1.
A C Program To Check Parity Of Number
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int parity=0,num;
printf("enter the number");
scanf("%d",&num);
while(num) //LOOP WILL OPERATE UNTIL NUMBER BECOMES 0..BY RIGHT
SHIFTING AGAIN & AGAIN
{
if(num&1) //....MAKE (num & 1)..&..extract 1 bit from 8 bit number..if that 1bit is 1
then ...parity changes...else if that particular bit is 0 found...then parity did not changes...
parity=!parity;
num=num>>1; //after checking 1st bit...check the next bit to that bit which is already
checked...in the same 8 bit number...by shifting 1 right ..//
}
if(parity == 1) //1 is representing that parity is odd..//
printf("parity is odd");
else
printf("parity is even");//0 is representing that parity is even..//
return 0;
}
2. C program to implement Checksum
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int sender(int arr[], int n) {
int checksum, sum = 0, i;
printf("\n****SENDER SIDE****\n");
for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += arr[i];
printf("SUM IS: %d", sum);
checksum = ~sum; // 1's complement of sum
printf("\nCHECKSUM IS: %d", checksum);
return checksum;
}
void receiver(int arr[], int n, int sch) {
int checksum, sum = 0, i;
printf("\n\n****RECEIVER SIDE****\n");
for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += arr[i];
printf("SUM IS: %d", sum);
sum = sum + sch;
checksum = ~sum; // 1's complement of sum
printf("\nCHECKSUM IS: %d", checksum);
}
int main() {
int n, sch;
printf("\nENTER SIZE OF THE STRING: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int arr[10]; // You can set this to a fixed size, e.g., 10
if(n > 10) {
printf("Error: Size exceeds limit.\n");
return -1;
}
printf("ENTER THE ELEMENTS OF THE ARRAY TO CALCULATE
CHECKSUM:\n");
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
sch = sender(arr, n);
receiver(arr, n, sch);
return 0;
}
3. C program to implement CRC
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
void main()
int i,j,keylen,msglen;
char input[100], key[30],temp[30],quot[100],rem[30],key1[30];
clrscr();
printf("Enter Data: ");
gets(input);
printf("Enter Key: ");
gets(key);
keylen=strlen(key);
msglen=strlen(input);
strcpy(key1,key);
for (i=0;i<keylen-1;i++)
input[msglen+i]='0';
for (i=0;i<keylen;i++)
temp[i]=input[i];
for (i=0;i<msglen;i++) {
quot[i]=temp[0];
if(quot[i]=='0')
for (j=0;j<keylen;j++)
key[j]='0'; else
for (j=0;j<keylen;j++)
key[j]=key1[j];
for (j=keylen-1;j>0;j--)
if(temp[j]==key[j])
rem[j-1]='0'; else
rem[j-1]='1';
rem[keylen-1]=input[i+keylen];
strcpy(temp,rem);
strcpy(rem,temp);
printf("\nQuotient is ");
for (i=0;i<msglen;i++)
printf("%c",quot[i]);
printf("\nRemainder is ");
for (i=0;i<keylen-1;i++)
printf("%c",rem[i]);
printf("\nFinal data is: ");
for (i=0;i<msglen;i++)
printf("%c",input[i]);
for (i=0;i<keylen-1;i++)
printf("%c",rem[i]);
getch();
