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Dictionary

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2 views5 pages

Dictionary

Uploaded by

anilperfect
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DICTIONARY IN

PYTHON

INTRODUCTION:

 Dictionary is a collection of elements which is unordered, changeable and indexed.


 Dictionary has keys and values.
 Doesn’t have index for values. Keys work as indexes.
 Dictionary doesn’t have duplicate member means no duplicate key.
 Dictionaries are enclosed by curly braces { } separated by commas ( , )
 A dictionary key can be almost any Python type, but are usually numbers or strings.

 Values can be assigned and accessed using square brackets [ ].

CREATING A DICTIONARY:

Syntax:

dictionary-name = {key1:value, key2:value, key3:value, keyn:value}

Example:

>>> marks = { "physics" : 75, "Chemistry" : 78, "Maths" : 81, "CS":78 }

>>> marks

{'physics': 75, 'Chemistry': 78, 'Maths': 81, 'CS': 78}

ACCESSING ELEMENTS OF A DICTIONARY:

Syntax:

dictionary-name[key]

Example:

>>> marks = { "physics" : 75, "Chemistry" : 78, "Maths" : 81, "CS":78 }

>>> marks["Maths"]
81
>>> marks.keys( ) #To access all keys in one go

dict_keys(['physics', 'Chemistry', 'Maths', 'CS'])

>>> marks.values( ) # To access all values in one go

dict_values([75, 78, 81, 78])

Lookup : A dictionary operation that takes a key and finds the corresponding value, is

called lookup.

TRAVERSING A DICTIONARY:

Syntax:

for <variable-name> in <dictionary-name>:

statement

Example:

>>> for i in marks:

print(i, ": ", marks[i])


OUTPUT:

physics : 75

Chemistry : 78

Maths : 81

CS : 78

CHANGE AND ADD THE VALUE IN A DICTIONARY: Syntax:

dictionary-name[key]=value
Example:

>>> marks = { "physics" : 75, "Chemistry" : 78, "Maths" : 81, "CS":78 }

>>> marks

{'physics': 75, 'Chemistry': 78, 'Maths': 81, 'CS': 78}

>>> marks['CS']=84 #Changing a value

>>> marks

{'physics': 75, 'Chemistry': 78, 'Maths': 81, 'CS': 84}

>>> marks['English']=89 # Adding a value

>>> marks

{'physics': 75, 'Chemistry': 78, 'Maths': 81, 'CS': 84, 'English': 89}

DELETE ELEMENTS FROM A DICTIONARY:

There are two methods to delete elements from a dictionary:

(i) using del statement

(ii) using pop( ) method

(i) Using del statement:

Syntax:

del dictionary-name[key]

Example:

>>> marks

{'physics': 75, 'Chemistry': 78, 'Maths': 81, 'CS': 84, 'English': 89}

>>> del marks['English']

>>> marks

{'physics': 75, 'Chemistry': 78, 'Maths': 81, 'CS': 84}


(ii) Using pop( ) method: It deletes the key-value pair and returns the value of

deleted element.

Syntax:

dictionary-name.pop( )

Example:

>>> marks

{'physics': 75, 'Chemistry': 78, 'Maths': 81, 'CS': 84}

>>> marks.pop('Maths')

81

PRETTY PRINTING A DICTIONARY:

To print a dictionary in more readable and presentable form.

For pretty printing a dictionary you need to import json module and then you can use

dumps( ) function from json module.

Example:

>>> print(json.dumps(marks, indent=2))

OUTPUT:

"physics": 75,

"Chemistry": 78,

"Maths": 81,

"CS": 78

}
dumps( ) function prints key:value pair in separate lines with the number of spaces

which is the value of indent argument.

DICTIONARY FUNCTIONS:

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