1

ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN ĐỀ MINH HOẠ SỐ 11

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
JOIN OUR CREATIVE WRITING WORKSHOP!
Do you have a passion for ___(1)___? Are you between 16 and 25 years old? Join our ___(2)___.
• ___(3)___ experience required
• Exciting weekly sessions
• Opportunity to publish your work
• Meet and learn from ___(4)___ authors. Register now ___(5)___ information.
• Email: writershub@literature.com
• Phone: 555-0234
• Address: 22 Inspiration Drive, Noveltown.
You’ll get to find great literature, meet fellow scribblers and build a writing habit, ___(6)___ your writing
journey to the next level. Why wait? Enroll in our writing workshop today!
Question 1. A. storyteller B. telling story C. storytelling D. teller of a story
Question 2. A. Creative Writing Workshop B. Workshop Writing Creative
C. Workshop Creative Writing D. Writing Creative Workshop
Question 3. A. Not B. No C. Neither D. Never
Question 4. A. renowning B. renown C. renowned D. renownedly
Question 5. A. or more B. with more C. no more D. for more
Question 6. A. that take B. that takes C. which take D. which takes
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
ANNOUNCEMENT OF SCHOOL SPORTS DAY
The School Athletics Department is pleased ___(7)___:
 All athletes ___(8)___ to report at the school field by 08:00 AM on June 10.
 Each team must prepare and submit their entry list for each event. Each athlete is allowed to participate
___(9)___ three events.
 The school will ___(10)___ trophies and medals for the winners in each category.
 ___(11)___ you have any inquiries regarding the event schedule or rules, please contact the Athletics
Department.
Typically, all the sports ___(12)___ are concluded by an award ceremony. After finishing all the activities,
custom awards, incentives, and more should be given to appreciate the competitors and encourage them to
improve.
Question 7. A. to be announced B. to announce C. be announcing D. announcing
Question 8. A. are expected B. who are expected C. expected D. who expected
Question 9. A. in maximum of B. in a maximum withC. in a maximum of D. in maximum
Question 10. A. conduct B. organize C. execute D. distribute
Question 11. A. Whenever B. If C. As D. Unless
Question 12. A. which you take part B. you take part in
C. that you take part D. you take part
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
Question 13.
a. Also, volunteering makes students aware of the needs around them.
b. Finally, doing volunteer work helps students feel good about supporting others.
c. It is thought that high school students benefit from doing voluntary work in many ways.
d. Additionally, students develop such important skills as teamwork and communication.
e. It should be true. Firstly, students who do voluntary work gain valuable real-world experience.
A. c-a-b-d-e B. e-c-a-b-d C. e-a-c-b-d D. c-e-a-d-b
Question 14.
a. Engaging in hobbies and personal interests can have a profound impact on overall well-being.
b. These activities provide a much-needed break from the routine of daily life.
c. Dear Sam, I've been reflecting on our discussion about balancing work and personal life.
d. Hobbies also allow for personal growth and skill development.
e. Gardening, painting, or playing a musical instrument can foster creativity and boost self-esteem.
A. c-b-d-a-e B. c-e-b-d-a C. c-d-e-b-a D. c-a-b-d-e
Question 15. To whom it may concern,
a. I look forward to your reply and a resolution to my problem.
b. I will wait until Apr 30 before I contact a consumer protection agency or get other help.
c. Please contact me by phone at 09838506xx.
d. On Apr 1, I bought an electric rice cooker at your store on Van Kiep St.
e. Unfortunately, your product has not performed well so far. My rice always smells burnt.
f. To resolve the problem, I would like an exchange of a new cooker. I have enclosed the copies of my
receipt.
 2

Sincerely,
CYAH
A. f-e-d-c-a-b B. d-f-e-a-c-b C. c-a-b-f-d-e D. d-e-f-b-c-a
Question 16.
a. Natasha: Do you speak English? b. Celine: 2 months.
c. Natasha: Excuse me, are you American? d. Celine: A little, but not very well.
e. Natasha: How long have you been here? f. Celine: No. I’m a French.
A. c-f-a-d-e-b B. f-e-d-c-a-b C. c-a-b-f-d-e D. d-f-e-a-c-b
Question 17.
a. No, sorry. I don’t know.
b. I think I can take the subway to the airport. Do you know where the subway is?
c. I’m looking for the airport. Can you tell me how to get there?
d. Hi Michael. e. Oh, I see it now. Thanks.
f. No problem. g. Hi Amy. What’s up?
h. Across the street.
A. d-g-c-f-e-a-h-b B. b-a-c-h-f-e-g-d C. a-b-c-d-f-e-h-g D. d-g-c-a-b-h-e-f
Read the following passage about reading skill and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22
Reading is an essential skill that enhances our cognitive abilities in many ways. Firstly, it improves
our language skills. When we read, we learn new words and understand how they are used in context,
___(18)___. This helps in expanding our vocabulary and improving our communication skills. Secondly,
reading boosts our imagination and creativity. ___(19)___, it takes us to different worlds and situations we
might not experience in real life. This stimulates our creativity and helps us think outside the box. Thirdly,
regular reading enhances our concentration and focus. It requires us to pay attention to details and follow
complex narratives, ___(20)___. Additionally, reading provides us with knowledge about various subjects
and cultures. It allows us to gain insights into ___(21)___. This broadens our perspective and helps us
become more empathetic and understanding. Finally, reading is a great way to relax and de-stress. It can be
a form of escapism, where we can lose ourselves in a story and forget about our daily worries, which
provides a much-needed break for us. In conclusion, reading is not just a leisure activity. It plays a
significant role in our cognitive development, helping us to ___(22)___. Therefore, it's important to cultivate
a habit of reading from a young age.
Question 18.A. which improve our language skills B. makes it easier to improve our language
C. it improves our language skills D. improving our language skills
Question 19.A. Reads interesting stories B. When we read interesting stories
C. Having read interesting stories D. To read interesting stories
Question 20.A. to keep our minds sharp B. keep our minds sharp
C. keeping our minds sharp D. keeps our minds sharp
Question 21.A. the lives and experiences of people from diverse backgrounds
B. people from diverse backgrounds and their experiences
C. diverse backgrounds of people's lives and experiences
D. experiences and lives of people from diverse backgrounds
Question 22.A. improve mentally and emotionally B. mentally and emotionally improve
C. improving mentally and emotionally D. be improved mentally and emotionally
Read the following passage about human life expectancy and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Nomophobia, short for "no-mobile-phone phobia," is a modern phenomenon that affects many people
in today's digital age.
What is nomophobia? It is the irrational fear of being without one's mobile phone or being unable to
use it. This condition can cause anxiety and distress, and it highlights the profound impact mobile devices
have on our lives. The fear of losing or being separated from one's phone is a growing concern. Some
common situations that trigger nomophobia include misplacing one's phone, running out of battery, or losing
network signal. The fear intensifies when people imagine not having their phones to contact friends and
family, access the internet, or use GPS for navigation.
Who easily suffers from nomophobia? Nomophobia is not limited to any age group and can affect
individuals of all backgrounds. It often becomes evident when people experience panic or anxiety when
they forget their phones at home or are unable to use them temporarily. Symptoms may include restlessness,
rapid heartbeat, sweating, and a sense of insecurity.
The roots of nomophobia lie in the convenience and connectedness that mobile phones provide.
These devices have become integral to our daily lives, serving as not just communication tools but also
cameras, entertainment hubs, personal organizers, and more. This dependence on mobile phones can lead to
a feeling of vulnerability when separated from them.
Question 23. Which of the following is not mentioned as nomophobia?
A. The irrational fear of being unable to afford a mobile phone.
B. The irrational fear of not bringing along at least a mobile phone.
C. The irrational fear of being unable to operate a mobile phone.
 3

D. The irrational fear of not being with a mobile phone.

Question 24. The word “anxiety” is OPPOSITE in paragraph 2 in meaning to _____.
A. carelessness B. meaninglessness C. fearlessness D. uselessness
Question 25. The pronoun “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. the irrational fear B. distress C. the mobile phone D. the digital age
Question 26. The word “vulnerability” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. loss B. sickness C. weaknesses D. depression
Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3.
A. Only some people can avoid nomophobia while others easily get stuck in it.
B. Nomophobia affects everyone in the world, but some people can easily get over it.
C. Hardly anyone remains unaffected by nomophobia.
D. Naturally, everyone is easily immune to nomophobia.
Question 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 2?
A. Nomophobia is so dangerous that people should stop using mobile phones to avoid it.
B. People do not use their phones to contact others, access the internet, or use GPS for navigation.
C. Before the first mobile phone was invented, human beings had not been affected by nomophobia.
D. People in today's cyberworld shouldn’t bring along a mobile phone to avoid nomophobia.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the writer mention the cause of nomophobia?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the writer mention the fear of being without mobile phones?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about education in Nepal and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Fashion in the 1960s reflected the cultural and political upheaval of the time. The hippie and
counterculture movement gave rise to accessories like Pocahontas-style headbands and medallions worn
around the neck. Hippies wore long, loosely fitting clothing, often in natural fabrics. Hemlines rose as Mary
Quant popularized the miniskirt and hot pants in her lines for JC Penney. And mod fashion, with brightly
colored space-age geometric patterns, shift dresses and colored tights became the mainstream. Both
miniskirts and mod-shift dresses were worn with knee-high go-go boots.
[A] During the 1970s, the loose-fitting hippie clothes of the prior decade gave way to exotic fabrics
and bell-bottom jeans for men and women. Hemlines continued to rise and hot pants continued their
popularity, reflecting the flashy style of the decade. However, the 1970s also saw the popularity of a longer
hemline, from mid-calf to ankle-length. [B] Women wore peasant-style clothing, especially blouses with off-
the-shoulder necklines and lace trim, with their jeans or skirts. [C] Disco fashion emerged, featuring bright
patterns and tightly fitting clothing meant to show off the body. Platform shoes elevated their wearer, male
or female, anywhere from two to four inches or more. [D]
The 1980s saw another fashion upheaval. Angst-ridden punks wore Dr. Marten and steel-toed army
boots, chains, tartan patterns, and bondage pants. Punks focused more on their hair during this period, dying,
teasing and chopping their hair into asymmetric styles that seemed to defy gravity. Women—and men—
experimented with heavy eyeliner in a variety of colors. Women wore neon colors, jelly shoes, tight jeans,
leggings, leg warmers and oversized sweatshirts. Menswear-inspired looks also became popular for both
sexes. Men wore ‘power suits,’ named so for their price, which made these suits a reflection of the wealth of
the wearer. Women’s jackets featured big shoulder pads that made the shoulders appear higher and larger,
similar to the male silhouette.
1990’s fashion was far more subdued than the garish, wild styles of the 1980s. Bands like Nirvana
influenced the grunge look, which featured rock-concert tee shirts under plaid flannel shirts, jeans and long,
greasy hair. Overalls were worn by both sexes, either with one or both shoulder straps unhooked. The punk
style of the 1870s and 1980s evolved into the goth fashion trend, which featured black clothing, black boots
and studded bracelets in the style of bands like Nine Inch Nails and Marilyn Manson.
Question 31. Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The influences of fashion on young people B. Projected fashion trends in the next decades
C. The greatest fashion models of all times D. Fashion trends over four decades
Question 32. The phrase “gave rise to” in paragraph 1 mostly means ______.
A. drew the attention to B. provided budget for
C. made up for D. caused the appearance of
Question 33. The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. hemlines’ B. hot pants’ C. bell-bottom jeans’ D. fabrics’
Question 34. The word “elevated” in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
A. lifted B. beautified C. supported D. enlightened
Question 35. Where does the following sentence best fit?
Embroidered clothing became especially popular with this trend.
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
Question 36. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in
paragraph 3?
 4

A. Such was the popularity of menswear that both sexes were inspired to make themselves look exactly the
same.
B. Men had so great inspiration to the popular clothes of women that both sexes share the same kind of
garments.
C. Both men and women liked to wear clothes that drew inspiration from menswear.
D. Women and men were inspired to wear the popular clothing of the opposite sex.
Question 37. Which of the following is best supported by the author of the passage?
A. The more civilized society is, the more wilderness-oriented fashion styles become.
B. The more modern the society is, the more similar to each other menswear and womenswear become.
C. The more developed society becomes, the more simplified fashion gets.
D. Fashion in each decade reflected major changes in culture and politics of that corresponding time period.
Question 38. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of “power suits”?
A. They were worn by both genders. B. They represented the wealth of the wearers.
C. They were very costly. D. Their price reflects the status of the wearers.
Question 39. What can be inferred from accessories like Pocahontas-style headbands?
A. They were not aligned with the cultural convention at the time.
B. They were prepared by the Indian Americans.
C. They were not popular at that time.
D. They remained popular until the 1980s.
Question 40. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Punks in the 1970s adopted asymmetric hair styles that seemed to defy gravity.
B. Fashion in the 1990’s was generally gentler and quieter than that of the 1980’s.
C. Fashion in the 1960’s was dominated by unisex exotic fabrics and bell-bottom jeans.
D. Punk in the 1870s and 1980s adopted goth fashion trend featuring black clothing, black boots.
ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN ĐỀ MINH HOẠ SỐ 12
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
133 TUITION
Do you love children? We need some tutors ___(1)___ students aged 6 and 9 at 133 Duong Ba Trac, Ward
1, District 8 this summer.
 You will work with children full of ___(2)___.
 Good appearance is needed. Don't worry ___(3)___ you have tutored before.
 ___(4)___.
How ___(5)___? Our tutors must provide ___(6)___ IDs and criminal records, and they must pass our
rigorous application process. If you want to know more about our process, please visit us at
www.hcmc......vn.
Question 1. A. who to assist B. be able to assist C. able to assist D. who is able to assist
Question 2. A. energy B. energetically C. energetic D. energizer
Question 3. A. unless B. that C. about D. if
Question 4. A. Working hours flexibility B. Working flexible hours
C. Flexibly working hours D. Flexible working hours
Question 5. A. you’re applying B. you apply C. will apply D. to apply
Question 6. A. us for B. with us C. us with D. for us
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
ANNOUNCEMENT OF CHINESE SPEAKING CONTEST
The (7) ___ would like to announce:
 We ___(7)___ a Chinese Speaking Competition on June 01.
 All students ___(8)___ in speaking Chinese can take part in this exciting contest!
 Express your ideas confidently, ___(9)___ you build your self-assurance in using Chinese.
 Get ready to share your thoughts ___(10)___ our friendly atmosphere.
 Keep an eye out for more details ___(11)___ to participate in the contest!
Question 7. A. school youth union B. young union school
C. school young union D. youth union school
Question 8. A. have hosted B. are hosting C. had hosted D. would host
Question 9. A. interested B. interest C. uninteresting D. interesting
Question 10. A. that helps B. that help C. which help D. which helps
Question 11. A. please enjoy B. and enjoy C. but enjoy D. just enjoy
Question 12. A. on how B. to how C. at how D. in how
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
Question 13.
a. Finally, difficulties in communication and forming genuine connections due to social media and
technology dependence are common among teens.
b. Additionally, cyberbullying and online harassment present significant challenges in the digital age.
 5

c. Teens often face various social challenges.

d. Firstly, peer pressure can lead to risky behaviors such as substance abuse, smoking, or involvement in
harmful activities.
e. Moreover, mental health issues, including anxiety and depression, are prevalent among teenagers due to
academic stress or social pressures.
A. c – d – e – b – a B. d – e – b – a – c C. d – b – e – a – c D. c – d – b – e – a
Question 14.
a. Also, when we do chores like sweeping or washing dishes, we're moving our bodies, which is good for
our health.
b. Dear Mike, I hope you are well! I've been thinking about why it’s important for children to share the
household chores with their parents.
c. Sharing the household chores is really a good way to help us have more time to do fun things together.
d. Firstly, it helps keep our home tidy and clean, making it a nicer place to live.
e. Additionally, children learn to be responsible and take care of our things when they help with tasks at
home.
f. Best wishes.
A. b-a-d-e-c-f B. b-e-d-a-c-f C. b-d-a-e-c-f D. b-c-a-e-d-f
Question 15. Dear Mr. Francis,
a. Additionally, revenue streams have increased more than 60 percent over the five years I have been part of
The Whitney team.
b. I have been following the recent growth of the business after the launch of your new apartment complex
in Queens. I am writing to express my sincere interest in working with the property management team at
RAP Properties.
c. I have a proven record of managing 100 plus unit apartment complexes, supervising employees, preparing
budgets, processing applications, and working closely with residents and maintenance, security, and
professional personnel to ensure clean, safe, and properly run properties.
d. I am excited to discuss further how my qualifications could benefit RAP Properties and hope that you can
add my name to your list of potential candidates for future property management positions. Thank you so
much for your time and consideration.
e. I have several years of professional property management experience at The Whitney Apartments and am
confident that my skills and abilities would be a great asset to RAP Properties. During the entirety of my
role as a property manager at The Whitney Apartments, I have had zero vacancies and steady positive
approval ratings from both residents and senior management.
Kind regards,
Maggie Lynch
A. a-b-e-c-d B. a-c-d-b-e C. b-e-a-c-d D. d-c-a-e-b
Question 16. At an ATM …
a. Mike: Click on whichever option you want, and you're done.
b. Mike: What's stopping you?
c. Mike: Slide your card into the machine and type your PIN in.
d. Carol: Then what?
e. Carol: I need to use the ATM.
f. Carol: What do I have to do?
A. f-c-d-a-e-b B. a-e-b-f-c-d C. c-d-a-e-b-f D. e-b-f-c-d-a
Question 17. At a florist’s …
a. A: How much are the roses? b. B: Yes, they're on sale today.
c. B: Splendid. Will there be anything else? d. B: $20 per dozen.
e. B: I'm sure your wife will love them. f. A: I need some flowers for my wife. It's her birthday.
g. A: I'll take a dozen. h. B: Very well. We have some fresh red roses.
i. A: No, the roses will be fine. j. A: That sounds like a good deal.
A. e-f-i-j-c-a-b-d-h-g B. h-g-d-b-a-e-i-j-f-c C. a-b-e-f-c-d-j-i-g-h D. f-h-a-d-j-b-g-c-i-e
Read the following passage about gender equality and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22
EXPLORING PATHS AFTER SCHOOL
Finishing high school is a big step ___(18)___. There are various paths to choose from after leaving school,
and each one offers unique opportunities. Some students decide to continue their studies at universities.
Universities have many subjects to learn, like science, art, or business. They offer degrees that can lead to
exciting careers. This option allows students to dive deeper into subjects they are passionate about. For
others, vocational training is a great choice. Vocational training focuses on specific skills that are important
in jobs like mechanics, cooking, or healthcare. It gives practical knowledge and ___(19)___. Another option
is ___(20)___. These colleges offer courses that are practical and also give the chance to move to bigger
universities later. They are a good starting point for many students.
Apprenticeships are great for those who like to learn while working. This option gives hands-on experience
in fields such as engineering, culinary arts, or information technology. It not only facilitates the acquisition
 6

of comprehensive knowledge and advanced skills but also enables individuals to gain valuable experience
and ___(21)___.
In recent times, online courses have become very popular. These courses offer flexibility ___(22)___. They
cover a wide range of subjects and give access to education no matter where someone lives.
In conclusion, there are many paths available after finishing school. Each path has its advantages and can
lead to a bright future. It's important for school leavers to explore these options and choose the one that suits
them best.
Question 18.A. what opens many doors for young people B. that open many doors for young people
C. opening many doors for young people D. opens many doors for young people
Question 19.
A. promptly prepare students for the workforce. B. preparation students to swiftly enter the job market.
C. prepares students for work right away D. preparing students for immediate employment
Question 20.A. enrolling in community college B. to enroll in community college
C. enroll in community college D. enrolled in community college
Question 21.A. a sustainable income simultaneous B. a sustainable income simultaneously
C. an income sustainable simultaneously D. a simultaneously sustainable income
Question 22.A. as students can study from home B. because of students can study from home
C. if students can study from home D. though students can study from home
Read the following passage about human life expectancy and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
An engine is a machine that creates mechanical motion from energy. In order to do this, an engine
frequently requires some type of fuel to burn. Nowadays, many engines are used to power cars and other
forms of transportation. These vehicles most commonly have an internal combustion engine and rely upon
gasoline for power. However, there are several types of engines that can use alternative energy sources.
Many people are trying to switch to them because gasoline, which is a fossil fuel, creates pollution and is
also a non-renewable resource.
These days, engines that are able to burn biofuels are somewhat common. Biofuels are fuels that are
made from biological material, such as corn, soybeans, and sugarcane. These biofuels burn cleanly, so they
produce much less pollution than fossil fuels. In some countries, such as Brazil, cars with biofuel engines are
standard. In fact, most of the cars in Brazil have engines that can operate on either gasoline or biofuel.
A second type of alternative engine is the electric engine. Cars with electric engines have been
common for decades. Most are being used in hybrid cars at the moment. These are vehicles that have both a
gasoline-powered engine and an electric one. In many cases, the gasoline-powered engine is used to operate
the car at high speeds on expressways. The electric engine is utilised for city driving. One benefit of hybrid
cars is that as the gasoline-powered engine runs, it simultaneously recharges the electric engine.
A third type of alternative engine is the hydrogen engine. It utilises hydrogen fuel cells, which
convert hydrogen into electricity that can power the car These days, there are many cars and buses that rely
upon hydrogen engines. However, there are some problems associated with this type of engine. The
hydrogen used in the engine must be processed from other materials, and it is also difficult to store. As a
result, vehicles that run on hydrogen are expensive.
Alternative energy sources create less pollution and are often renewable sources of energy. It is
hoped that more and more innovations help the use of alternative energy sources become easier and easier.
Question 23. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text above as renewable energy?
A. Electricity B. Biofuel C. Gasoline D. Hydrogen
Question 24. The phrase “alternative energy sources” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _____.
A. Hybrid engines B. Fossil fuels C. Biological fuels D. Electric engines
Question 25. The word “recharges” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. repels B. retreats C. refreshes D. resumes
Question 26. The author uses corn, soybeans, and sugarcane as examples of _______.
A. crops that are grown in Brazil B. biological materials that grow quickly
C. things that can be turned into biofuels D. plants that can be eaten by people
Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5?
A. Alternative sources of energy can be used up and cause contamination.
B. Alternative sources of energy are limited but cause no pollution.
C. Alternative sources of energy are unlimited and hardly cause pollution.
D. Alternative sources of energy are never used up but cause contamination.
Question 28. What is True about a hybrid car?
A. It has one engine producing electricity while the other runs on gasoline.
B. It has one engine running on gasoline while the other runs on electricity.
C. It runs on electricity and produces gasoline at the same time.
D. It runs on both gasoline and electricity at the same time.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the writer mention the engines running on H2.
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the writer mention cars running on biofuel and gasoline?
A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5
 7

Read the following passage about managing change and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Managing change means managing people's fear. Change is natural and good, but people's reaction
to change is unpredictable and can be irrational. It can be managed if done right.
Nothing is as upsetting to your people as change. Nothing has greater potential to cause failures, loss
of production, or falling quality of work. Yet nothing is as important to the survival of your organization as
change. History is full of examples of organizations that failed to change and are now extinct. The secret to
successfully managing change, from the perspective of the employees, is definition and understanding.
Resistance to change comes from a fear of the unknown or an expectation of loss. The front end of
an individual's resistance to change is how they perceive the change. The back end is how well they are
equipped to deal with the change they expect.
An individual's degree of resistance to change is determined by whether they perceive the
change as good or bad, and how severe they expect the impact of the change to be on them. Their
ultimate acceptance of the change is a function of how much resistance the person has and the quality of
their coping skills and their support system.
If you move an employee's desk six inches, they may not notice or care. Yet if the reason you moved
it those six inches was to fit in another worker in an adjacent desk, there may be high resistance to the
change. It depends on whether the original employee feels the hiring of an additional employee is a threat to
his job or perceives the hiring as bringing in some needed assistance.
A promotion is usually considered a good change. However, an employee who doubts their ability to
handle the new job may strongly resist the promotion. They will give you all kinds of reasons for not
wanting the promotion, just not the real one.
You might expect a higher-level employee to be less concerned about being laid off because they
have savings and investments to support them during a job search. However, the individual may feel they
are overextended and that a job search will be long and complicated. Conversely, your concern for a low-
income employee being laid off may be unfounded if they have stashed a nest egg in anticipation of the cut.
Your best salesperson may balk at taking on new, high-potential account because they have an
irrational feeling that they don't dress well enough.
If you try and bulldoze this resistance, you will fail. [A] The employee whose desk you had to move
will develop production problems. [B] The top worker who keeps declining the promotion may quit rather
than have to continue making up excuses for turning you down. [C] And the top salesperson's sales may
drop to the point that you stop considering them for the new account. [D]
Question 31. Which of the following best serves as the title for the passage?
A. Failing to change: Planning to fail B. Managing change: Managing fear
C. Tips for laying off employees without resistance D. Managing people in the time of change
Question 32. The word “perceive” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. understand B. employ C. present D. perform
Question 33. The word “their” in paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A. an employee’s B. a new job’s C. a promotion D. a change’s
Question 34. The word “bulldoze” in paragraph 8 mostly means ______.
A. encourage B. receive C. suppress D. ignore
Question 35. Where does the following sentence best fit?
Instead, you overcome the resistance by defining the change and by getting a mutual understanding.
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
Question 36. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in
paragraph 4?
A. The more determination the employee has, the more resistant he or she is when dealing with the serious
impact that the change has on him or her.
B. It is the employee’s perception of the change itself and the influence the change may exert on them that
decide their reaction to change.
C. A person will resist to change until the level that the severity of the effects caused by the change gets
beyond his or her determination.
D. No matter how determined an employee may be, they are unable to resist to the change that has too
severe effects on them.
Question 37. Which of the following is True about change?
A. The organisations that have been inflexible to change can sustain during the course of time.
B. Change is of little importance to the survival and development of an organisation.
C. Change itself is not problematic but it is the way people react to change that causes problems.
D. Most of the employers keep changes a secret and will not easily tell employees of the changes.
Question 38. What are the two things that employees should bear in mind when managing change?
A. Defining it and understand it B. Expecting it and combatting it
C. Predicting it and resisting it D. Perceiving it and expecting it
Question 39. Why does the author mention moving an employee’s desk?
A. To highlight the need of change in the workplace
B. To show how this action can be perceived differently
 8

C. To explain that most employees don’t welcome change

D. To show how small a change may be
Question 40. Who would most probably be the target readers of the passage?
A. Employees B. Psychologists C. Reformers D. Employers

ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN ĐỀ MINH HOẠ SỐ 13

Read the following article and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
The term 'personal development' is often connected with activities like dieting or exercise, or perhaps
learning a (1) ______. But while these things are undoubtedly important, there are many other (2) ______
skills which are often overlooked. Academic or cognitive skills (3) ______ critical thinking, memorisation
and creativity are important, as are (4) ______ and emotional skills like friendliness, positive thinking, and
self-esteem.
(5) ______ skills not to be neglected include self-control, time management, and finding a balanced
life. The important thing is to (6) ______ a 'holistic approach' to personal development, meaning you should
aim to develop yourself as a whole person rather than focusing on one aspect of yourself at the expense of
the others.
Question 1. A. new programme computer B. programme new compute
C. new computer programme D. computer programme new
Question 2. A. worthwhile B. potential C. meaningful D. ordinary
Question 3. A. in place of B. such as C. regardless of D. at least
Question 4. A. sociable B. society C. socially D. social
Question 5. A. Other B. The others C. Others D. Another
Question 6. A. make B. give C. lead D. take
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Here are some ways to help reduce global warming. Which of these do you regularly do?
- Don't use private cars. Your willingness (7) ______ or cycle to nearby places can help reduce your own
carbon footprint.
- Make a decision to reduce, recycle, and reuse. Reduce waste by buying reusable products. Don't forget
to recycle plastics, glass, and paper products. You may wish to reuse some of your old items to (8) ______,
too. Take unneeded items (9) ______ a recycling centre.
- Plant trees. Plants and trees are nature's lungs. They produce the oxygen we breathe. They also can shade
your home, (10) ______ it cooler so you don't need to run your air conditioners as much.
- Buy local goods. When you buy goods imported from far-away places, it takes a large (11) ______ of
energy to transport them to your area. This means that if you don't buy local food and products, then more
(12) ______ of carbon dioxide will happen during the transportation process.
Question 7. A. to walk B. walking C. to walking D. walk
Question 8. A. make out B. turn out C. help out D. find out
Question 9. A. with B. for C. at D. to
Question 10. A. which make B. made C. to make D. making
Question 11. A. level B. amount C. degree D. number
Question 12. A. scales B. emissions C. portions D. purposes
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.
Question 13.
a. Mai: No, I don't. Shall we do something together?
b. Ann: Do you have any plans for this Saturday evening?
c. Ann: Yes, let's. How about going to a music show? Let me check the weekend programme at the Modern
Arts Centre.
A. b – c – a B. c – b – a C. b – a – c D. a – b – c
Question 14.
a. Nam: Yes, we should all have these basic life skills to be adults.
b. Nam: Because doing housework helps them develop life skills.
c. Anna: It's true. Life skills such as cooking, cleaning, or taking care of others are really necessary for kids
when they grow up.
d. Anna: Thank you for sharing your idea. It's very useful for my project.
e. Anna: Why do you think children should do housework?
A. e – b – c – a – d B. e – b – d – a – c C. d – a – e – b – c D. d – b – c – e – a
Question 15.
Hi Jack,
a. I think we should try to help our parents because it's not fair for them to do everything.
b. I make my bed every day and clean my room twice a week, which makes my parents happy.
c. I'm sorry to hear that you're so busy with your studies and have too many chores to do.
 9

d. I am very busy with school and other activities, too, but I still help around the house.
e. It's true that we don't have much free time, but doing a few chores doesn't take long.
Talk to you soon!
Ryan
A. a – e – c – d – b B. c – e – a – d – b C. d – a – c – e – c D. e – a – c – d – b
Question 16.
a. There are songs for special occasions, such as moving into a new home, and songs with stories about the
history of the Muờng.
b. In modern life, many of the Mường people still make their clothes themselves.
c. The Muong people have their own style of music and they play the gong, one of the traditional musical
instruments of the Mường culture.
d. They need to be very creative, talented, and patient because their clothes have colourful patterns on them,
which are difficult to make and take a lot of skill and time.
e. The Mường people are proud of their traditions and culture.
A. e – a – c – b – d B. c – a – e – d – b C. a – c – d – b – e D. b – d – c – a – e
Question 17.
a. The way they come together and help each other is a real inspiration, and something I think a lot of us
here have forgotten.
b. But I was also amazed at how positively people go about their everyday lives.
c. It was the month when I volunteered at a hospital in Africa that changed my life.
d. I was introduced to a world that is very different to mine in so many ways.
e. I was horrified at how poor so many of the families over there are and how difficult their lives can be.
A. c – d – e – b – a B. d – a – e – a – b C. c – e – d – b – a D. d – e – b – a – c
Read the following passage about adolescence and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Adolescence is a difficult time for both parents and teenagers as it is a period of physical, social and
emotional change. Physically, as a dependent pre-teen child, (18) _______. In general, emotionally and
socially, adolescents like you are experiencing profound changes in terms of freedom, privacy, interests,
decisions and opinions.
First, you want more freedom to choose who to see and when. (19) _______. Now you want to spend
some more time on your own. Second, your parents made most decisions before adolescence. But now you
want to decide things for yourselves. You hate being told what to do all the time. Above all, adolescents
have strong opinions and are idealistic. (20) _______. You feel you have all the answers while adults don't.
All these perfectly normal changes will affect teenagers' relationship with their parents. (21)
_______? Firstly, let your parents know that you still love and value them. Secondly, try to agree to rules
and boundaries and prove to be dependable. Keep your words and stick to rules. Thirdly, (22) _______.
Show your parents that you are capable of an independent life by taking care of your own school work and
maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Finally, it's all about communication! Keep talking to your parents.
Question 18.
A. on which the transformation into an independent young adult triggers
B. totally changed into an independent young adult
C. you are being transformed into an independent young adult
D. that the transition to an independent young adult finally occurs
Question 19.A. Being in the company of your parents, you are thrilled
B. You used to be most happy in the company of your parents
C. You felt delighted without the company of your parents
D. The company of your parents hardly satisfied you
Question 20.A. You see the world differently, develop your own views and your own sense of right or
wrong
B. Seeing the world differently, your own views and your own sense of right or wrong are developed
C. While you have developed your own views and your own sense of right or wrong, you now adopt a
different viewpoint on the world
D. Your own views and your own sense of right or wrong are developed so that the way you see the world
changes
Question 21.A. But as adolescents, how do you struggle to get on well with your parents
B. So what should parents do to create a harmonious atmosphere in the family
C. But what if adolescents try to maintain a good relationship with their parents
D. So what can you, as adolescents, do to stay on good terms with your parents
Question 22.A. having tried to see why your behaviour angers your parents
B. try to understand why they might be irritated by your behaviour
C. if you try to figure out why your parents are furious at your behaviour
D. understand why they are trying to be annoyed by your behaviour
Read the following passage about tourist graffiti and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 23 to 30.
 10

People in China were angry and there was a big hunt to find the person responsible for the graffiti in
Chinese on a 3,500-year-old monument in Luxor. The message wasn't very imaginative but basically 'Ding
Jinhao was here', so Internet users easily found this particular Ding Jinhao, a teenager in Nanjing. His
parents then told a local newspaper that their son was sorry for his actions.
It is a serious crime to write on a historic monument in Egypt. But in the past, people could write on
monuments and no one was angry about it. At Giza there is an example of graffiti on a temple wall from
1244 BC. It says 'Hadnakhte came to make an excursion and amuse himself on the west of the Memphis,
together with his brother, Panakhti'.
In Roman times, one of the first Egyptologists, Giovanni Belzoni, was the first modern man to enter
the pyramid of Khafre. Inside the pyramid today you can read his text celebrating the discovery. Later, in the
second half of the 19th century, Europeans could travel around the world, and they could climb to the top of
the Great Pyramid. There was graffiti in just about every language up there.
Luckily, it wasn't difficult to make Ding Jinhao's graffiti disappear. But China's National
Tourism Administration is right to advise all tourists to act in a civilised way.
Question 23. As stated in paragraph 1, Chinese citizens were angry because .
A. there was a big hunt at a monument in Luxor B. they saw the graffiti on an ancient monument
C. a teenager committed a violent crime D. the graffiti artist didn’t feel sorry for his actions
Question 24. The word imaginative in paragraph 1 can be best replaced by .
A. creative B. terrible C. unclear D. inspiring
Question 25. The word it in paragraph 1 refers to .
A. a historic monument B. an example of graffiti C. writing on monuments D. a temple wall
Question 26. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. It was fortunate that Ding Jinhao’s graffiti was simple to remove.
B. Fortunately, erasing Ding Jinhao's graffiti was easier than expected.
C. It was fortunate that Ding Jinhao's graffiti was nearly possible to erase.
D. Luckily, Ding Jinhao’s graffiti became less visible thanks to efforts.
Question 27. The word civilised in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
A. normal B. unacceptable C. fair D. dangerous
Question 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Ding Jinhao was identified online, and his actions were publicly criticized.
B. Writing on an ancient monument was regarded as a serious crime in Egypt.
C. Giovanni Belzoni’s writing in the pyramid of Khafre is hardly noticeable today.
D. The top of the Great Pyramid is now covered with writing in almost every language.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the author mention a contrast relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the author mention the outcome of a situation?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about a cycling revolution in India and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 40.
Nibha Kumari, a resident of Bihar, India’s poorest state, recalls how a bicycle transformed her life
when she turned 15. For two years, six days a week, she cycled two hours daily from home to school and
coaching classes and back, using a bicycle provided by the state government. “If I didn’t have a cycle, I
don’t think I could have finished high school. It changed my life,” says Nibha, now 27.
A new peer-reviewed study published in Journal of Transport Geography reveals remarkable insights
about school-going children and cycling in rural India. The study by Srishti Agrawal, Adit Seth and Rahul
Goel found that the most notable rise in cycling in India had occurred among rural girls - increasing more
than two times from 4.5% in 2007 to 11% in 2017 - reducing the gender gap in the activity. “This is a silent
revolution. We call it a revolution because cycling levels increased among girls in a country which has high
levels of gender inequality in terms of female mobility outside the home, in general, and for cycling, in
particular,” says Ms Agrawal.
[I] State-run free bicycle distribution schemes since 2004 have targeted girls, who had higher school
dropout rates than boys due to household chores and exhausting long walks. [II] This approach isn’t unique
to India - evidence from countries like Colombia, Kenya, Malawi and Zimbabwe also shows that bicycles
effectively boost girls' school enrolment and retention. [III] Cycling to school in rural areas doubled over
the decade, while in urban areas, it remained steady. Indian city roads are notoriously unsafe, with low urban
cycling to school linked to poor traffic safety and more cars on the road. [IV]
American suffragist Susan B Anthony famously said that the bicycle “has done more to emancipate
women than anything else in the world. It gives women a feeling of freedom and self- reliance".
Researchers wonder if women cycle less as they age due to shrinking job opportunities and workforce
dropout. Nibha stopped cycling after marriage and moving to her in-laws' home. While she still travels
outside the house as she trains to become a teacher, when asked about her commute, she simply says, "I
don't need the cycle anymore."
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news)
Question 31. The word It in paragraph 1 refers to .
A. high school B. a cycle C. state government D. life
 11

Question 32. The word reveals in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .

A. discloses B. assesses C. opposes D. controls
Question 33. According to paragraph 2, a sharp rise in cycling rates among schoolgirls in India indicates
that
A. a revolution in cycling is about to happen B. gender inequality is a pressing issue in India
C. the gender gap in cycling has been narrowed D. female mobility is limited in certain ways
Question 34. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?
A. A study shows rural girls’ cycling in India doubled, reducing the gender gap in mobility
B. A study demonstrates how cycling has transformed the way Indian girls go to school
C. A study illustrates that cycling in India rose despite high levels of gender inequality
D. A study clarifies the positive effects of cycling on both boys and girls in India
Question 35. Where in paragraph 3 does the following sentence best fit?
But the scale here is unmatched.
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 36. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Gender inequality regarding female cycling is still extremely high in India.
B. Nibha’s success is partly attributed to a bicycle provided by the government.
C. Indian girls had higher school dropouts rates than boys as they didn’t have a cycle.
D. The free bicycle distribution schemes have specifically targeted girls since 2004.
Question 37. The word emancipate in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
A. restrict B. reduce C. free D. object
Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Researchers doubt if women cycle more with age due to gaining more career opportunities and rejoining
the workforce.
B. Researchers believe women stop cycling more as they age because their job options reduce.
C. Researchers speculate whether fewer job prospects and workforce exit cause women to cycle less over
time.
D. Researchers assume that as women age, declining job opportunities lead to less cycling.
Question 39. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. there is not much difference in cycling rates between rural and urban areas in India
B. a growth in car ownership in India is entirely to blame for low urban cycling
C. shifts in life priorities influence the continuation of cycling among women in India
D. cycling is not a preferred option for Indian women when they reach marriage age
Question 40. Which of the following best summarises the passage?
A. State-run bicycle schemes in rural India helped boost school retention for girls, although the lack of
significant infrastructure improvements continues to challenge the effectiveness of the program in increasing
cycling.
B. Bicycle distribution in rural India, aimed at both boys and girls, significantly improved school attendance,
but challenges like inadequate infrastructure and long commutes hindered long-term effectiveness,
especially for girls.
C. The distribution of bicycles in rural India primarily benefited girls, dramatically reducing dropout rates
and doubling their cycling participation, yet these efforts had little effect on boys' school retention.
D. Indian rural girls benefited the most from government bicycle schemes, with cycling rates increasing,
leading to higher school retention, though life circumstances can limit the broader adoption of cycling for
women.
----- The end -----

ĐỀ MINH HỌA 14
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Thirsty for something refreshing? Coca-Cola has the perfect (1) __________ for you. Whether you’re
relaxing at home or out with friends, Coca-Cola offers the (2) __________. With its crisp, bold taste, it’s the
perfect companion for any moment. Feeling tired? Grab an ice-cold Coke to (3) __________ your energy.
Want to celebrate? Share a Coca-Cola with loved ones to create memories. Its unique flavor, (4)
__________ by millions, has made Coca-Cola a global favorite (5) __________ over a century. There’s a
Coke for everyone, and now you can sip it at anytime, anywhere. Choose Coca-Cola and taste the
difference! Every sip is a moment of refreshment that keeps you (6) __________ back for more.
Question 1. A. solve B. solver C. solution D. solvable
Question 2. A. ideal drink experience B. ideal experience drink
C. experience ideal drink D. drink experience ideal
Question 3. A. grow B. boost C. raise D. cope
Question 4. A. which loved B. loving C. was loved D. loved
Question 5. A. in B. for C. on D. by
Question 6. A. to coming B. coming C. come D. to come
 12

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered
blanks
STAY SAFE: PREVENTING THE FLU EPIDEMIC
What is the flu epidemic?
The flu epidemic is a contagious viral (7) __________ that affects the respiratory system. Every year,
millions of people worldwide are impacted, leading to severe health issues and hospitalizations.
Why it matters
When flu season arrives, it’s essential to take precautions. If not managed effectively, the flu can (8)
__________ into a widespread epidemic, putting vulnerable populations at risk. The (9) __________ of flu
cases can surge dramatically during peak season, leading to increased hospital visits and strain on healthcare
systems. It’s vital to stay informed and take preventative measures.
How to prevent the flu
• Get vaccinated: The flu vaccine is the most effective way to protect yourself and (10) __________. It’s
recommended to get vaccinated annually.
• Stay home when sick: If you experience flu (11, stay home to prevent spreading the virus to those around you.
• Follow guidelines: (12) __________ your health status, everyone should follow health guidelines to
minimize the risk of flu transmission.
Question 7. A. infection B. injury C. sickness D. ailment
Question 8. A. bring up B. take over C. break out D. call off
Question 9. A. number B. level C. amount D. quality
Question 10. A. other B. others C. another D. the other
Question 11. A. patterns B. features C. signals D. symptoms
Question 12. A. In view of B. Regardless of C. Rather than D. On account of
indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each
Question 13.
a. Anna: I mostly do Hatha yoga; it’s perfect for beginners and really focuses on breathing and relaxation.
b. Anna: I’ve started doing yoga every morning, and it’s amazing how much it helps with my stress levels.
c. Sarah: That sounds great! What kind of yoga do you practice?
A. a-c-b B. b-c-a C. c-b-a D. a-c-b
Question 14.
a. Michael: That’s true, and I think practicing with a native speaker could really help!
b. Kim: I know it can be challenging, but I heard that once you get the hang of the tones, it becomes easier.
c. Michael: I’ve been thinking about learning Chinese, but it seems so difficult with all the characters!
d. Michael: That sounds perfect! I’ll join you, and we can practice together.
e. Kim: Absolutely! I found some great online resources and language exchange partners.
A. c-b-a-d-e B. e-c-d-b-a C. d-b-a-c-e D. d-e-a-b-c
Question 15.
Hi Susan,
a. I hope you had a great time with everyone, and I promise to make it up to you soon.
b. Please forgive me for not being there. I’ve been overwhelmed with work and completely lost track of
time.
c. I feel terrible about missing your birthday party last weekend.
d. It was really irresponsible of me not to let you know earlier that I couldn’t make it.
e. Let’s catch up sometime this week if you’re free,
Alex
A. d-b-a-e-c B. b-e-a-d-c C. a-d-b-c-e D. c-a-d-b-e
Question 16.
a. Over the past few years, I’ve journeyed to various parts of the world, from the bustling streets of Tokyo to
the serene beaches of Bali.
b. My love for adventure and curiosity about different ways of life have fueled my desire to explore, making
each trip more rewarding than the last.
c. Traveling to new countries and experiencing diverse cultures has always been my greatest passion.
d. Each destination offers unique adventures, whether it’s sampling street food, exploring historical sites, or
connecting with locals who share their stories.
e. In conclusion, being a globetrotter not only enriches my life but also broadens my perspective, reminding
me of the beauty of our diverse world.
A. d-b-a-c-e B. a-b-c-d-e C. b-c-d-e-a D. c-a-d-b-e
Question 17.
a. Despite these issues, the allure of exploring new places and experiencing different cultures continues to
attract millions of travelers each year.
b. This surge in tourism has also encouraged local businesses, from restaurants to souvenir shops, to
flourish, thereby boosting the local economy.
c. However, with increased foot traffic comes challenges, such as overcrowding and strain on infrastructure.
d. Tourism has become a vital part of many economies around the world, offering countless opportunities
for growth and development.
 13

e. In recent years, popular destinations have seen a significant increase in visitors, leading to a vibrant
atmosphere filled with cultural exchanges.
A. d-b-c-a-e B. d-c-a-b-e C. d-a-e-b-c D. d-e-b-c-a
Read the following passage about humanoid robots and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Cristiano Ronaldo, one of the greatest football players of all time, (18) __________.
Born on February 5, 1985, in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, he showed exceptional talent from a young age. His
journey began at Sporting Lisbon, (19) __________. There, he developed into a formidable player, winning multiple
Premier League titles and the coveted UEFA Champions League.
During his time at Manchester United, Ronaldo developed into a world-class player, winning three Premier
League titles and the UEFA Champions League. He became known for his incredible speed and powerful shots,
qualities that made him a formidable opponent on the pitch. In 2009, he transferred to Real Madrid, where he broke
numerous records, including becoming the club’s all-time leading scorer. (20) _____
Possessing remarkable athleticism and a keen sense of strategy, (21) __________. His training regimen, which
includes intense workouts and a strict diet, ensures that he remains at peak performance. This dedication has allowed
him to adapt his playing style over the years, maintaining his relevance in an ever-evolving sport. Additionally,
Ronaldo’s ability to lead his teammates has earned him respect both on and off the field.
Beyond his football career, Ronaldo is a philanthropist who uses his platform to give back to the community.
(22) __________. His influence extends far beyond the pitch, making him a global icon and a role model for aspiring
athletes. Ultimately, Cristiano Ronaldo’s legacy is defined not only by his records but also by his commitment to
making a positive impact in the world.
Question 18.A. has made a significant impact on the sport B. impacting significantly on the sport
C. of whom significant impact on the sport D. that has his significant impact on the sport recognized
Question 19.A. refining his skills there before making the move to Manchester United in 2003
B. where he honed his skills before moving to Manchester United in 2003
C. aided him in polishing his skills before transferring to Manchester United in 2003
D. of which his skills were honed before signing with Manchester United in 2003
Question 20.
A. Young athletes have inspired Ronaldo to strengthen his relentless drive and work ethic
B. The relentless drive and work ethic of Ronaldo have forced many young fans to become footballers
C. Ronaldo’s relentless drive and work ethic have inspired many young athletes who aspire to follow his footsteps
D. Aiming to encourage young athletes to become footballers, Ronaldo trained hard and shared his experiences with
them.
Question 21.
A. The label of one of the all-time best players is attributed to Ronaldo
B. Experts consistently regard Ronaldo as one of the greatest players of all time
C. Achieving the title of the best player of all time is a simple feat for Ronaldo
D. Ronaldo consistently demonstrates why he is considered one of the best players of all time
Question 22.
A. Various charities would definitely struggle to support causes like children's hospitals and disaster relief efforts
without Ronaldo's contributions
B. His millions of dollars serve as an aid to causes like children's hospitals and disaster relief efforts
C. Spending millions of dollars, various charities can support causes such as children's hospitals and disaster relief
efforts on behalf of Ronaldo
D. He has donated millions of dollars to various charities, supporting causes such as children's hospitals and disaster
relief efforts
Read the following passage about endangered languages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
In an era marked by climate change and environmental degradation, adopting green living habits has become
increasingly vital. Green living refers to a lifestyle that seeks to minimize one's ecological footprint through conscious
choices in daily activities. This can include everything from reducing waste to conserving energy and using
sustainable products. As more individuals recognize the importance of preserving our planet, the movement toward
greener practices continues to gain momentum.
One of the most significant aspects of green living is its focus on sustainability. By choosing products that
are eco-friendly, consumers can support businesses that prioritize environmental responsibility. For instance,
using reusable bags, bottles, and containers reduces plastic waste and promotes a circular economy. Furthermore,
opting for locally sourced foods not only supports local farmers but also decreases the carbon emissions associated
with transportation.
When green living habits are adopted, they can lead to profound changes in our environment. By reducing
their energy consumption through the use of energy-efficient appliances, individuals help lower greenhouse gas
emissions. Consequently, this contributes to cleaner air and mitigates the effects of climate change. Moreover, by
practicing water conservation methods, such as fixing leaks and using low-flow fixtures, households can significantly
decrease water waste, promoting the sustainable use of this precious resource.
In conclusion, educating individuals about green living habits is crucial for promoting a more sustainable
future. Schools and community organizations can offer workshops and resources that highlight the benefits of eco-
 14

friendly practices. Additionally, social media campaigns can raise awareness and encourage people to share their
experiences with sustainable living. By empowering individuals to make informed choices, we can collectively work
toward a healthier planet for generations to come.
Question 23. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the green living practices?
A. Reducing waste B. Conserving energy
C. Composting organic waste D. Using sustainable products
Question 24. The word “vital” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.
A. imperfect B. inessential C. important D. crucial
Question 25. The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to _______.
A. green living habits B. profound changes C. individuals D. energy-efficient
appliances
Question 26. The word “empowering” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by _______.
A. prohibiting B. abandoning C. forbidding D. enabling
Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?
A. Opting for eco-friendly products may distract consumers from recognizing businesses that neglect environmental
responsibility.
B. By purchasing items that are harmful to the planet, consumers can inadvertently encourage businesses that do not
care about environmental issues.
C. When consumers select non-eco-friendly products, they undermine companies committed to environmental
responsibility.
D. Choosing eco-friendly products allows consumers to back businesses that emphasize environmental stewardship.
Question 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Green living exclusively focuses on reducing energy consumption and does not address waste management.
B. Using reusable products can contribute to a decrease in plastic waste and promote sustainability.
C. The movement toward greener practices has lost momentum as fewer individuals recognize the importance of
preserving the planet.
D. Teaching people about green living practices is not essential for promoting a sustainable future.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the writer mention a present casual relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the writer discuss methods for teaching people about eco-friendly living
practices?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
[I] In today's globalized world, cultural diversity has become a fundamental aspect of many societies. [II]
Many countries are experiencing increasing levels of migration. [III] With the rise of immigration and the blending of
traditions, people from various cultural backgrounds are now living side by side in cities across the globe. [IV]
One of the key advantages of cultural diversity is the richness it adds to a society. Different cultures introduce
unique perspectives, foods, languages, and traditions, which help people broaden their understanding of the world. In
schools and workplaces, cultural diversity fosters creativity and innovation, as individuals from different backgrounds
approach problems in novel ways. However, there are also challenges associated with living in culturally diverse
communities. Misunderstandings and communication barriers can arise when people are unfamiliar with each other's
customs and values. To address these issues, societies must encourage cultural sensitivity and create opportunities for
cross-cultural exchange.
Governments and institutions around the world are beginning to implement policies that promote inclusion and
respect for cultural differences. By celebrating diversity through events, education, and media representation,
communities can create environments where people feel valued regardless of their background. Ultimately,
embracing cultural diversity helps to build more peaceful and harmonious societies.
Question 31. Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?
This increasing diversity brings about both challenges and opportunities.
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 32. The word “novel” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by _______.
A. customary B. common C. original D. flexible
Question 33. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
A. society B. richness C. cultural diversity D. opportunity
Question 34. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT an advantage of cultural diversity?
A. Promoting innovation B. Enhancing creativity
C. Preventing misunderstandings D. Expanding perspectives
Question 35. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?
A. Governments are taking steps to ensure that cultural diversity is celebrated and respected.
B. Policies that promote inclusion are reducing the challenges caused by cultural diversity.
C. Celebrating cultural diversity creates more harmonious and peaceful societies.
D. Promoting cross-cultural exchange helps societies overcome the challenges of diversity.
Question 36. The word “harmonious” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.
A. adaptable B. hostile C. friendly D. freezing
 15

Question 37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Cultural diversity mainly benefits societies by creating job opportunities.
B. Misunderstandings in diverse communities arise due to unfamiliar customs.
C. Governments have not yet addressed the challenges posed by cultural diversity.
D. Cross-cultural exchange programs are unnecessary for promoting inclusion.
Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?
A. Celebrating diversity alone cannot solve the issues in culturally diverse communities.
B. Understanding cultural diversity fully is necessary for harmonious societies.
C. Misunderstandings will persist without education about different cultures.
D. Communities can create inclusive environments by encouraging cultural events and education.
Question 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Cultural diversity can be both an asset and a challenge for communities.
B. Governments are failing to address the complexities of cultural diversity.
C. Cultural sensitivity programs are ineffective in reducing communication barriers.
D. Increased immigration automatically leads to social harmony.
Question 40. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?
A. Embracing cultural diversity is easy for societies that celebrate traditions and language differences without the need
for cross-cultural exchange.
B. Immigration has led to challenges for societies that can only be solved by eliminating cultural differences.
C. Cultural diversity enriches societies by promoting new perspectives and innovation, but it also requires efforts to
overcome misunderstandings and communication barriers.
D. Governments should focus on reducing immigration to prevent the problems associated with cultural diversity.

ĐÁP ÁN
ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN ĐỀ MINH HOẠ SỐ 11
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
JOIN OUR CREATIVE WRITING WORKSHOP!
Do you have a passion for ___(1)___? Are you between 16 and 25 years old? Join our ___(2)___.
• ___(3)___ experience required
• Exciting weekly sessions
• Opportunity to publish your work
• Meet and learn from ___(4)___ authors. Register now ___(5)___ information.
• Email: writershub@literature.com
• Phone: 555-0234
• Address: 22 Inspiration Drive, Noveltown.
You’ll get to find great literature, meet fellow scribblers and build a writing habit, ___(6)___ your writing
journey to the next level. Why wait? Enroll in our writing workshop today!
Question 1. A. storyteller B. telling story C. storytelling D. teller of a story
Question 2. A. Creative Writing Workshop B. Workshop Writing Creative
C. Workshop Creative Writing D. Writing Creative Workshop
Question 3. A. Not B. No C. Neither D. Never
Question 4. A. renowning B. renown C. renowned D. renownedly
Question 5. A. or more B. with more C. no more D. for more
Question 6. A. that take B. that takes C. which take D. which takes
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
ANNOUNCEMENT OF SCHOOL SPORTS DAY
The School Athletics Department is pleased ___(7)___:
 All athletes ___(8)___ to report at the school field by 08:00 AM on June 10.
 Each team must prepare and submit their entry list for each event. Each athlete is allowed to participate
___(9)___ three events.
 The school will ___(10)___ trophies and medals for the winners in each category.
 ___(11)___ you have any inquiries regarding the event schedule or rules, please contact the Athletics
Department.
Typically, all the sports ___(12)___ are concluded by an award ceremony. After finishing all the activities,
custom awards, incentives, and more should be given to appreciate the competitors and encourage them to
improve.
Question 7. A. to be announced B. to announce C. be announcing D. announcing
Question 8. A. are expected B. who are expected C. expected D. who expected
Question 9. A. in maximum of B. in a maximum withC. in a maximum of D. in maximum
Question 10. A. conduct B. organize C. execute D. distribute
Question 11. A. Whenever B. If C. As D. Unless
Question 12. A. which you take part B. you take part in
C. that you take part D. you take part
 16

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
Question 13.
a. Also, volunteering makes students aware of the needs around them.
b. Finally, doing volunteer work helps students feel good about supporting others.
c. It is thought that high school students benefit from doing voluntary work in many ways.
d. Additionally, students develop such important skills as teamwork and communication.
e. It should be true. Firstly, students who do voluntary work gain valuable real-world experience.
A. c-a-b-d-e B. e-c-a-b-d C. e-a-c-b-d D. c-e-a-d-b
Question 14.
a. Engaging in hobbies and personal interests can have a profound impact on overall well-being.
b. These activities provide a much-needed break from the routine of daily life.
c. Dear Sam, I've been reflecting on our discussion about balancing work and personal life.
d. Hobbies also allow for personal growth and skill development.
e. Gardening, painting, or playing a musical instrument can foster creativity and boost self-esteem.
A. c-b-d-a-e B. c-e-b-d-a C. c-d-e-b-a D. c-a-b-d-e
Question 15. To whom it may concern,
a. I look forward to your reply and a resolution to my problem.
b. I will wait until Apr 30 before I contact a consumer protection agency or get other help.
c. Please contact me by phone at 09838506xx.
d. On Apr 1, I bought an electric rice cooker at your store on Van Kiep St.
e. Unfortunately, your product has not performed well so far. My rice always smells burnt.
f. To resolve the problem, I would like an exchange of a new cooker. I have enclosed the copies of my
receipt.
Sincerely,
CYAH
A. f-e-d-c-a-b B. d-f-e-a-c-b C. c-a-b-f-d-e D. d-e-f-b-c-a
Question 16.
a. Natasha: Do you speak English? b. Celine: 2 months.
c. Natasha: Excuse me, are you American? d. Celine: A little, but not very well.
e. Natasha: How long have you been here? f. Celine: No. I’m a French.
A. c-f-a-d-e-b B. f-e-d-c-a-b C. c-a-b-f-d-e D. d-f-e-a-c-b
Question 17.
a. No, sorry. I don’t know.
b. I think I can take the subway to the airport. Do you know where the subway is?
c. I’m looking for the airport. Can you tell me how to get there?
d. Hi Michael. e. Oh, I see it now. Thanks.
f. No problem. g. Hi Amy. What’s up?
h. Across the street.
A. d-g-c-f-e-a-h-b B. b-a-c-h-f-e-g-d C. a-b-c-d-f-e-h-g D. d-g-c-a-b-h-e-f
Read the following passage about reading skill and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22
Reading is an essential skill that enhances our cognitive abilities in many ways. Firstly, it improves
our language skills. When we read, we learn new words and understand how they are used in context,
___(18)___. This helps in expanding our vocabulary and improving our communication skills. Secondly,
reading boosts our imagination and creativity. ___(19)___, it takes us to different worlds and situations we
might not experience in real life. This stimulates our creativity and helps us think outside the box. Thirdly,
regular reading enhances our concentration and focus. It requires us to pay attention to details and follow
complex narratives, ___(20)___. Additionally, reading provides us with knowledge about various subjects
and cultures. It allows us to gain insights into ___(21)___. This broadens our perspective and helps us
become more empathetic and understanding. Finally, reading is a great way to relax and de-stress. It can be
a form of escapism, where we can lose ourselves in a story and forget about our daily worries, which
provides a much-needed break for us. In conclusion, reading is not just a leisure activity. It plays a
significant role in our cognitive development, helping us to ___(22)___. Therefore, it's important to cultivate
a habit of reading from a young age.
Question 18.A. which improve our language skills B. makes it easier to improve our language
C. it improves our language skills D. improving our language skills
Question 19.A. Reads interesting stories B. When we read interesting stories
C. Having read interesting stories D. To read interesting stories
Question 20.A. to keep our minds sharp B. keep our minds sharp
C. keeping our minds sharp D. keeps our minds sharp
Question 21.A. the lives and experiences of people from diverse backgrounds
B. people from diverse backgrounds and their experiences
C. diverse backgrounds of people's lives and experiences
D. experiences and lives of people from diverse backgrounds
 17

Question 22.A. improve mentally and emotionally B. mentally and emotionally improve
C. improving mentally and emotionally D. be improved mentally and emotionally
Read the following passage about human life expectancy and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Nomophobia, short for "no-mobile-phone phobia," is a modern phenomenon that affects many people
in today's digital age.
What is nomophobia? It is the irrational fear of being without one's mobile phone or being unable to
use it. This condition can cause anxiety and distress, and it highlights the profound impact mobile devices
have on our lives. The fear of losing or being separated from one's phone is a growing concern. Some
common situations that trigger nomophobia include misplacing one's phone, running out of battery, or losing
network signal. The fear intensifies when people imagine not having their phones to contact friends and
family, access the internet, or use GPS for navigation.
Who easily suffers from nomophobia? Nomophobia is not limited to any age group and can affect
individuals of all backgrounds. It often becomes evident when people experience panic or anxiety when
they forget their phones at home or are unable to use them temporarily. Symptoms may include restlessness,
rapid heartbeat, sweating, and a sense of insecurity.
The roots of nomophobia lie in the convenience and connectedness that mobile phones provide.
These devices have become integral to our daily lives, serving as not just communication tools but also
cameras, entertainment hubs, personal organizers, and more. This dependence on mobile phones can lead to
a feeling of vulnerability when separated from them.
Question 23. Which of the following is not mentioned as nomophobia?
A. The irrational fear of being unable to afford a mobile phone.
B. The irrational fear of not bringing along at least a mobile phone.
C. The irrational fear of being unable to operate a mobile phone.
D. The irrational fear of not being with a mobile phone.
Question 24. The word “anxiety” is OPPOSITE in paragraph 2 in meaning to _____.
A. carelessness B. meaninglessness C. fearlessness D. uselessness
Question 25. The pronoun “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. the irrational fear B. distress C. the mobile phone D. the digital age
Question 26. The word “vulnerability” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. loss B. sickness C. weaknesses D. depression
Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3.
A. Only some people can avoid nomophobia while others easily get stuck in it.
B. Nomophobia affects everyone in the world, but some people can easily get over it.
C. Hardly anyone remains unaffected by nomophobia.
D. Naturally, everyone is easily immune to nomophobia.
Question 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 2?
A. Nomophobia is so dangerous that people should stop using mobile phones to avoid it.
B. People do not use their phones to contact others, access the internet, or use GPS for navigation.
C. Before the first mobile phone was invented, human beings had not been affected by nomophobia.
D. People in today's cyberworld shouldn’t bring along a mobile phone to avoid nomophobia.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the writer mention the cause of nomophobia?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the writer mention the fear of being without mobile phones?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about education in Nepal and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Fashion in the 1960s reflected the cultural and political upheaval of the time. The hippie and
counterculture movement gave rise to accessories like Pocahontas-style headbands and medallions worn
around the neck. Hippies wore long, loosely fitting clothing, often in natural fabrics. Hemlines rose as Mary
Quant popularized the miniskirt and hot pants in her lines for JC Penney. And mod fashion, with brightly
colored space-age geometric patterns, shift dresses and colored tights became the mainstream. Both
miniskirts and mod-shift dresses were worn with knee-high go-go boots.
[A] During the 1970s, the loose-fitting hippie clothes of the prior decade gave way to exotic fabrics
and bell-bottom jeans for men and women. Hemlines continued to rise and hot pants continued their
popularity, reflecting the flashy style of the decade. However, the 1970s also saw the popularity of a longer
hemline, from mid-calf to ankle-length. [B] Women wore peasant-style clothing, especially blouses with off-
the-shoulder necklines and lace trim, with their jeans or skirts. [C] Disco fashion emerged, featuring bright
patterns and tightly fitting clothing meant to show off the body. Platform shoes elevated their wearer, male
or female, anywhere from two to four inches or more. [D]
The 1980s saw another fashion upheaval. Angst-ridden punks wore Dr. Marten and steel-toed army
boots, chains, tartan patterns, and bondage pants. Punks focused more on their hair during this period, dying,
teasing and chopping their hair into asymmetric styles that seemed to defy gravity. Women—and men—
experimented with heavy eyeliner in a variety of colors. Women wore neon colors, jelly shoes, tight jeans,
leggings, leg warmers and oversized sweatshirts. Menswear-inspired looks also became popular for both
 18

sexes. Men wore ‘power suits,’ named so for their price, which made these suits a reflection of the wealth of
the wearer. Women’s jackets featured big shoulder pads that made the shoulders appear higher and larger,
similar to the male silhouette.
1990’s fashion was far more subdued than the garish, wild styles of the 1980s. Bands like Nirvana
influenced the grunge look, which featured rock-concert tee shirts under plaid flannel shirts, jeans and long,
greasy hair. Overalls were worn by both sexes, either with one or both shoulder straps unhooked. The punk
style of the 1870s and 1980s evolved into the goth fashion trend, which featured black clothing, black boots
and studded bracelets in the style of bands like Nine Inch Nails and Marilyn Manson.
Question 31. Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The influences of fashion on young people B. Projected fashion trends in the next decades
C. The greatest fashion models of all times D. Fashion trends over four decades
Question 32. The phrase “gave rise to” in paragraph 1 mostly means ______.
A. drew the attention to B. provided budget for
C. made up for D. caused the appearance of
Question 33. The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. hemlines’ B. hot pants’ C. bell-bottom jeans’ D. fabrics’
Question 34. The word “elevated” in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
A. lifted B. beautified C. supported D. enlightened
Question 35. Where does the following sentence best fit?
Embroidered clothing became especially popular with this trend.
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
Question 36. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in
paragraph 3?
A. Such was the popularity of menswear that both sexes were inspired to make themselves look exactly the
same.
B. Men had so great inspiration to the popular clothes of women that both sexes share the same kind of
garments.
C. Both men and women liked to wear clothes that drew inspiration from menswear.
D. Women and men were inspired to wear the popular clothing of the opposite sex.
Question 37. Which of the following is best supported by the author of the passage?
A. The more civilized society is, the more wilderness-oriented fashion styles become.
B. The more modern the society is, the more similar to each other menswear and womenswear become.
C. The more developed society becomes, the more simplified fashion gets.
D. Fashion in each decade reflected major changes in culture and politics of that corresponding time period.
Question 38. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of “power suits”?
A. They were worn by both genders. B. They represented the wealth of the wearers.
C. They were very costly. D. Their price reflects the status of the wearers.
Question 39. What can be inferred from accessories like Pocahontas-style headbands?
A. They were not aligned with the cultural convention at the time.
B. They were prepared by the Indian Americans.
C. They were not popular at that time.
D. They remained popular until the 1980s.
Question 40. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Punks in the 1970s adopted asymmetric hair styles that seemed to defy gravity.
B. Fashion in the 1990’s was generally gentler and quieter than that of the 1980’s.
C. Fashion in the 1960’s was dominated by unisex exotic fabrics and bell-bottom jeans.
D. Punk in the 1870s and 1980s adopted goth fashion trend featuring black clothing, black boots.
ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN ĐỀ MINH HOẠ SỐ 12
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
133 TUITION
Do you love children? We need some tutors ___(1)___ students aged 6 and 9 at 133 Duong Ba Trac, Ward
1, District 8 this summer.
 You will work with children full of ___(2)___.
 Good appearance is needed. Don't worry ___(3)___ you have tutored before.
 ___(4)___.
How ___(5)___? Our tutors must provide ___(6)___ IDs and criminal records, and they must pass our
rigorous application process. If you want to know more about our process, please visit us at
www.hcmc......vn.
Question 1. A. who to assist B. be able to assist C. able to assist D. who is able to assist
Question 2. A. energy B. energetically C. energetic D. energizer
Question 3. A. unless B. that C. about D. if
Question 4. A. Working hours flexibility B. Working flexible hours
C. Flexibly working hours D. Flexible working hours
Question 5. A. you’re applying B. you apply C. will apply D. to apply
 19

Question 6. A. us for B. with us C. us with D. for us

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
ANNOUNCEMENT OF CHINESE SPEAKING CONTEST
The (7) ___ would like to announce:
 We ___(7)___ a Chinese Speaking Competition on June 01.
 All students ___(8)___ in speaking Chinese can take part in this exciting contest!
 Express your ideas confidently, ___(9)___ you build your self-assurance in using Chinese.
 Get ready to share your thoughts ___(10)___ our friendly atmosphere.
 Keep an eye out for more details ___(11)___ to participate in the contest!
Question 7. A. school youth union B. young union school
C. school young union D. youth union school
Question 8. A. have hosted B. are hosting C. had hosted D. would host
Question 9. A. interested B. interest C. uninteresting D. interesting
Question 10. A. that helps B. that help C. which help D. which helps
Question 11. A. please enjoy B. and enjoy C. but enjoy D. just enjoy
Question 12. A. on how B. to how C. at how D. in how
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
Question 13.
a. Finally, difficulties in communication and forming genuine connections due to social media and
technology dependence are common among teens.
b. Additionally, cyberbullying and online harassment present significant challenges in the digital age.
c. Teens often face various social challenges.
d. Firstly, peer pressure can lead to risky behaviors such as substance abuse, smoking, or involvement in
harmful activities.
e. Moreover, mental health issues, including anxiety and depression, are prevalent among teenagers due to
academic stress or social pressures.
A. c – d – e – b – a B. d – e – b – a – c C. d – b – e – a – c D. c – d – b – e – a
Question 14.
a. Also, when we do chores like sweeping or washing dishes, we're moving our bodies, which is good for
our health.
b. Dear Mike, I hope you are well! I've been thinking about why it’s important for children to share the
household chores with their parents.
c. Sharing the household chores is really a good way to help us have more time to do fun things together.
d. Firstly, it helps keep our home tidy and clean, making it a nicer place to live.
e. Additionally, children learn to be responsible and take care of our things when they help with tasks at
home.
f. Best wishes.
A. b-a-d-e-c-f B. b-e-d-a-c-f C. b-d-a-e-c-f D. b-c-a-e-d-f
Question 15. Dear Mr. Francis,
a. Additionally, revenue streams have increased more than 60 percent over the five years I have been part of
The Whitney team.
b. I have been following the recent growth of the business after the launch of your new apartment complex
in Queens. I am writing to express my sincere interest in working with the property management team at
RAP Properties.
c. I have a proven record of managing 100 plus unit apartment complexes, supervising employees, preparing
budgets, processing applications, and working closely with residents and maintenance, security, and
professional personnel to ensure clean, safe, and properly run properties.
d. I am excited to discuss further how my qualifications could benefit RAP Properties and hope that you can
add my name to your list of potential candidates for future property management positions. Thank you so
much for your time and consideration.
e. I have several years of professional property management experience at The Whitney Apartments and am
confident that my skills and abilities would be a great asset to RAP Properties. During the entirety of my
role as a property manager at The Whitney Apartments, I have had zero vacancies and steady positive
approval ratings from both residents and senior management.
Kind regards,
Maggie Lynch
A. a-b-e-c-d B. a-c-d-b-e C. b-e-a-c-d D. d-c-a-e-b
Question 16. At an ATM …
a. Mike: Click on whichever option you want, and you're done.
b. Mike: What's stopping you?
c. Mike: Slide your card into the machine and type your PIN in.
d. Carol: Then what?
e. Carol: I need to use the ATM.
 20

f. Carol: What do I have to do?

A. f-c-d-a-e-b B. a-e-b-f-c-d C. c-d-a-e-b-f D. e-b-f-c-d-a
Question 17. At a florist’s …
a. A: How much are the roses? b. B: Yes, they're on sale today.
c. B: Splendid. Will there be anything else? d. B: $20 per dozen.
e. B: I'm sure your wife will love them. f. A: I need some flowers for my wife. It's her birthday.
g. A: I'll take a dozen. h. B: Very well. We have some fresh red roses.
i. A: No, the roses will be fine. j. A: That sounds like a good deal.
A. e-f-i-j-c-a-b-d-h-g B. h-g-d-b-a-e-i-j-f-c C. a-b-e-f-c-d-j-i-g-h D. f-h-a-d-j-b-g-c-i-e
Read the following passage about gender equality and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22
EXPLORING PATHS AFTER SCHOOL
Finishing high school is a big step ___(18)___. There are various paths to choose from after leaving school,
and each one offers unique opportunities. Some students decide to continue their studies at universities.
Universities have many subjects to learn, like science, art, or business. They offer degrees that can lead to
exciting careers. This option allows students to dive deeper into subjects they are passionate about. For
others, vocational training is a great choice. Vocational training focuses on specific skills that are important
in jobs like mechanics, cooking, or healthcare. It gives practical knowledge and ___(19)___. Another option
is ___(20)___. These colleges offer courses that are practical and also give the chance to move to bigger
universities later. They are a good starting point for many students.
Apprenticeships are great for those who like to learn while working. This option gives hands-on experience
in fields such as engineering, culinary arts, or information technology. It not only facilitates the acquisition
of comprehensive knowledge and advanced skills but also enables individuals to gain valuable experience
and ___(21)___.
In recent times, online courses have become very popular. These courses offer flexibility ___(22)___. They
cover a wide range of subjects and give access to education no matter where someone lives.
In conclusion, there are many paths available after finishing school. Each path has its advantages and can
lead to a bright future. It's important for school leavers to explore these options and choose the one that suits
them best.
Question 18.A. what opens many doors for young people B. that open many doors for young people
C. opening many doors for young people D. opens many doors for young people
Question 19.
A. promptly prepare students for the workforce. B. preparation students to swiftly enter the job market.
C. prepares students for work right away D. preparing students for immediate employment
Question 20.A. enrolling in community college B. to enroll in community college
C. enroll in community college D. enrolled in community college
Question 21.A. a sustainable income simultaneous B. a sustainable income simultaneously
C. an income sustainable simultaneously D. a simultaneously sustainable income
Question 22.A. as students can study from home B. because of students can study from home
C. if students can study from home D. though students can study from home
Read the following passage about human life expectancy and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
An engine is a machine that creates mechanical motion from energy. In order to do this, an engine
frequently requires some type of fuel to burn. Nowadays, many engines are used to power cars and other
forms of transportation. These vehicles most commonly have an internal combustion engine and rely upon
gasoline for power. However, there are several types of engines that can use alternative energy sources.
Many people are trying to switch to them because gasoline, which is a fossil fuel, creates pollution and is
also a non-renewable resource.
These days, engines that are able to burn biofuels are somewhat common. Biofuels are fuels that are
made from biological material, such as corn, soybeans, and sugarcane. These biofuels burn cleanly, so they
produce much less pollution than fossil fuels. In some countries, such as Brazil, cars with biofuel engines are
standard. In fact, most of the cars in Brazil have engines that can operate on either gasoline or biofuel.
A second type of alternative engine is the electric engine. Cars with electric engines have been
common for decades. Most are being used in hybrid cars at the moment. These are vehicles that have both a
gasoline-powered engine and an electric one. In many cases, the gasoline-powered engine is used to operate
the car at high speeds on expressways. The electric engine is utilised for city driving. One benefit of hybrid
cars is that as the gasoline-powered engine runs, it simultaneously recharges the electric engine.
A third type of alternative engine is the hydrogen engine. It utilises hydrogen fuel cells, which
convert hydrogen into electricity that can power the car These days, there are many cars and buses that rely
upon hydrogen engines. However, there are some problems associated with this type of engine. The
hydrogen used in the engine must be processed from other materials, and it is also difficult to store. As a
result, vehicles that run on hydrogen are expensive.
Alternative energy sources create less pollution and are often renewable sources of energy. It is
hoped that more and more innovations help the use of alternative energy sources become easier and easier.
Question 23. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text above as renewable energy?
 21

A. Electricity B. Biofuel C. Gasoline D. Hydrogen

Question 24. The phrase “alternative energy sources” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _____.
A. Hybrid engines B. Fossil fuels C. Biological fuels D. Electric engines
Question 25. The word “recharges” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. repels B. retreats C. refreshes D. resumes
Question 26. The author uses corn, soybeans, and sugarcane as examples of _______.
A. crops that are grown in Brazil B. biological materials that grow quickly
C. things that can be turned into biofuels D. plants that can be eaten by people
Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5?
A. Alternative sources of energy can be used up and cause contamination.
B. Alternative sources of energy are limited but cause no pollution.
C. Alternative sources of energy are unlimited and hardly cause pollution.
D. Alternative sources of energy are never used up but cause contamination.
Question 28. What is True about a hybrid car?
A. It has one engine producing electricity while the other runs on gasoline.
B. It has one engine running on gasoline while the other runs on electricity.
C. It runs on electricity and produces gasoline at the same time.
D. It runs on both gasoline and electricity at the same time.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the writer mention the engines running on H2.
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the writer mention cars running on biofuel and gasoline?
A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5
Read the following passage about managing change and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Managing change means managing people's fear. Change is natural and good, but people's reaction
to change is unpredictable and can be irrational. It can be managed if done right.
Nothing is as upsetting to your people as change. Nothing has greater potential to cause failures, loss
of production, or falling quality of work. Yet nothing is as important to the survival of your organization as
change. History is full of examples of organizations that failed to change and are now extinct. The secret to
successfully managing change, from the perspective of the employees, is definition and understanding.
Resistance to change comes from a fear of the unknown or an expectation of loss. The front end of
an individual's resistance to change is how they perceive the change. The back end is how well they are
equipped to deal with the change they expect.
An individual's degree of resistance to change is determined by whether they perceive the
change as good or bad, and how severe they expect the impact of the change to be on them. Their
ultimate acceptance of the change is a function of how much resistance the person has and the quality of
their coping skills and their support system.
If you move an employee's desk six inches, they may not notice or care. Yet if the reason you moved
it those six inches was to fit in another worker in an adjacent desk, there may be high resistance to the
change. It depends on whether the original employee feels the hiring of an additional employee is a threat to
his job or perceives the hiring as bringing in some needed assistance.
A promotion is usually considered a good change. However, an employee who doubts their ability to
handle the new job may strongly resist the promotion. They will give you all kinds of reasons for not
wanting the promotion, just not the real one.
You might expect a higher-level employee to be less concerned about being laid off because they
have savings and investments to support them during a job search. However, the individual may feel they
are overextended and that a job search will be long and complicated. Conversely, your concern for a low-
income employee being laid off may be unfounded if they have stashed a nest egg in anticipation of the cut.
Your best salesperson may balk at taking on new, high-potential account because they have an
irrational feeling that they don't dress well enough.
If you try and bulldoze this resistance, you will fail. [A] The employee whose desk you had to move
will develop production problems. [B] The top worker who keeps declining the promotion may quit rather
than have to continue making up excuses for turning you down. [C] And the top salesperson's sales may
drop to the point that you stop considering them for the new account. [D]
Question 31. Which of the following best serves as the title for the passage?
A. Failing to change: Planning to fail B. Managing change: Managing fear
C. Tips for laying off employees without resistance D. Managing people in the time of change
Question 32. The word “perceive” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. understand B. employ C. present D. perform
Question 33. The word “their” in paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A. an employee’s B. a new job’s C. a promotion D. a change’s
Question 34. The word “bulldoze” in paragraph 8 mostly means ______.
A. encourage B. receive C. suppress D. ignore
Question 35. Where does the following sentence best fit?
Instead, you overcome the resistance by defining the change and by getting a mutual understanding.
 22

A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]

Question 36. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in
paragraph 4?
A. The more determination the employee has, the more resistant he or she is when dealing with the serious
impact that the change has on him or her.
B. It is the employee’s perception of the change itself and the influence the change may exert on them that
decide their reaction to change.
C. A person will resist to change until the level that the severity of the effects caused by the change gets
beyond his or her determination.
D. No matter how determined an employee may be, they are unable to resist to the change that has too
severe effects on them.
Question 37. Which of the following is True about change?
A. The organisations that have been inflexible to change can sustain during the course of time.
B. Change is of little importance to the survival and development of an organisation.
C. Change itself is not problematic but it is the way people react to change that causes problems.
D. Most of the employers keep changes a secret and will not easily tell employees of the changes.
Question 38. What are the two things that employees should bear in mind when managing change?
A. Defining it and understand it B. Expecting it and combatting it
C. Predicting it and resisting it D. Perceiving it and expecting it
Question 39. Why does the author mention moving an employee’s desk?
A. To highlight the need of change in the workplace
B. To show how this action can be perceived differently
C. To explain that most employees don’t welcome change
D. To show how small a change may be
Question 40. Who would most probably be the target readers of the passage?
A. Employees B. Psychologists C. Reformers D. Employers

ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN ĐỀ MINH HOẠ SỐ 13

Read the following article and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
The term 'personal development' is often connected with activities like dieting or exercise, or perhaps
learning a (1) ______. But while these things are undoubtedly important, there are many other (2) ______
skills which are often overlooked. Academic or cognitive skills (3) ______ critical thinking, memorisation
and creativity are important, as are (4) ______ and emotional skills like friendliness, positive thinking, and
self-esteem.
(5) ______ skills not to be neglected include self-control, time management, and finding a balanced
life. The important thing is to (6) ______ a 'holistic approach' to personal development, meaning you should
aim to develop yourself as a whole person rather than focusing on one aspect of yourself at the expense of
the others.
(Adapted from C21 Smart)
Question 1. A. new programme computer B. programme new computer
C. new computer programme D. computer programme new
Question 2. A. worthwhile B. potential C. meaningful D. ordinary
Question 3. A. in place of B. such as C. regardless of D. at least
Question 4. A. sociable B. society C. socially D. social
Question 5. A. Other B. The others C. Others D. Another
Question 6. A. make B. give C. lead D. take
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Here are some ways to help reduce global warming. Which of these do you regularly do?
- Don't use private cars. Your willingness (7) ______ or cycle to nearby places can help reduce your own
carbon footprint.
- Make a decision to reduce, recycle, and reuse. Reduce waste by buying reusable products. Don't forget
to recycle plastics, glass, and paper products. You may wish to reuse some of your old items to (8) ______,
too. Take unneeded items (9) ______ a recycling centre.
- Plant trees. Plants and trees are nature's lungs. They produce the oxygen we breathe. They also can shade
your home, (10) ______ it cooler so you don't need to run your air conditioners as much.
- Buy local goods. When you buy goods imported from far-away places, it takes a large (11) ______ of
energy to transport them to your area. This means that if you don't buy local food and products, then more
(12) ______ of carbon dioxide will happen during the transportation process.
(Adapted from English Discovery)
Question 7. A. to walk B. walking C. to walking D. walk
Question 8. A. make out B. turn out C. help out D. find out
Question 9. A. with B. for C. at D. to
 23

Question 10. A. which make B. made C. to make D. making

Question 11. A. level B. amount C. degree D. number
Question 12. A. scales B. emissions C. portions D. purposes
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.
Question 13.
a. Mai: No, I don't. Shall we do something together?
b. Ann: Do you have any plans for this Saturday evening?
c. Ann: Yes, let's. How about going to a music show? Let me check the weekend programme at the Modern
Arts Centre.
(Adapted from Global Success)
A. b – c – a B. c – b – a C. b – a – c D. a – b – c
Question 14.
a. Nam: Yes, we should all have these basic life skills to be adults.
b. Nam: Because doing housework helps them develop life skills.
c. Anna: It's true. Life skills such as cooking, cleaning, or taking care of others are really necessary for kids
when they grow up.
d. Anna: Thank you for sharing your idea. It's very useful for my project.
e. Anna: Why do you think children should do housework?
(Adapted from Global Success)
A. e – b – c – a – d B. e – b – d – a – c C. d – a – e – b – c D. d – b – c – e – a
Question 15.
Hi Jack,
a. I think we should try to help our parents because it's not fair for them to do everything.
b. I make my bed every day and clean my room twice a week, which makes my parents happy.
c. I'm sorry to hear that you're so busy with your studies and have too many chores to do.
d. I am very busy with school and other activities, too, but I still help around the house.
e. It's true that we don't have much free time, but doing a few chores doesn't take long.
Talk to you soon!
Ryan
(Adapted from Bright)
A. a – e – c – d – b B. c – e – a – d – b C. d – a – c – e – c D. e – a – c – d – b
Question 16.
a. There are songs for special occasions, such as moving into a new home, and songs with stories about the
history of the Muờng.
b. In modern life, many of the Mường people still make their clothes themselves.
c. The Muong people have their own style of music and they play the gong, one of the traditional musical
instruments of the Mường culture.
d. They need to be very creative, talented, and patient because their clothes have colourful patterns on them,
which are difficult to make and take a lot of skill and time.
e. The Mường people are proud of their traditions and culture.
(Adapted from Bright)
A. e – a – c – b – d B. c – a – e – d – b C. a – c – d – b – e D. b – d – c – a – e
Question 17.
a. The way they come together and help each other is a real inspiration, and something I think a lot of us
here have forgotten.
b. But I was also amazed at how positively people go about their everyday lives.
c. It was the month when I volunteered at a hospital in Africa that changed my life.
d. I was introduced to a world that is very different to mine in so many ways.
e. I was horrified at how poor so many of the families over there are and how difficult their lives can be.
(Adapted from THINK)
A. c – d – e – b – a B. d – a – e – a – b C. c – e – d – b – a D. d – e – b – a – c
Read the following passage about adolescence and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Adolescence is a difficult time for both parents and teenagers as it is a period of physical, social and
emotional change. Physically, as a dependent pre-teen child, (18) _______. In general, emotionally and
socially, adolescents like you are experiencing profound changes in terms of freedom, privacy, interests,
decisions and opinions.
First, you want more freedom to choose who to see and when. (19) _______. Now you want to spend
some more time on your own. Second, your parents made most decisions before adolescence. But now you
want to decide things for yourselves. You hate being told what to do all the time. Above all, adolescents
have strong opinions and are idealistic. (20) _______. You feel you have all the answers while adults don't.
All these perfectly normal changes will affect teenagers' relationship with their parents. (21)
_______? Firstly, let your parents know that you still love and value them. Secondly, try to agree to rules
and boundaries and prove to be dependable. Keep your words and stick to rules. Thirdly, (22) _______.
 24

Show your parents that you are capable of an independent life by taking care of your own school work and
maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Finally, it's all about communication! Keep talking to your parents.
(Adapted from Friends Global)
Question 18.
A. on which the transformation into an independent young adult triggers
B. totally changed into an independent young adult
C. you are being transformed into an independent young adult
D. that the transition to an independent young adult finally occurs
Question 19.A. Being in the company of your parents, you are thrilled
B. You used to be most happy in the company of your parents
C. You felt delighted without the company of your parents
D. The company of your parents hardly satisfied you
Question 20.
A. You see the world differently, develop your own views and your own sense of right or wrong
B. Seeing the world differently, your own views and your own sense of right or wrong are developed
C. While you have developed your own views and your own sense of right or wrong, you now adopt a
different viewpoint on the world
D. Your own views and your own sense of right or wrong are developed so that the way you see the world
changes
Question 21.
A. But as adolescents, how do you struggle to get on well with your parents
B. So what should parents do to create a harmonious atmosphere in the family
C. But what if adolescents try to maintain a good relationship with their parents
D. So what can you, as adolescents, do to stay on good terms with your parents
Question 22.
A. having tried to see why your behaviour angers your parents
B. try to understand why they might be irritated by your behaviour
C. if you try to figure out why your parents are furious at your behaviour
D. understand why they are trying to be annoyed by your behaviour
Read the following passage about tourist graffiti and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 23 to 30.
People in China were angry and there was a big hunt to find the person responsible for the graffiti in
Chinese on a 3,500-year-old monument in Luxor. The message wasn't very imaginative but basically 'Ding
Jinhao was here', so Internet users easily found this particular Ding Jinhao, a teenager in Nanjing. His
parents then told a local newspaper that their son was sorry for his actions.
It is a serious crime to write on a historic monument in Egypt. But in the past, people could write on
monuments and no one was angry about it. At Giza there is an example of graffiti on a temple wall from
1244 BC. It says 'Hadnakhte came to make an excursion and amuse himself on the west of the Memphis,
together with his brother, Panakhti'.
In Roman times, one of the first Egyptologists, Giovanni Belzoni, was the first modern man to enter
the pyramid of Khafre. Inside the pyramid today you can read his text celebrating the discovery. Later, in the
second half of the 19th century, Europeans could travel around the world, and they could climb to the top of
the Great Pyramid. There was graffiti in just about every language up there.
Luckily, it wasn't difficult to make Ding Jinhao's graffiti disappear. But China's National
Tourism Administration is right to advise all tourists to act in a civilised way.
(Adapted from Move On)
Question 23. As stated in paragraph 1, Chinese citizens were angry because .
A. there was a big hunt at a monument in Luxor B. they saw the graffiti on an ancient monument
C. a teenager committed a violent crime D. the graffiti artist didn’t feel sorry for his actions
Question 24. The word imaginative in paragraph 1 can be best replaced by .
A. creative B. terrible C. unclear D. inspiring
Question 25. The word it in paragraph 1 refers to .
A. a historic monument B. an example of graffiti C. writing on monuments D. a temple wall
Question 26. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. It was fortunate that Ding Jinhao’s graffiti was simple to remove.
B. Fortunately, erasing Ding Jinhao's graffiti was easier than expected.
C. It was fortunate that Ding Jinhao's graffiti was nearly possible to erase.
D. Luckily, Ding Jinhao’s graffiti became less visible thanks to efforts.
Question 27. The word civilised in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
A. normal B. unacceptable C. fair D. dangerous
Question 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Ding Jinhao was identified online, and his actions were publicly criticized.
B. Writing on an ancient monument was regarded as a serious crime in Egypt.
C. Giovanni Belzoni’s writing in the pyramid of Khafre is hardly noticeable today.
D. The top of the Great Pyramid is now covered with writing in almost every language.
 25

Question 29. In which paragraph does the author mention a contrast relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2C. Paragraph D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the author mention the outcome of a situation?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about a cycling revolution in India and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 40.
Nibha Kumari, a resident of Bihar, India’s poorest state, recalls how a bicycle transformed her life
when she turned 15. For two years, six days a week, she cycled two hours daily from home to school and
coaching classes and back, using a bicycle provided by the state government. “If I didn’t have a cycle, I
don’t think I could have finished high school. It changed my life,” says Nibha, now 27.
A new peer-reviewed study published in Journal of Transport Geography reveals remarkable insights
about school-going children and cycling in rural India. The study by Srishti Agrawal, Adit Seth and Rahul
Goel found that the most notable rise in cycling in India had occurred among rural girls - increasing more
than two times from 4.5% in 2007 to 11% in 2017 - reducing the gender gap in the activity. “This is a silent
revolution. We call it a revolution because cycling levels increased among girls in a country which has high
levels of gender inequality in terms of female mobility outside the home, in general, and for cycling, in
particular,” says Ms Agrawal.
[I] State-run free bicycle distribution schemes since 2004 have targeted girls, who had higher school
dropout rates than boys due to household chores and exhausting long walks. [II] This approach isn’t unique
to India - evidence from countries like Colombia, Kenya, Malawi and Zimbabwe also shows that bicycles
effectively boost girls' school enrolment and retention. [III] Cycling to school in rural areas doubled over
the decade, while in urban areas, it remained steady. Indian city roads are notoriously unsafe, with low urban
cycling to school linked to poor traffic safety and more cars on the road. [IV]
American suffragist Susan B Anthony famously said that the bicycle “has done more to emancipate
women than anything else in the world. It gives women a feeling of freedom and self- reliance".
Researchers wonder if women cycle less as they age due to shrinking job opportunities and workforce
dropout. Nibha stopped cycling after marriage and moving to her in-laws' home. While she still travels
outside the house as she trains to become a teacher, when asked about her commute, she simply says, "I
don't need the cycle anymore."
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news)
Question 31. The word It in paragraph 1 refers to .
A. high school B. a cycle C. state government D. life
Question 32. The word reveals in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A. discloses B. assesses C. opposes D. controls
Question 33. According to paragraph 2, a sharp rise in cycling rates among schoolgirls in India indicates
that
A. a revolution in cycling is about to happen B. gender inequality is a pressing issue in India
C. the gender gap in cycling has been narrowed D. female mobility is limited in certain ways
Question 34. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?
A. A study shows rural girls’ cycling in India doubled, reducing the gender gap in mobility
B. A study demonstrates how cycling has transformed the way Indian girls go to school
C. A study illustrates that cycling in India rose despite high levels of gender inequality
D. A study clarifies the positive effects of cycling on both boys and girls in India
Question 35. Where in paragraph 3 does the following sentence best fit?
But the scale here is unmatched.
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 36. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Gender inequality regarding female cycling is still extremely high in India.
B. Nibha’s success is partly attributed to a bicycle provided by the government.
C. Indian girls had higher school dropouts rates than boys as they didn’t have a cycle.
D. The free bicycle distribution schemes have specifically targeted girls since 2004.
Question 37. The word emancipate in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
A. restrict B. reduce C. free D. object
Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Researchers doubt if women cycle more with age due to gaining more career opportunities and rejoining
the workforce.
B. Researchers believe women stop cycling more as they age because their job options reduce.
C. Researchers speculate whether fewer job prospects and workforce exit cause women to cycle less over
time.
D. Researchers assume that as women age, declining job opportunities lead to less cycling.
Question 39. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. there is not much difference in cycling rates between rural and urban areas in India
B. a growth in car ownership in India is entirely to blame for low urban cycling
C. shifts in life priorities influence the continuation of cycling among women in India
D. cycling is not a preferred option for Indian women when they reach marriage age
 26

Question 40. Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. State-run bicycle schemes in rural India helped boost school retention for girls, although the lack of
significant infrastructure improvements continues to challenge the effectiveness of the program in increasing
cycling.
B. Bicycle distribution in rural India, aimed at both boys and girls, significantly improved school attendance,
but challenges like inadequate infrastructure and long commutes hindered long-term effectiveness,
especially for girls.
C. The distribution of bicycles in rural India primarily benefited girls, dramatically reducing dropout rates
and doubling their cycling participation, yet these efforts had little effect on boys' school retention.
D. Indian rural girls benefited the most from government bicycle schemes, with cycling rates increasing,
leading to higher school retention, though life circumstances can limit the broader adoption of cycling for
women.
----- The end -----

ĐỀ MINH HỌA 14
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Thirsty for something refreshing? Coca-Cola has the perfect (1) __________ for you. Whether you’re
relaxing at home or out with friends, Coca-Cola offers the (2) __________. With its crisp, bold taste, it’s the
perfect companion for any moment. Feeling tired? Grab an ice-cold Coke to (3) __________ your energy.
Want to celebrate? Share a Coca-Cola with loved ones to create memories. Its unique flavor, (4)
__________ by millions, has made Coca-Cola a global favorite (5) __________ over a century. There’s a
Coke for everyone, and now you can sip it at anytime, anywhere. Choose Coca-Cola and taste the
difference! Every sip is a moment of refreshment that keeps you (6) __________ back for more.
Question 1. A. solve B. solver C. solution D. solvable
Question 2. A. ideal drink experience B. ideal experience drink
C. experience ideal drink D. drink experience ideal
Question 3. A. grow B. boost C. raise D. cope
Question 4. A. which loved B. loving C. was loved D. loved
Question 5. A. in B. for C. on D. by
Question 6. A. to coming B. coming C. come D. to come
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
STAY SAFE: PREVENTING THE FLU EPIDEMIC
What is the flu epidemic?
The flu epidemic is a contagious viral (7) __________ that affects the respiratory system. Every year,
millions of people worldwide are impacted, leading to severe health issues and hospitalizations.
Why it matters
When flu season arrives, it’s essential to take precautions. If not managed effectively, the flu can (8)
__________ into a widespread epidemic, putting vulnerable populations at risk. The (9) __________ of flu
cases can surge dramatically during peak season, leading to increased hospital visits and strain on healthcare
systems. It’s vital to stay informed and take preventative measures.
How to prevent the flu
• Get vaccinated: The flu vaccine is the most effective way to protect yourself and (10) __________. It’s
recommended to get vaccinated annually.
• Stay home when sick: If you experience flu (11) __________, stay home to prevent spreading the virus to
those around you.
• Follow guidelines: (12) __________ your health status, everyone should follow health guidelines to
minimize the risk of flu transmission.
Question 7. A. infection B. injury C. sickness D. ailment
Question 8. A. bring up B. take over C. break out D. call off
Question 9. A. number B. level C. amount D. quality
Question 10. A. other B. others C. another D. the other
Question 11. A. patterns B. features C. signals D. symptoms
Question 12. A. In view of B. Regardless of C. Rather than D. On account of
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.
Question 13.
a. Anna: I mostly do Hatha yoga; it’s perfect for beginners and really focuses on breathing and relaxation.
b. Anna: I’ve started doing yoga every morning, and it’s amazing how much it helps with my stress levels.
c. Sarah: That sounds great! What kind of yoga do you practice?
A. a-c-b B. b-c-a C. c-b-a D. a-c-b
Question 14.
a. Michael: That’s true, and I think practicing with a native speaker could really help!
b. Kim: I know it can be challenging, but I heard that once you get the hang of the tones, it becomes easier.
 27

c. Michael: I’ve been thinking about learning Chinese, but it seems so difficult with all the characters!
d. Michael: That sounds perfect! I’ll join you, and we can practice together.
e. Kim: Absolutely! I found some great online resources and language exchange partners.
A. c-b-a-d-e B. e-c-d-b-a C. d-b-a-c-e D. d-e-a-b-c
Question 15.
Hi Susan,
a. I hope you had a great time with everyone, and I promise to make it up to you soon.
b. Please forgive me for not being there. I’ve been overwhelmed with work and completely lost track of
time.
c. I feel terrible about missing your birthday party last weekend.
d. It was really irresponsible of me not to let you know earlier that I couldn’t make it.
e. Let’s catch up sometime this week if you’re free,
Alex
A. d-b-a-e-c B. b-e-a-d-c C. a-d-b-c-e D. c-a-d-b-e
Question 16.
a. Over the past few years, I’ve journeyed to various parts of the world, from the bustling streets of Tokyo to
the serene beaches of Bali.
b. My love for adventure and curiosity about different ways of life have fueled my desire to explore, making
each trip more rewarding than the last.
c. Traveling to new countries and experiencing diverse cultures has always been my greatest passion.
d. Each destination offers unique adventures, whether it’s sampling street food, exploring historical sites, or
connecting with locals who share their stories.
e. In conclusion, being a globetrotter not only enriches my life but also broadens my perspective, reminding
me of the beauty of our diverse world.
A. d-b-a-c-e B. a-b-c-d-e C. b-c-d-e-a D. c-a-d-b-e
Question 17.
a. Despite these issues, the allure of exploring new places and experiencing different cultures continues to
attract millions of travelers each year.
b. This surge in tourism has also encouraged local businesses, from restaurants to souvenir shops, to
flourish, thereby boosting the local economy.
c. However, with increased foot traffic comes challenges, such as overcrowding and strain on infrastructure.
d. Tourism has become a vital part of many economies around the world, offering countless opportunities
for growth and development.
e. In recent years, popular destinations have seen a significant increase in visitors, leading to a vibrant
atmosphere filled with cultural exchanges.
A. d-b-c-a-e B. d-c-a-b-e C. d-a-e-b-c D. d-e-b-c-a
Read the following passage about humanoid robots and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Cristiano Ronaldo, one of the greatest football players of all time, (18) __________.
Born on February 5, 1985, in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, he showed exceptional talent from a young
age. His journey began at Sporting Lisbon, (19) __________. There, he developed into a formidable player,
winning multiple Premier League titles and the coveted UEFA Champions League.
During his time at Manchester United, Ronaldo developed into a world-class player, winning three
Premier League titles and the UEFA Champions League. He became known for his incredible speed and
powerful shots, qualities that made him a formidable opponent on the pitch. In 2009, he transferred to Real
Madrid, where he broke numerous records, including becoming the club’s all-time leading scorer. (20)
__________.
Possessing remarkable athleticism and a keen sense of strategy, (21) __________. His training
regimen, which includes intense workouts and a strict diet, ensures that he remains at peak performance.
This dedication has allowed him to adapt his playing style over the years, maintaining his relevance in an
ever-evolving sport. Additionally, Ronaldo’s ability to lead his teammates has earned him respect both on
and off the field.
Beyond his football career, Ronaldo is a philanthropist who uses his platform to give back to the
community. (22) __________. His influence extends far beyond the pitch, making him a global icon and a
role model for aspiring athletes. Ultimately, Cristiano Ronaldo’s legacy is defined not only by his records
but also by his commitment to making a positive impact in the world.
Question 18.A. has made a significant impact on the sport B. impacting significantly on the sport
C. of whom significant impact on the sport D. that has his significant impact on the sport recognized
Question 19.A. refining his skills there before making the move to Manchester United in 2003
B. where he honed his skills before moving to Manchester United in 2003
C. aided him in polishing his skills before transferring to Manchester United in 2003
D. of which his skills were honed before signing with Manchester United in 2003
Question 20.
A. Young athletes have inspired Ronaldo to strengthen his relentless drive and work ethic
B. The relentless drive and work ethic of Ronaldo have forced many young fans to become footballers
 28

C. Ronaldo’s relentless drive and work ethic have inspired many young athletes who aspire to follow his
footsteps
D. Aiming to encourage young athletes to become footballers, Ronaldo trained hard and shared his
experiences with them.
Question 21.
A. The label of one of the all-time best players is attributed to Ronaldo
B. Experts consistently regard Ronaldo as one of the greatest players of all time
C. Achieving the title of the best player of all time is a simple feat for Ronaldo
D. Ronaldo consistently demonstrates why he is considered one of the best players of all time
Question 22.
A. Various charities would definitely struggle to support causes like children's hospitals and disaster relief
efforts without Ronaldo's contributions
B. His millions of dollars serve as an aid to causes like children's hospitals and disaster relief efforts
C. Spending millions of dollars, various charities can support causes such as children's hospitals and disaster
relief efforts on behalf of Ronaldo
D. He has donated millions of dollars to various charities, supporting causes such as children's hospitals and
disaster relief efforts
Read the following passage about endangered languages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
In an era marked by climate change and environmental degradation, adopting green living habits has
become increasingly vital. Green living refers to a lifestyle that seeks to minimize one's ecological footprint
through conscious choices in daily activities. This can include everything from reducing waste to conserving
energy and using sustainable products. As more individuals recognize the importance of preserving our
planet, the movement toward greener practices continues to gain momentum.
One of the most significant aspects of green living is its focus on sustainability. By choosing
products that are eco-friendly, consumers can support businesses that prioritize environmental
responsibility. For instance, using reusable bags, bottles, and containers reduces plastic waste and promotes
a circular economy. Furthermore, opting for locally sourced foods not only supports local farmers but also
decreases the carbon emissions associated with transportation.
When green living habits are adopted, they can lead to profound changes in our environment. By
reducing their energy consumption through the use of energy-efficient appliances, individuals help lower
greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, this contributes to cleaner air and mitigates the effects of climate
change. Moreover, by practicing water conservation methods, such as fixing leaks and using low-flow
fixtures, households can significantly decrease water waste, promoting the sustainable use of this precious
resource.
In conclusion, educating individuals about green living habits is crucial for promoting a more
sustainable future. Schools and community organizations can offer workshops and resources that highlight
the benefits of eco-friendly practices. Additionally, social media campaigns can raise awareness and
encourage people to share their experiences with sustainable living. By empowering individuals to make
informed choices, we can collectively work toward a healthier planet for generations to come.
Question 23. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the green living practices?
A. Reducing waste B. Conserving energy
C. Composting organic waste D. Using sustainable products
Question 24. The word “vital” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.
A. imperfect B. inessential C. important D. crucial
Question 25. The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to _______.
A. green living habits B. profound changes C. individuals D. energy-efficient
appliances
Question 26. The word “empowering” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by _______.
A. prohibiting B. abandoning C. forbidding D. enabling
Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?
A. Opting for eco-friendly products may distract consumers from recognizing businesses that neglect
environmental responsibility.
B. By purchasing items that are harmful to the planet, consumers can inadvertently encourage businesses
that do not care about environmental issues.
C. When consumers select non-eco-friendly products, they undermine companies committed to
environmental responsibility.
D. Choosing eco-friendly products allows consumers to back businesses that emphasize environmental
stewardship.
Question 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Green living exclusively focuses on reducing energy consumption and does not address waste
management.
B. Using reusable products can contribute to a decrease in plastic waste and promote sustainability.
C. The movement toward greener practices has lost momentum as fewer individuals recognize the
importance of preserving the planet.
 29

D. Teaching people about green living practices is not essential for promoting a sustainable future.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the writer mention a present casual relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the writer discuss methods for teaching people about eco-friendly
living practices?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
[I] In today's globalized world, cultural diversity has become a fundamental aspect of many societies.
[II] Many countries are experiencing increasing levels of migration. [III] With the rise of immigration and
the blending of traditions, people from various cultural backgrounds are now living side by side in cities
across the globe. [IV]
One of the key advantages of cultural diversity is the richness it adds to a society. Different cultures
introduce unique perspectives, foods, languages, and traditions, which help people broaden their
understanding of the world. In schools and workplaces, cultural diversity fosters creativity and innovation,
as individuals from different backgrounds approach problems in novel ways. However, there are also
challenges associated with living in culturally diverse communities. Misunderstandings and communication
barriers can arise when people are unfamiliar with each other's customs and values. To address these issues,
societies must encourage cultural sensitivity and create opportunities for cross-cultural exchange.
Governments and institutions around the world are beginning to implement policies that promote
inclusion and respect for cultural differences. By celebrating diversity through events, education, and
media representation, communities can create environments where people feel valued regardless of
their background. Ultimately, embracing cultural diversity helps to build more peaceful and harmonious
societies.
Question 31. Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?
This increasing diversity brings about both challenges and opportunities.
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 32. The word “novel” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by _______.
A. customary B. common C. original D. flexible
Question 33. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
A. society B. richness C. cultural diversity D. opportunity
Question 34. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT an advantage of cultural diversity?
A. Promoting innovation B. Enhancing creativity
C. Preventing misunderstandings D. Expanding perspectives
Question 35. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?
A. Governments are taking steps to ensure that cultural diversity is celebrated and respected.
B. Policies that promote inclusion are reducing the challenges caused by cultural diversity.
C. Celebrating cultural diversity creates more harmonious and peaceful societies.
D. Promoting cross-cultural exchange helps societies overcome the challenges of diversity.
Question 36. The word “harmonious” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.
A. adaptable B. hostile C. friendly D. freezing
Question 37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Cultural diversity mainly benefits societies by creating job opportunities.
B. Misunderstandings in diverse communities arise due to unfamiliar customs.
C. Governments have not yet addressed the challenges posed by cultural diversity.
D. Cross-cultural exchange programs are unnecessary for promoting inclusion.
Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?
A. Celebrating diversity alone cannot solve the issues in culturally diverse communities.
B. Understanding cultural diversity fully is necessary for harmonious societies.
C. Misunderstandings will persist without education about different cultures.
D. Communities can create inclusive environments by encouraging cultural events and education.

Question 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Cultural diversity can be both an asset and a challenge for communities.
B. Governments are failing to address the complexities of cultural diversity.
C. Cultural sensitivity programs are ineffective in reducing communication barriers.
D. Increased immigration automatically leads to social harmony.
Question 40. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?
A. Embracing cultural diversity is easy for societies that celebrate traditions and language differences
without the need for cross-cultural exchange.
B. Immigration has led to challenges for societies that can only be solved by eliminating cultural differences.
C. Cultural diversity enriches societies by promoting new perspectives and innovation, but it also requires
efforts to overcome misunderstandings and communication barriers.
D. Governments should focus on reducing immigration to prevent the problems associated with cultural
diversity.
30