B. byte
C. frame
D. bit

Answer: C
Explanation:
In the OSI model, the Data Link Layer is responsible for node-to-node delivery of data. It frames
the packets received from the Network Layer and prepares them for physical transmission. The
Protocol Data Unit (PDU) for the Data Link Layer is called a "frame." Frames encapsulate the
network layer packets, adding a header and a trailer that include the hardware addresses of the
source and destination, among other things, facilitating the data link layer services like frame
synchronization, flow control, and error checking.

QUESTION 35
Which command displays all IPv6 routes in the default routing instance?

A. showroute table inet.0

B. showroute table inet6.1
C. showroute table inet.l
D. showroute table inet6.0

Answer: D
Explanation:
In Junos OS, the command to display IPv6 routes in the default routing instance is show route table
inet6.0. The routing table inet6.0 specifically holds IPv6 routes. The command show route table
inet.0 is used for IPv4 routes, and inet6.1 or inet.l (assuming inet.l is a typo for inet.1) are not
standard Junos routing tables for displaying IPv6 routes in the default routing instance.

QUESTION 36
You are configuring a firewall filter on a Juniper device. In this scenario, what are two valid
terminating actions? (Choose two.)

A. count
B. discard
C. next term
D. accept

Answer: BD
Explanation:

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In Juniper firewall filter configurations, "discard" and "accept" are two valid terminating actions for
a term within a filter. The "discard" action drops the packet, preventing it from reaching its intended
destination, while the "accept" action allows the packet to pass through the filter, proceeding to its
next hop or destination. "count" is a non-terminating action that increments a counter every time a
packet matches the term but does not inherently determine the packet's fate. "next term" directs
the evaluation to proceed to the next term in the filter for further processing, also a non-terminating
action.

QUESTION 37
Which two statements about firewall filters are correct? (Choose two.)

A. Firewall filters are stateless.

B. Firewall filters can match Layer 7 parameters.
C. Firewall filters are stateful.
D. Firewall filters can match Layer 4 parameters.

Answer: AD
Explanation:
Firewall filters in Junos OS are stateless, meaning they process each packet individually without
regard to the state of a connection or sequence of packets. These filters can match various packet
attributes, including those at Layer 4, such as TCP and UDP port numbers. This allows for granular
control over traffic based on the type of service or application. Unlike stateless filters, stateful
firewalls keep track of the state of active connections and make decisions based on the context of
the traffic flow, which is not a capability of Junos firewall filters. Additionally, Junos firewall filters
primarily operate up to Layer 4 and do not natively inspect Layer 7 parameters, which involve
application-level data.

QUESTION 38
You have configured some interfaces on a Junos device; however, you have not yet committed the
configuration. What happens if you issue the rollback 0 command in this scenario?

A. The messages.log file is deleted.

B. The factory default configuration is loaded.
C. The Junos device is rebooted.
D. The interface changes you made are discarded.

Answer: D
Explanation:
In Junos OS, issuing the rollback 0 command reverts the candidate configuration to the last
committed configuration. If you have made changes to some interfaces but have not committed
those changes, using rollback 0 will discard these uncommitted changes, reverting to the state of
the configuration at the time of the last commit. This command does not affect system files like
messages.log, reboot the device, or load the factory default configuration; it simply undoes
uncommitted changes.

QUESTION 39
Which two actions happen when multiple users issue the configure exclusive command to enter
configuration mode on a Junos device? (Choose two.)

A. Other users can enter configuration mode.

B. The candidate configuration is unlocked.
C. Other users cannot enter configuration mode.
D. The candidate configuration is locked.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

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When a user enters configuration mode using the configure exclusive command on a Junos device,
the candidate configuration is locked for that user, preventing other users from making concurrent
configuration changes. This exclusive lock ensures that only one user can make changes at a time,
preventing conflicts and potential errors from simultaneous modifications. Other users attempting
to enter configuration mode while it is locked will receive a notification that the configuration is
currently being edited by another user.

QUESTION 40
You want to redeploy a Junos device by clearing the existing configuration and resetting it to factory
defaults. In this scenario, which command would help to accomplish this task?

A. show system storage

B. request system storage cleanup
C. request system storage cleanup dry-run
D. request system zeroize media

Answer: D
Explanation:
The request system zeroize media command on a Junos device securely erases all data, including
configuration and log files, and resets the device to its factory default settings. This command is
used when redeploying a device to ensure no residual data remains from its previous deployment.
It's a comprehensive and secure way to clear all configurations and data, making the device as if it
were new. The other commands listed do not perform a full reset to factory defaults; for example,
show system storage displays storage information, and request system storage cleanup offers to
delete unnecessary files without resetting the device to factory settings.

QUESTION 41
By default, how does the PFE manage unicast traffic destined for an existing forwarding table entry?

A. It sends the traffic through multiple ports toward its destination.

B. It sends the traffic through one port toward its destination.
C. It sends the traffic through the f xpl interface to the RE.
D. It sends all traffic to the control plane for further processing.

Answer: B
Explanation:
In a Juniper Networks device, the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) processes unicast traffic by
forwarding it according to the existing entries in the forwarding table. When the PFE encounters
unicast traffic destined for an address that has a corresponding entry in the forwarding table, it
directs the traffic through a specific outgoing interface or port toward its destination. This process
is based on the most efficient path determined by the routing protocols in use, ensuring that the
packet reaches its intended destination through a singular path, unless specific configurations such
as load balancing are in place.

QUESTION 42
What are two types of transit traffic that traverse the forwarding plane of a Layer 3 router? (Choose
two.)

A. unicast traffic
B. multicast traffic
C. exception traffic
D. broadcast traffic

Answer: AB
Explanation:
Transit traffic that traverses the forwarding plane of a Layer 3 router includes both unicast and

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multicast traffic types. Unicast traffic is directed from a single source to a single destination, while
multicast traffic is sent from one source to multiple destinations that are part of a multicast group.
These types of traffic are efficiently routed through the network by leveraging the router's forwarding
plane capabilities. Exception traffic, which requires special handling by the control plane, and
broadcast traffic, which is typically limited to a single broadcast domain and not usually forwarded
by Layer 3 routers, are not considered standard types of transit traffic for the forwarding plane of a
router.

QUESTION 43
Which protocol is responsible for learning an IPv4 neighbor's MAC address?

A. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

B. Network Address Translation (NAT)
C. Media Access Control Security (MACsec)
D. Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)

Answer: A
Explanation:
The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a fundamental protocol used in IPv4 networking to map
an IP address to its corresponding MAC (Media Access Control) address. When an IPv4 device
wants to communicate with another device on the same local network, it uses ARP to find out the
MAC address associated with the target device's IP address. This ensures that IP packets can be
encapsulated into Ethernet frames and delivered to the correct hardware address on the local
network segment. ARP does not apply to IPv6, where Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) performs
a similar function.

QUESTION 44
Referring to the exhibit:
......
Which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. The policy enables equal cost load balancing in the forwarding table.
B. The policy must be applied under the protocols hierarchy.
C. The policy enables per-packet load balancing.
D. The policy enables flow-based load balancing.

Answer: AD
Explanation:
The load-balance per-flow statement in the Junos OS policy-options configuration enables flow-
based load balancing in the forwarding table. This means that the traffic is distributed across
multiple paths based on flows, where a flow is typically identified by attributes such as source and
destination IP addresses, and possibly layer 4 information like TCP/UDP ports. This allows for more
granular and efficient utilization of available paths, avoiding overloading a single path. The policy
does not enable per-packet load balancing, which would send individual packets of the same flow
over different paths, potentially causing out-of-order delivery issues. The policy's placement in the
forwarding-table export suggests it's intended to influence forwarding behavior, not just routing
protocol decisions, and does not necessarily have to be applied under the protocols hierarchy.

QUESTION 45
What information does the forwarding table require so that the device forwards traffic? (Choose
three.)

A. OSPF metric value

B. next hop IP address
C. BGP local preference value
D. outgoing interface name

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E. next hop MAC address

Answer: BDE
Explanation:
The forwarding table in a network device requires specific information to efficiently forward traffic
toward its destination. This includes the next hop IP address, which indicates the next router or
device in the path to the destination. The outgoing interface name identifies the physical or logical
interface through which the packet should be sent to reach the next hop. Lastly, the next hop MAC
address is crucial for Layer 2 forwarding decisions, allowing the device to encapsulate the IP packet
in a frame that can be understood by Ethernet or other Layer 2 protocols. OSPF metric values and
BGP local preference values are used in the routing decision process to select the best path and
populate the forwarding table but are not directly used by the forwarding table to forward traffic.

QUESTION 46
Referring to the exhibit:

Which routing configuration is required for these two users to access the remote server?

A. Users must connect directly to the router.

B. Users and the server require a default gateway.
C. Trunk ports must be enabled on the switch.
D. A routing protocol must be enabled on the router.

Answer: B
Explanation:
In a typical network configuration, users and servers require a default gateway to communicate
with devices on different networks or subnets. The default gateway is usually the router's interface
on the same network, which routes the traffic to other networks. This is essential for the two users
to access the remote server if the server is on a different subnet, which is indicated by the different
network addresses.

QUESTION 47
Which process in the Junos OS is responsible for maintaining routing protocols and tables?

A. mgd
B. chassisd
C. rpd
D. dcd

Answer: C

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Explanation:
The Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) in Junos OS is responsible for maintaining routing protocols
and tables. It handles all routing information, including the calculation of routes and the population
of the routing table, making it crucial for dynamic routing operations.

QUESTION 48
Which Junos OS component is responsible for maintaining the forwarding table?

A. Routing Engine
B. chassis control daemon
C. Packet Forwarding Engine
D. management daemon

Answer: C
Explanation:
The Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) in Junos OS is responsible for maintaining the forwarding
table. The PFE processes incoming packets, performs route lookups in the forwarding table, and
forwards packets based on this information, offloading these tasks from the Routing Engine to
ensure efficient packet forwarding.

QUESTION 49
Which two common routing policy actions affect the flow of policy evaluation? (Choose two.)

A. next policy
B. community
C. next term
D. next hop

Answer: AC
Explanation:
In Junos OS routing policy evaluation, "next policy" (A) and "next term" (C) are common actions
that affect the flow of policy evaluation. "Next policy" directs the evaluation to the next policy in the
sequence, whereas "next term" moves the evaluation to the next term within the current policy,
allowing for granular control over routing decisions.

QUESTION 50
Which criteria does the Junos OS use to select an active route when two entries exist in the routing
table?

A. the route with the lowest preference number

B. the most recently learned dynamic route
C. the route with the highest preference number
D. the route with the highest metric

Answer: A
Explanation:
In Junos OS, when two entries for the same destination exist in the routing table, the route with the
lowest preference number is selected as the active route. This preference number, also known as
the route preference or administrative distance, is used to prioritize routes received from different
routing protocols.

QUESTION 51
How many rescue configuration files are supported on a Junos device?

A. 50
B. 3

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C. 1
D. 49

Answer: C
Explanation:
Junos OS supports only 1 rescue configuration file on a device. This rescue configuration is a
safeguard feature that allows network administrators to revert to a known good configuration in
case of a configuration error or issue, ensuring network stability.

QUESTION 52
Which two functions are performed by the PFE? (Choose two.)

A. It implements firewall filters.

B. It selects active routes.
C. It forwards transit traffic.
D. It maintains the routing table.

Answer: AC
Explanation:
The Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) in Junos OS performs several key functions, including
implementing firewall filters (A) and forwarding transit traffic (C). The PFE applies firewall filter rules
to incoming and outgoing traffic and is responsible for the high-speed forwarding of packets based
on the information in the forwarding table.

QUESTION 53
What are two physical interface properties? (Choose two.)

A. MAC address
B. IP address
C. routing protocols
D. MTU

Answer: AD
Explanation:
Two physical interface properties in Junos OS include the MAC address (A) and the Maximum
Transmission Unit (MTU) size (D). The MAC address is a hardware identifier for the network
interface, while the MTU size determines the largest packet size that the interface can transmit
without needing to fragment the packet.

QUESTION 54
Referring to the exhibit:
......
Which route(s) will be selected by Junos for packet forwarding?

A. The OSPF route will be selected.

B. The static route will be selected.
C. The Junos OS randomly selects one route.
D. The Junos OS selects both routes.

Answer: B
Explanation:
Junos OS selects routes based on the route preference (also known as administrative distance).
Static routes typically have a lower route preference than OSPF routes, meaning they are more
preferred. Since the static route to 192.168.36.1/32 is shown with a preference of 5, it will be
selected over the OSPF route for packet forwarding, assuming no other factors such as route filters
or policies affect the routing decision.

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QUESTION 55
Which service does RADIUS provide?

A. routing
B. authentication
C. DNS resolution
D. time synchronization

Answer: B
Explanation:
RADIUS, which stands for Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service, provides authentication
services for users trying to access a network. It is a networking protocol that provides centralized
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) management for users who connect and use
a network service.

QUESTION 56
What are two methods for navigating to configuration mode from an operational mode prompt?
(Choose two.)

A. Use the edit command.

B. Use the quit command.
C. Use the exit command.
D. Use the configure command.

Answer: AD
Explanation:
In Junos OS, to navigate from operational mode to configuration mode, you can use either the edit
or configure command. Both commands move the CLI from operational mode, where you can view
the state of the device, to configuration mode, where you can make changes to the device's
configuration.

QUESTION 57
You are trying to diagnose packet loss at interface ge-0/0/3. In this scenario, which command would
help you view error statistics in real time?

A. show interface terse

B. show interface ge-0/0/3
C. monitor interface traffic
D. monitor interface ge-0/0/3

Answer: D
Explanation:
The monitor interface ge-0/0/3 command is used in Junos OS to view real-time statistics for a
specific interface. This command helps in diagnosing issues like packet loss by displaying real-time
updates of traffic and error statistics for the specified interface.

QUESTION 58
Referring to the exhibit:
......
You need to configure interface ge-0/1/2 with an IP address of 172.16.100.1/24. You have
accidentally entered 172.16.101.1/24 as shown in the exhibit. Which command should you issue
to solve the problem?

A. [edit] user@router# rollback 1

B. [edit] user@router# rollback 2

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C. [edit] user@router# rollback 0
D. [edit] user@router# rollback rescue

Answer: A
Explanation:
If you've committed a configuration and then need to revert to the previous configuration, the
rollback command is used. Since the incorrect IP address has not been committed, as indicated by
the commit check command being successful, issuing rollback 1 will undo the changes made in the
current session, which includes the accidental entry of the IP address.

QUESTION 59
What is a benefit of using J-Web?

A. It simultaneously manages multiple devices.

B. It provides a customizable dashboard.
C. It provides more advanced features than the CLI.
D. It provides console-based management.

Answer: B
Explanation:
If you've committed a configuration and then need to revert to the previous configuration, the
rollback command is used. Since the incorrect IP address has not been committed, as indicated by
the commit check command being successful, issuing rollback 1 will undo the changes made in the
current session, which includes the accidental entry of the IP address.

QUESTION 60
You have logged on to a Junos device and are at the operational mode prompt. Which two
commands are used at this prompt? (Choose two.)

A. show interface ge-0/0/0

B. request system shutdown
C. set interface ge-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet
D. run show interface terse

Answer: AB
Explanation:
At the operational mode prompt on a Junos device, you can use various commands to view the
device's status and request system operations. The show interface ge-0/0/0 command is used to
display information about a specific interface, while the request system shutdown command is used
to properly shut down the device. The set command is used in configuration mode, not operational
mode, and the run command is used to execute operational mode commands from configuration
mode.

QUESTION 61
Which two statements are true about the Junos OS? (Choose two.)

A. Routing tables are stored in the control plane.

B. Exception traffic is never sent to the control plane.
C. Exception traffic is sent to the control plane.
D. Routing tables are stored in the forwarding plane.

Answer: AC
Explanation:
- In Junos OS, as with many network operating systems, the control plane is responsible for
processes that determine how to route traffic. This includes maintaining routing tables, which store
information about network paths and protocols. Therefore, routing tables are indeed stored in the

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control plane. Exception traffic refers to packets that cannot be processed by the normal fast-path
processing of the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) in the forwarding plane, and thus are sent to
the control plane for further processing. This might include packets destined for the router itself,
packets that need to be fragmented, or packets that match certain firewall filter criteria, among
other reasons.
- Routing tables are not stored in the forwarding plane. However, the forwarding plane contains the
forwarding table (sometimes referred to as the forwarding information base or FIB), which is a
distilled version of the routing table optimized for fast packet forwarding. The forwarding plane uses
this information to perform the actual transfer of packets across the network device interfaces.

QUESTION 62
What are two functions of the Routing Engine? (Choose two.)

A. It processes all management traffic.

B. It runs the Junos operating system.
C. It evaluates firewall filters for transit traffic.
D. It processes transit traffic.

Answer: AB
Explanation:
The Routing Engine (RE) in Junos OS has several critical functions, including processing all
management traffic (A) and running the Junos operating system (B). The RE handles system
management tasks, user interfaces, system services, and routing protocol processes. It does not
directly process transit traffic or evaluate firewall filters for transit traffic, as these tasks are handled
by the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE).

QUESTION 63
You are asked to convert the number 7 from decimal to binary. Which number is correct in this
scenario?

A. 00001000
B. 00010000
C. 00000111
D. 11100000

Answer: C
Explanation:
To convert the decimal number 7 to binary, the correct representation is 00000111 (C). In binary,
7 is represented as 1+2+4 (2^0 + 2^1 + 2^2), which corresponds to the last three digits being 1 in
the binary format, with leading zeros added for clarity.

QUESTION 64
Which statement is correct when multiple users are configuring a Junos device using the configure
private command?

A. A commit by any user will commit changes made by all active users.
B. A commit will not succeed until there is only a single user in configuration mode.
C. Each user gets their own candidate configuration.
D. Each user shares the same candidate configuration.

Answer: C
Explanation:
When multiple users are configuring a Junos device using the "configure private" command, each
user gets their own candidate configuration (C). This allows for isolated configuration sessions,
where changes made by one user do not impact or interfere with the changes made by another
user in their private session.

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QUESTION 65
You are logged in to a Junos OS device with SSH and issued the show protocols | compare
command in the configuration, but no output is shown. Which statement is correct in this scenario?

A. The command only works for interface configuration differences.

B. There are no changes to the candidate configuration.
C. Someone accidentally deleted the active configuration.
D. You must commit the configuration before any output will be shown.

Answer: B
Explanation:
If issuing the "show | compare" command in configuration mode yields no output, it indicates that
there are no changes to the candidate configuration (B). This command is used to compare the
current candidate configuration with the active configuration, and a lack of output suggests that the
candidate configuration matches the active one, meaning no changes have been made or the
changes have already been committed.

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