INFORMATION
AND
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
LET REVIEWER
COMPUTER BASIC OPERATION
and its PERIPHERALS
Five Basic Types of Computer Operations
Five Basic Types of Computer Operations
• Input
• The process of entering the data and instruction into computer system. It involves three steps –
accepting the list of instruction from user in their format. Then converting these instructions in
computer acceptable form. Supplying the instructions to computer system for processing.
• Process
• It is the actual processing in the CPU that takes place on the data, as per user given instructions.
• Output
• The process of output of the data from the computer system. It accepts the results produced by
computer, which are in coded form. It converts the coded form to human acceptable form. It
supplies the converted results to user.
• Storage
• Computer stores data on storage devices for future use and also to speed up data transfer.
• Controlling
• Computer stores data on storage devices for future use and also to speed up data transfer.
Five Basic Types of Computer Operations
Bits and Bytes
Computer and its Peripheral
Computer and its Peripheral
• Storage Devices
• Volatile- memory that can keep the information only during the time it is powered up
• Non-Volatile- a type of computer memory that can retain stored information even after power is removed.
• Either a magnetic, optical or solid states drives
• Magnetic storage devices, such as hard disk drives and tapes.
• Optical storage devices, such as CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray discs.
• Solid state storage devices, such as solid state drives (SSDs) and USB memory sticks.
• Examples:
• USB flash drives
• Hard disk drive is HDD- Most hard disks are of 5400 RPM (Revolution Per Minute) or 7200 RPM;
obviously, the hard disk of 7200 RPM is much faster than the 5400 RPM.
• Solid State Drive – no mechanical drive
• CD/ DVD
• Floppy Disk
• Tape
Keyboarding
Function Keys
• Keys that act as shortcuts for performing certain functions such as
saving files or printing data. Function keys usually are lined along the
top of the keyboard labeled F1 through F12.
• F1
• Almost always used as the help key, almost every program opens a help screen
when this key is pressed.
• F2
• In Windows renames a highlighted icon, file, or folder in all versions of Windows.
• Quickly rename a selected file or folder.
Function Keys
• F3
• Often opens a search feature for many programs including Microsoft Windows
when at the Windows Desktop..
• F4
• Open the address bar in Windows Explorer and Internet Explorer.
• Alt + F4 closes the program window currently active in Microsoft Windows.
• Ctrl + F4 closes the open window within the current active window in Microsoft
Windows.
• F5
• In all modern Internet browsers pressing F5 will refresh or reload the page or
document window.
• Starts a slideshow in PowerPoint.
Function Keys
• F6
• Move the cursor to the Address bar in Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, and most other Internet
browsers.
• Ctrl + Shift + F6 opens to another open Microsoft Word document.
• F7
• Commonly used to spell check and grammar check a document in Microsoft programs such as
Microsoft Word, Outlook, etc.
• Shift + F7 runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
• F8
• Function key used to enter the Windows startup menu, commonly used to access Windows Safe
Mode.
• F9
• Refresh document in Microsoft Word.
Function Keys
• F10
• In Microsoft Windows activates the menu bar of an open application.
• Shift + F10 is the same as right-clicking on a highlighted icon, file, or Internet link.
• Enter CMOS Setup.
• F11
• Full-screen mode in all modern Internet browsers.
• F12
• Open the Save as window in Microsoft Word.
• Ctrl + F12 will Save the document In Word (like Ctrl + S).
• Shift + F12 save the Microsoft Word document.
For Document Actions
Functions Keystrokes
Open a File CTRL + O
New File CTRL + N
Save As F12
Save CTRL+S or Shift+F12
Close a File CTRL+W
Print CTRL+P
Print Preview CTRL+F12
Spelling and Grammar F7
Help F1
Find CTRL+F
For Cursor Movement
Function Keystroke
Select All CTRL+A
Select from cursor to beginning of line Shift+Home
Select from cursor to beginning of line Shift+End
Go to beginning of line Home
Go to beginning of document CTRL+Home
Go to end of document CTRL+End
For Formatting
Function Keystroke
Cut CTRL+X
Copy CTRL+C
Paste CTRL+V
Undo CTRL+Z
Redo CTRL+Y
Left Alignment CTRL+L
Center Alignment CTRL+E
Right Alignment CTRL+R
Justified CTRL+J
Indent CTRL+M
For Text Styles
Functions Keystrokes
Font Face CTRL+SHIFT+F
Font Size CTRL+SHIFT+P
Bold CTRL+B
Italics CTRL+I
Underline CTRL+U
Double Underline CTRL+SHIFT+D
Word Underline CTRL+SHIFT+W
All Caps CTRL+SHIFT+A
Change Case SHIFT+F3
Finger Chart
Let’s have a practice test
Question 1
The basic architecture of computer was developed by
a. Charles Babbage
b. Garden Moore
c. Blaise Pascal
d. John Von Neumann
Question 1
The basic architecture of computer was developed by
a. Charles Babbage
b. Garden Moore
c. Blaise Pascal
d. John Von Neumann
Question 2
First generation of computer was based on which
technology ?
a. Vacuum Tube
b. Transistor
c. Integrated Circuit
d. Very large-scale integration
Question 2
First generation of computer was based on which
technology ?
a. Vacuum Tube
b. Transistor
c. Integrated Circuit
d. Very large-scale integration
Question 3
Which of the following memory is non-volatile ?
a. DRAM
b. ROM
c. SRAM
d. All of the above
Question 3
Which of the following memory is non-volatile ?
a. DRAM
b. ROM
c. SRAM
d. All of the above
Question 4
One MB is equal to?
a. 1000KB
b. 1024KB
c. 1024GB
d. 1024Byte
Question 4
One MB is equal to?
a. 1000KB
b. 1024KB
c. 1024GB
d. 1024Byte
Question 5
Fifth generation computers are based on
a. Programming Intelligence
b. Artificial Intelligence
c. Virtual Reality
d. System Knowledge
Question 5
Fifth generation computers are based on
a. Programming Intelligence
b. Artificial Intelligence
c. Virtual Reality
d. System Knowledge
Question 6
Which of the following is the world fastest super
computer ?
a. TOKYO -- The Fugaku supercomputer
b. JUWELS Booster Module, Germany
c. Sunway TaihuLight, China
d. Frontier, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Question 6
Which of the following is the world fastest super
computer ?
a. TOKYO -- The Fugaku supercomputer
b. JUWELS Booster Module, Germany
c. Sunway TaihuLight, China
d. Frontier, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
1.102 quintillion calculations per second
Question 7
CD-ROM stands for
a. Compactable Read Only Memory
b. Compact Data Read Only Memory
c. Compactable Disk Read Only Memory
d. Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
Question 7
CD-ROM stands for
a. Compactable Read Only Memory
b. Compact Data Read Only Memory
c. Compactable Disk Read Only Memory
d. Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
Question 8
Where is RAM located ?
a. Mother Board
b. Expansion Board
c. External Drive
d. None of the above
Question 8
Where is RAM located ?
a. Mother Board
b. Expansion Board
c. External Drive
d. None of the above
Question 9
The basic operations performed by a computer are
a. Logical operation
b. Storage and relative
c. Arithmetic operation
d. All the above
Question 9
The basic operations performed by a computer are
a. Logical operation
b. Storage and relative
c. Arithmetic operation
d. All the above
Question 10
The smallest unit in a digital system is
a. Bit
b. Byte
c. Character
d. Kilobyte
Question 10
The smallest unit in a digital system is
a. Bit
b. Byte
c. Character
d. Kilobyte
Question 11
What Does BIOS Stand For ?
a. Backup Input Output System
b. Battery Integrated Operating Setup
c. Basic Input Output System
d. Better Integrated Operating System
Question 11
What Does BIOS Stand For ?
a. Backup Input Output System
b. Battery Integrated Operating Setup
c. Basic Input Output System
d. Better Integrated Operating System
Question 12
Where are saved files stored in computer ?
a. Hard disk
b. Cache
c. RAM
d. Motherboard
Question 12
Where are saved files stored in computer ?
a. Hard disk
b. Cache
c. RAM
d. Motherboard
Question 13
Hub works on which layer ?
a. Network layer
b. Physical layer
c. Data link layer
d. Session layer
Question 13
Hub works on which layer ?
a. Network layer
b. Physical layer
c. Data link layer
d. Session layer
Question 14
Which keyboard shortcut bolds selected text ?
a. CTRL + I
b. SHIFT + CTRL + S
c. CTRL + B
d. CTRL + SHIFT + I
Question 14
Which keyboard shortcut bolds selected text ?
a. CTRL + I
b. SHIFT + CTRL + S
c. CTRL + B
d. CTRL + SHIFT + I
Question 15
Any data or instruction entered into the memory of a
computer is considered as
a. Process
b. Input
c. Storage
d. Output
Question 15
Any data or instruction entered into the memory of a
computer is considered as
a. Process
b. Input
c. Storage
d. Output
Question 16
The memory sizes in mainframe computers and
advanced technology micro computer are
expressed as?
a. Bits
b. Bytes
c. Kilobytes
d. Megabytes
Question 16
The memory sizes in mainframe computers and
advanced technology micro computer are
expressed as?
a. Bits
b. Bytes
c. Kilobytes
d. Megabytes
Question 17
Which of the following is not an advantage of
magnetic disk storage ?
a. Disk storage is less expensive than tape storage
b. Disk storage is longer lasting than magnetic tape
c. The access time of magnetic disk is much less than
that of magnetic tape
d. None of the above
Question 17
Which of the following is not an advantage of
magnetic disk storage ?
a. Disk storage is less expensive than tape storage
b. Disk storage is longer lasting than magnetic tape
c. The access time of magnetic disk is much less than
that of magnetic tape
d. None of the above
Question 18
The 0 and 1 in the binary numbering system are
called Binary Digits or ?
a. Bits
b. Bytes
c. Decimal bytes
d. Kilobytes
Question 18
The 0 and 1 in the binary numbering system are
called Binary Digits or ?
a. Bits
b. Bytes
c. Decimal bytes
d. Kilobytes
Question 19
The letter V in the keyboard is type with?
a. The right index finger.
b. The left index finger
c. The right middle finger
d. The left middle finger
Question 19
The letter V in the keyboard is type with?
a. The right index finger.
b. The left index finger
c. The right middle finger
d. The left middle finger
Question 20
The IC chip, used in computers, is made of
a. Iron Oxide
b. Silicon
c. Chomium
d. Silica
Question 20
The IC chip, used in computers, is made of
a. Iron Oxide
b. Silicon
c. Chomium
d. Silica
*Silicon Valley California- Adobe, Alphabet, Apple, Cisco, eBay, HP, Intel, LinkedIn, Meta, Nvidia, Paypal,
and Zoom
Question 21
Which of the following is the standard color code
for audio jacks?
a. Green – speakers / Pink – microphone
b. Black – speakers / White – microphone
c. Orange – speakers / Black – microphone
d. White – speakers / Black – microphone
Question 21
Which of the following is the standard color code
for audio jacks?
a. Green – speakers / Pink – microphone
b. Black – speakers / White – microphone
c. Orange – speakers / Black – microphone
d. White – speakers / Black – microphone
Question 22
Which of the following devices is often attached to
the parallel port of the computer system?
a. Printer
b. keyboard
c. Mouse
d. USB flash drive
Question 22
Which of the following devices is often attached to
the parallel port of the computer system?
a. Printer
b. keyboard
c. Mouse
d. USB flash drive
Question 23
Which of the following describes Dots Per Inch (DPI).
a. It is the measure of the screen’s resolution
b. It is the measure of the printer’s resolution
c. It is the measure of the font’s resolution
d. It is the measure of the scanner’s resolution
Question 23
Which of the following describes Dots Per Inch (DPI).
a. It is the measure of the screen’s resolution
b. It is the measure of the printer’s resolution
c. It is the measure of the font’s resolution
d. It is the measure of the scanner’s resolution
Question 24
Which super computer developed by IBM defeated
the world chess champion Gary Kasparov in 1997?
a. Summit
b. Deep Blue
c. Tianhe-2A
d. Trinity
Question 24
Which super computer developed by IBM defeated
the world chess champion Gary Kasparov in 1997?
a. Summit
b. Deep Blue
c. Tianhe-2A
d. Trinity
Question 25
10. Which of the following serves as the
communication line between the Central Processing
Unit (CPU) and its peripherals?
a. Bus
b. Port
c. Mother Board
d. Registers
Question 25
10. Which of the following serves as the
communication line between the Central Processing
Unit (CPU) and its peripherals?
a. Bus
b. Port
c. Mother Board
d. Registers
References
• https://www.vskills.in/certification/tutorial/basic-operations-of-a-computer-2/
• https://ongcamilleallison.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/7ceb7-
input_output_devices.jpg?w=585&h=390&zoom=2
• https://digitalworld839.com/storage-devices-of-computer/
• Discovery Computer 2016
• https://www.quora.com/What-are-bits-and-bytes-and-how-are-they-measured
• https://shardeum.org/blog/physical-layer-in-osi-model/
• https://codescracker.com/exam/quiz.php?testid=750&subid=14
