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INTERNATIONAL AS
CHEMISTRY (9620)
Unit 1: Inorganic 1 and Physical 1

Wednesday 8 May 2024 07:00 GMT Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes

Materials
For this paper you must have: For Examiner’s Use
• the Periodic Table/Data Sheet, provided as an insert Question Mark
• a ruler with millimetre measurements
1
• a scientific calculator, which you are expected to use where appropriate.
2
Instructions 3
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen. 4
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
• Answer all questions. 5
• You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write 6
outside the box around each page or on blank pages.
TOTAL
• If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of
this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).
• All working must be shown.
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
to be marked.

Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 70.

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Answer all questions in the spaces provided. box

0 1 This question is about zinc.

0 1 . 1 Complete the electron configuration for an atom of zinc.

[1 mark]
2
1s

0 1 . 2 State the number of full 3d orbitals in an ion of Zn

2+

[1 mark]

0 1 . 3 An atom of a different element has two more protons and three more neutrons than
65
an atom of Zn

Give the symbol and the mass number of this atom.

[2 marks]

0 1 . 4 State why zinc is a good conductor of electricity.

[1 mark]

64 66 68
A sample of zinc contains three isotopes, Zn, Zn and Zn

0 1 . 5 Explain why these isotopes have the same chemical reactions.

[1 mark]

Question 1 continues on the next page

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0 1 . 6 The sample is ionised by electron impact and then analysed using time of flight box

(TOF) mass spectrometry.

–16
The ions are accelerated to a kinetic energy (KE) of 1.25 × 10 J
They travel down a 0.650 m flight tube.

1
KE = mv 2
2

m = mass / kg
–1
v = velocity / ms
64 +
Calculate the mass, in kg, of a Zn ion.
64 +
Calculate the time, in s, for a Zn ion to travel through the flight tube.
23 –1
The Avogadro constant, L = 6.022 × 10 mol
[4 marks]

64 +
Mass of a Zn ion kg

Time to travel through the flight tube s

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0 1 . 7 Table 1 shows the data from the mass spectrum of the sample of zinc. box

Table 1

m
Relative intensity
z

64 2.8

66 1.6

68 1.0

Calculate the relative atomic mass (Ar) of zinc.

Give your answer to 1 decimal place.
[2 marks]

Ar 12

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0 2 Sodium hydrogencarbonate reacts with sulfuric acid. box

2 NaHCO3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l) + 2 CO2(g)

A student analyses some impure sodium hydrogencarbonate in a titration experiment.

The impurity is unreactive.

Step 1 The student weighs a 2.21 g sample of impure

sodium hydrogencarbonate and dissolves the solid in distilled water
in a beaker.
3
Step 2 The student transfers the solution, with washings, to a 100 cm
volumetric flask and makes up to the mark with distilled water.
3
Step 3 The student transfers 25.0 cm of the solution into a conical flask
using a pipette.

Step 4 The student adds a few drops of an indicator to the conical flask and
–3
adds 0.100 mol dm sulfuric acid from a burette until the indicator
changes colour.

Step 5 The student repeats Steps 3 and 4 twice.

Table 2 shows the results of the titrations.

Table 2

1 2 3
3
Final volume / cm 35.40 40.25 37.65
3
Initial volume / cm 3.00 8.00 5.45
3
Titre / cm 32.40 32.25 32.20

0 2 . 1 Use suitable values from Table 2 to calculate the mean titre.

[1 mark]

3
Mean titre cm

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0 2 . 2 Use your answer to Question 02.1 to calculate the percentage, by mass, of box

sodium hydrogencarbonate in the sample.

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
[5 marks]

0 2 . 3 Describe a method to determine the accurately known mass of solid added to the
beaker in Step 1.
[2 marks]

0 2 . 4 State why the student used a conical flask rather than a beaker for the titration
in Step 4.
[1 mark]

Question 2 continues on the next page

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0 2 . 5 Sodium sulfate is a solid with a high melting point. box

Explain why the melting point of sodium sulfate is high.

[2 marks]

0 2 . 6 At high temperatures sodium sulfate reacts with carbon to form sodium sulfide
and carbon dioxide.

Na2SO4(s) + 2 C(s) → Na2S(s) + 2 CO2(g)

3.28 g of sodium sulfate are reacted with an excess of carbon.

3
4850 cm of carbon dioxide are formed at a pressure of 100 kPa

Calculate the temperature, in °C, of the carbon dioxide.

–1 –1
The gas constant, R = 8.31 J K mol
[6 marks]

°C 17

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0 3 This question is about Period 2 elements. box

0 3 . 1 Table 3 shows the first ionisation energies of some Period 2 elements.

Table 3
1
Element First ionisation energy / kJ mol

Lithium 519

Beryllium 900

Boron To be predicted

Carbon 1088

Nitrogen 1402

Predict the value of the first ionisation energy of boron.

Explain your answer in terms of atomic structure.

[3 marks]

1
First ionisation energy of boron kJ mol

Explanation

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0 3 . 2 Table 4 shows the electronegativity values for some of the elements in Period 2. box

Table 4

Li Be B C N O F

Electronegativity 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

Suggest why electronegativity values increase across Period 2.

[2 marks]

0 3 . 3 Draw the shape of a molecule of boron trifluoride, BF3

Include any lone pairs, if any, that influence the shape.

Explain why a molecule of boron trifluoride is non-polar, although a B—F bond

is polar.
[3 marks]

Shape

Explanation

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–
0 3 . 4 A boron trifluoride molecule reacts with a fluoride ion to form a BF4 ion. box

Name the type of bond formed when BF3 reacts with a fluoride ion.

Explain how this bond is formed.

[2 marks]

Name of bond

Explanation

10

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0 4 This question is about the standard enthalpy of combustion of propanone, CH3COCH3 box

CH3COCH3(l) + 4 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l)

0 4 . 1 Define standard enthalpy of combustion.

[2 marks]

0 4 . 2 In a calorimetry experiment, 1.027 g of propanone are burned in oxygen.

The heat given out is used to increase the temperature of 200 g of water from
19 °C to 42 °C

–1
Calculate a value, in kJ mol , for the enthalpy of combustion of propanone.
–1 –1
The specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J K g
[4 marks]

–1
Enthalpy of combustion kJ mol

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0 4 . 3 Complete the enthalpy level diagram for the combustion of propanone. box

[1 mark]

0 4 . 4 Suggest why a copper calorimeter is used rather than a glass beaker.

[1 mark]

In a data book, the value for the enthalpy of combustion for propanone
–1
is –1792 kJ mol

0 4 . 5 Give one reason, other than heat loss, why the value obtained in Question 04.2 is
different from the value given in the data book.
[1 mark]

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0 4 . 6 The standard enthalpy of combustion of propanone can be used to calculate the box

standard enthalpy of formation of propanone.

The equation for the standard enthalpy of formation of propanone is

1
3 C(s) + 3 H2(g) + O2(g) ⟶ CH3COCH3(l)
2

Table 5 shows some standard enthalpy of combustion data.

Table 5

C(s) H2(g) CH3COCH3(l)

–1
ΔcHϴ / kJ mol –394 –286 –1792

–1
Use the data in Table 5 to calculate the standard enthalpy of formation, in kJ mol ,
of propanone.
[2 marks]

Standard enthalpy of formation kJ mol

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0 5 This question is about the Period 3 elements, sodium to chlorine, and box

their compounds.

0 5 . 1 Figure 1 shows the melting points of some of the elements in Period 3.

Figure 1

Draw crosses on Figure 1 to mark the melting points for silicon and sulfur.
[2 marks]

0 5 . 2 In terms of structure and bonding, explain why magnesium has a higher melting point
than sodium.
[2 marks]

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0 5 . 3 In terms of structure and bonding, explain why phosphorus has a higher melting point box

than chlorine.
[2 marks]

0 5 . 4 Which of these elements has the largest atomic radius?

Tick () one box.

[1 mark]
sodium

silicon

sulfur

0 5 . 5 Chlorine reacts with cold, dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide.

Write an equation for the reaction.

[1 mark]

0 5 . 6 Chlorine reacts with an aqueous sodium halide to form a black solid in a

dark brown solution.

Identify the sodium halide.

Write an ionic equation for the reaction.

[2 marks]

Identity of sodium halide

Ionic equation

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0 5 . 7 Sodium chloride dissolves in water to form a colourless solution. box

A student adds dilute acid and another reagent to show that the colourless solution
contains chloride ions.

Give the formula of this other reagent.

Give one observation the student would make.

[2 marks]

Formula of reagent

Observation

0 5 . 8 Solid sodium bromide reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid in a redox reaction.

Write an equation for this reaction.

State one observation.

[2 marks]

Equation

Observation 14

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0 6 This question is about redox reactions containing manganese compounds. box

MnO2 reacts, in acidic conditions, with iodide ions to form iodine.

0 6 . 1 Write a half-equation to show the conversion of iodide ions into iodine.

[1 mark]

0 6 . 2 Write a half-equation to show the conversion of MnO2, in acidic conditions, into Mn

2+

[1 mark]

0 6 . 3 Write an overall ionic equation for the reaction of MnO2, in acidic conditions,
with iodide ions.
[1 mark]

2–
MnO4 reacts, in acidic conditions, as shown in the equation.

2– + –
3 MnO4 + 4 H → 2 MnO4 + MnO2 + 2 H2O

0 6 . 4 2–
Give the oxidation state of manganese in MnO4 and in MnO4
–

[1 mark]
2–
Oxidation state of Mn in MnO4
–
Oxidation state of Mn in MnO4

Question 6 continues on the next page

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0 6 . 5 In the extraction of manganese from Mn3O4, aluminium acts as a reducing agent and box

forms Al2O3

State, in terms of electrons, the meaning of reducing agent.

Write an equation for the overall reaction.

[2 marks]

Meaning of reducing agent

Equation

END OF QUESTIONS

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