UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL
SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS
& COMPUTER SCIENCE
MAIN EXAMINATION
November 2018
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS STAT130 W2
DURATION: 3 Hours TOTAL MARKS: 50
INTERNAL EXAMINERS: Ms S. Pitts
INTERNAL MODERATOR: Professor M. Murray
THIS EXAM CONSISTS OF 20 PAGES INCLUDING THIS ONE.
PLEASE ENSURE THAT YOU HAVE ALL PAGES.
INSTRUCTIONS:
Attempt all questions. There is no negative marking.
Write in pencil (HP or darker).
A formula sheet is attached to the end of the question paper. This may be
removed in order to be more easily used.
You will be supplied with a set of statistical tables. Do not write on them. They
will be collected at the end of the exam.
Paper for rough calculations will be provided.
Write and shade in your student number, name and initials on the top left
hand side of the MCQ answer sheet. Fill in the requested information on
the bottom left side of the MCQ answer sheet.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 2
Question 1
There are 1500 employees at a company. Forty (40) of the employees are to be sent on a safety
training course. Using the payroll, all the employees are identified and assigned a number from 1
to 1500. The 40 employees to be sent on the training will be selected using the portion of a
random number table shown below.
84333 23190 39470 11983
10981 04109 13214 08212
14465 03 180 51234 20371
If the table is to be read from left to right and bottom to top, what will be the numbers of the first
5 employees selected?
a) 8433 , 3231 , 9039 , 4701 , 1983
b) 1446 , 5031 , 8051 , 2342 , 371
c) 843 , 231 , 903 , 470 , 198
d) 144 , 503 , 903 , 4701 , 198
e) 1446 , 371 , 1098 , 1041 , 913
Question 2
Consider the following 2 variables:
i) The temperature, in degrees Celsius, of a fire.
ii) The names of firemen who use the stairs during a fire.
Identify whether each variable is qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement.
a) i) qualitative, interval ii) quantitative, interval
b) i) quantitative, interval ii) qualitative, nominal
c) i) quantitative, ratio ii) qualitative, ordinal
d) i) qualitative, ordinal ii) quantitative, nominal
e) i) quantitative, interval ii) qualitative, ordinal
Question 3
Which one of the following is false?
a) In both stratified sampling and quota sampling, the items in the population are grouped
according to a/some important characteristic(s).
b) Stratified sampling makes use of simple random sampling.
c) Quota sampling is not a probability sampling method.
d) Simple random sampling is not an appropriate sampling method when all the items in the
population cannot be numbered.
e) Systematic sampling is not a form of probability sampling.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 3
Question 4
In order to estimate the average height of male giraffes in Africa, 43 male giraffes from South
African game reserves were randomly selected and their heights recorded. The average height of
the recorded data was 5.4 metres with a standard deviation of 0.2 metres. Which of the following
statements is false?
a) The population of interest is all giraffes in Africa.
b) The value 5.4 is a sample statistic.
c) The population and sampling frame are not the same.
d) The value 0.2 is a sample statistic.
e) The value 43 is the sample size.
Question 5
You are interested in finding out if there is a relationship between house price and its distance
from the city centre. You gather data for 20 houses and would like to represent it graphically.
Which one of the following graphs, or graphical methods, will most likely show whether there is a
relationship?
a) Two histograms placed side-by-side – one for the prices and the other for the distances.
b) Back-to-back stem and leaf plot with one side showing prices and the other side showing
the distances.
c) Bar graph with distance on the x-axis and price on the y-axis.
d) Two box plots – one for the prices and the other for the distances.
e) Scatter plot with distance on the x-axis and price on the y-axis.
Question 6
In a study of the productivity of workers in a factory, the number of acceptable items produced by
each of 10 randomly selected workers was recorded. The recorded numbers are given below.
65, 41, 68, 59, 35, 36, 51, 45, 62, 41
Which of the following statements is false?
a) The average number of acceptable items produced is 50.3.
b) Twenty-five percent of the recorded values are less than, or equal to, 41.
c) The variance of the number of acceptable items produced is approximately 12.39.
d) The range of the recorded data is 33.
e) The median number of acceptable items produced is 48.
Questions 7, 8 and 9 are based on the following information:
The ages of 100 children seeking medical assistance at a children’s hospital are summarized in the
frequency distribution on the following page.
P.T.O.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 4
Age Frequency
0 – 2.5 21
2.5 – 5 32
5 – 7.5 20
7.5 – 10 15
10 – 12.5 8
12.5 – 15 4
Question 7
If one of the children is randomly chosen, what is the approximate probability that he/she is at
least 7.5 years old but less than15 years old?
a) 0.27
b) 0.12
c) 0.23
d) 0.47
e) This cannot be calculated.
Question 8
Only thirty percent of these children seeking medical help are below the age of
a) 7.1 years
b) 3.6 years
c) 3.2 years
d) 6.3 years
e) None of the above
Question 9
The average age of children seeking medical help is
a) 6.013 years
b) 3.75 years
c) 7.5 years
d) 16.667 years
e) 5.475 years
P.T.O.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 5
Question 10
Most patients in hospitals need to get a good rest so high noise levels are not wanted. Noise
levels in 84 hospitals were measured and recorded. The data was found to be bell-shaped with an
average of 61.2 decibels and a standard deviation of 7.9 decibels. If one of these hospitals is
selected, what is the approximate probability that its noise levels are more than 77 decibels?
a) 0.5
b) 0.025
c) 0.95
d) 0.975
e) 0.25
Question 11
The manager of a lemonade bottling plant is interested in comparing the performance of two
production lines, one of which is new. The manager selects ten 1-hour periods at random for each
of the production lines and records the number of crates filled in each hour. The results are
summarized in the table below.
Mean Variance
New 190 231.04
Old 170 46.24
Which one of the following is true?
a) The coefficient of variation (CV) of the new production line is 121.6% while that of the old
line is 27.2%. This means that the new line is approximately 4.5 times faster than the old
line.
b) The CV of the old line is 4% while the CV of the new line is 8%. This means that the
variability of the number of crates filled by the new line is twice that of the old line.
c) The variance of the new line is approximately 5 times that of the old line meaning that the
new line fills 5 times more crates than the old line.
d) The CV of the new line is 15.2% while that of the old line is 6.8%. This means that the
variability of the number of crates filled by the new line is more than twice that of the old
line.
e) The CV of the new line is 8% while that of the old line is 4%. This means that the variability
of the number of crates filled by the old line is twice that of the new line.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 6
Question 12
Which one of the following cannot be found or calculated using the information provided by a box
plot?
a) The third quartile
b) The range
c) The quartile deviation
d) The mode
e) The median
Question 13
Consider the ogive below.
Cumulative frequency
Boundaries
A data set that is ________ would result in an ogive of this shape.
Select the correct missing word(s).
a) bell-shaped
b) negatively skewed
c) bimodal
d) positively skewed
e) uniformly shaped
Question 14
Consider the following sample space:
𝑆 = { 387 , 400 , 410 , 415 , 500 , 513 , 518 , 595 , 680 }
Let 𝐴 be the event that the number is odd. Let 𝐵 be the event that the number is divisible by 5.
Let 𝐶 be the event that the number is greater than 500.
Calculate 𝑃( (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ∪ 𝐶̅ ).
a) 0.667
b) 0.556
c) 0.343
d) 0.966
e) None of the above
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 7
Question 15
Ross is renovating his house. He has a list of 10 tasks that need to be done, 4 of which require
supplies that he has not yet bought. His fiancé, Mandy, randomly selects 5 tasks for him to do this
weekend. What is the probability that Ross will have to go shopping for supplies this weekend?
a) 0.024
b) 0.762
c) 0.976
d) 0.238
e) This cannot be calculated.
Questions 16, 17 and 18 are based on the following information:
At universities people at different levels do research that is published in journals. A group of 150
people – postgraduate students, lecturers and professors – from a particular university were
asked to which journal they intended submitting their current work. They each chose one of four
journals – A, B, C or D.
The information is shown in the table below.
Journal
A B C D
PhD student 5 10 10 15
Lecturer 20 15 5 5
Professor 25 18 10 12
Question 16
If one of the people is randomly chosen, what is the probability that they intend submitting their
work to Journal C
a) 0.1667
b) 0.2435
c) 0.1984
d) 0.8333
e) 0.4362
Question 17
Suppose a person who intends submitting their work to Journal A is selected, what is the
probability that the person is a professor?
a) 0.38
b) 0.50
c) 0.33
d) 0.17
e) 0.25
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 8
Question 18
If a person is randomly chosen, what are the odds in favour of them intending to submit their
work to either Journal B or Journal C?
a) 1 : 0.58
b) 1 : 1.72
c) 1 : 0.83
d) 1 : 1.21
e) None of the above
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following information:
Jack and Jill go up the hill to fetch a pail of water. The probability that Jack falls down is 0.8 and
the probability that Jill falls down is 0.7. There is a 60% chance that both Jack and Jill fall down.
Question 19
What is the probability that only Jill falls down?
a) 0.2
b) 0.1
c) 0.5
d) 0.4
e) None of the above.
Question 20
What is the probability that neither of them falls down?
a) 0.6
b) 0.4
c) 0.3
d) 0.9
e) 0.1
Question 21
Selven is a salesman currently living in London. If Selven gets a bonus this year, there is a 70%
chance that he will visit his family in South Africa for Christmas. If Selven does not get a bonus this
year, there is only a 40% chance that he will visit his family in South Africa for Christmas. Selven’s
sales have been very high over the last several months so there is an 80% chance that he will get a
bonus.
If Selven visited his family in South Africa for Christmas, what is the probability that he did not get
a bonus?
a) 0.875
b) 0.080
c) 0.125
d) 0.696
e) 0.304
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 9
Question 22
Suppose 𝐶 and 𝐷 are two events defined on the same sample space. Further, suppose that
𝑃(𝐶) = 0.6 and 𝑃(𝐷) = 𝑝 where 0 < 𝑝 < 1. Which of the following statements is true?
a) 𝐶 is a subset of 𝐷 if 𝑝 > 0.6.
b) 𝐶 and 𝐷 are mutually exclusive and independent if 𝑝 = 0.4.
c) 𝐶 and 𝐷 will be mutually exclusive only if 𝑝 = 0.4.
d) 𝐶 and 𝐷 will not be independent if 𝑝 < 0.4.
e) If 𝐶 and 𝐷 are mutually exclusive then 𝑝 ≤ 0.4.
Question 23
Suppose you pay R15 to play a game in which three coins are spun. You win R10 for each coin that
lands heads-side up. Which of the tables below is the probability distribution for your profit (𝑋)?
Note: A negative profit means that you have lost money.
a) 𝑥 0 1 2 3
1⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 1⁄
𝑃(𝑥) 8 8 8 8
b) 𝑥 −15 −5 5 15
𝑃(𝑥) 1⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 1⁄
8 8 8 8
c) 𝑥 −15 −5 5 15
𝑃(𝑥) 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 4 4 4
d) 𝑥 0 10 20 30
𝑃(𝑥) 1⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 1⁄
8 8 8 8
e) None of the above
P.T.O.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 10
Question 24
A panel of meteorological and civil engineers study the emergency evacuation plans for Florida’s
Gulf Coast to determine the time taken (to the nearest hour) to evacuate in the event of a
hurricane. It has been estimated that it would take from 13 hours to 16 hours to evacuate people
living in the area. The probability that it takes 13 hours to evacuate is 0.27. The probabilities that
it takes 14, 15 and 16 hours to evacuate are 0.34, 0.19 and 0.2 respectively. Determine the
average evacuation time.
a) 14.32 hours
b) 15.1 hours
c) 15.33 hours
d) 13.91 hours
e) 14.5 hours
Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following information:
A survey of bikers, commissioned by the Progressive Group of Insurance Companies, showed that
40% of bikers have body art, such as tattoos and piercings. A group of 10 bikers are in the process
of buying motorcycle insurance.
Question 25
What is the probability that 2 to 4 of them have some form of body art?
a) 0.4658
b) 0.2150
c) 0.3718
d) 0.5867
e) None of the above
Question 26
If you wanted to find the probability that at least 4 of the bikers have body art, which of the
following commands would you use in Microsoft Excel?
a) = 𝐵𝐼𝑁𝑂𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 4 ; 10 ; 0,4 ; 𝑇𝑅𝑈𝐸 )
b) = 1 − 𝐵𝐼𝑁𝑂𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 4 ; 10 ; 0,4 ; 𝐹𝐴𝐿𝑆𝐸 )
c) = 𝐵𝐼𝑁𝑂𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 3 ; 10 ; 0,4 ; 𝐹𝐴𝐿𝑆𝐸 )
d) = 1 − 𝐵𝐼𝑁𝑂𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 3 ; 10 ; 0,4 ; 𝑇𝑅𝑈𝐸 )
e) None of the above
P.T.O.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 11
Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following information:
In North America the infrastructure is deteriorating. In Toronto, pipes that supply homes with
water are breaking due to old age. It has been found that there are, on average, 30 major water
leaks per month.
Question 27
What is the probability that there will be 45 major water leaks over the next two months?
a) 0.1779
b) 0.0023
c) 0.0076
d) 0.0314
e) 0.4201
Question 28
If each major water leak costs $2800 to fix, approximately how much could the Toronto city
council expect to pay for fixing leaks over the next year?
a) $ 33 600
b) $ 2 016 000
c) $ 1 008 000
d) $ 168 000
e) None of the above
Question 29
Which of the following statements is true?
a) For a Binomial distribution, the probability of success increases as the number of trials
increase.
b) For a Hypergeometric distribution, the probability of success is always constant.
c) If 𝑋~𝐵𝑖𝑛(20; 0.5), then 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 10) = 0.5
d) For a Poisson distribution, the variance always increases as the mean increases.
e) For a Binomial distribution, when the probability of success is 0.8 the distribution is
positively skewed.
Question 30
Find the positive value 𝑐 such that the area under the Standard Normal curve between 𝑐 and 0 is
0.3729.
a) 𝑐 = 0.37
b) 𝑐 = 2.01
c) 𝑐 = 0.87
d) 𝑐 = 0.32
e) 𝑐 = 1.14
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 12
Questions 31 and 32 are based on the following information:
The alkalinity, in milligrams per litre, of water in rivers in a particular region is known to be
normally distributed with a mean of 80.5 mg/l and a standard deviation of 10 mg/l.
Question 31
If an alkalinity reading is taken, what is the probability that it is between 80.5 mg/l and 99.8 mg/l?
a) 0.1930
b) 0.4732
c) 0.5106
d) 0.9464
e) 0.9732
Question 32
If a sample of 10 alkalinity readings is taken, what is the probability that their average alkalinity is
more than 70.5 mg/l?
a) 0.9992
b) 0.8299
c) 0.1587
d) 0.0008
e) None of the above
Questions 33 and 34 are based on the following information:
Based on information gathered over the past several years, it is known that 13% of high school
students living in Kwa-Zulu Natal attend private schools. A random sample of 200 high school
students from Kwa-Zulu Natal is randomly chosen.
Question 33
What is the probability that more than 15% of the students in the sample attend private schools?
a) 0.9938
b) 0.7995
c) 0.8400
d) 0.2005
e) 0.0062
Question 34
What is the probability that there is a difference of at most 0.3% between the sample proportion
of high school students attending private schools and the proportion calculated using data from
the last several years?
a) 0.1034
b) 0.13
c) 0.296
d) 0.38
e) 0.2248
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 13
Question 35
The speed limit on the N2 is currently 120 kilometres per hour (km/h). The Department of
Transport is wanting to change the limit so that only 5% of motorists will exceed the new limit.
The speed of vehicles on the N2 has been found to be normally distributed with a mean of 110
km/h and a standard deviation of 9 km/h. What new speed limit will be chosen?
a) 110 km/h
b) 105 km/h
c) 115 km/h
d) 95 km/h
e) 125 km/h
Question 36
Consider random variables 𝑋 and 𝑌 where
2
𝑋~𝜒15 and 𝑌~𝐹15 ;10
Which of the following statements is true?
a) 𝑃(𝑋 > 27.49) = 𝑃(𝑌 < 3.52)
b) 𝑃(𝑌 > 0) = 𝑃(𝑋 > 0)
c) 𝑋 and 𝑌 are defined for only negative values.
d) 𝑃(𝑋 > 25.19) = 1 + 𝑃(𝑋 < 25.19)
e) All of the above statements are false.
Question 37
Suppose it is known that 63% of a large population carry a specific gene. A sample of 300 people
is randomly selected from this population. To calculate the probability that the sample proportion
of people that have this gene is more than 0.55, the command that will be used in Microsoft Excel
is
a) = 1 − 𝑁𝑂𝑅𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 0,55 ; 0,63 ; 0,63 ∗ 0,37/300 ; 𝑇𝑅𝑈𝐸 )
b) = 𝑁𝑂𝑅𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 0,55 ; 0,63 ; 𝑆𝑄𝑅𝑇(0,63 ∗ 0,37/300) ; 𝑇𝑅𝑈𝐸 )
c) = 1 − 𝑁𝑂𝑅𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 0,55 ; 0,63 ; 𝑆𝑄𝑅𝑇(0,63 ∗ 0,37/300) ; 𝑇𝑅𝑈𝐸 )
d) = 𝑁𝑂𝑅𝑀. 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇 ( 0,55 ; 0,63 ; 0,63 ∗ 0,37/300 ; 𝐹𝐴𝐿𝑆𝐸 )
e) None of the above
P.T.O.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 14
Question 38
A point estimate is defined as:
a) The average of the sample values.
b) A number that can be used to estimate a point in time.
c) A single value that is an estimate of an unknown population parameter.
d) The average of the population values.
e) A single value that is an estimate of an unknown sample statistic.
Questions 39 to 42 are based on the following information:
Many people are members of walking clubs. You believe that the average speed of walkers at the
Camperdown club is faster than the average speed of walkers at the Kloof club. The average
speed of walkers at the Kloof club is 4.3 kilometres per hour (km/h). You select a random sample
of 36 walkers from the Camperdown club and get a mean of 4.18 km/h and a standard deviation
of 0.64 km/h. Using this information, you do a hypothesis test to see if your beliefs could be true.
You use a 10% level of significance and assume that the sample standard deviation is equal to that
of the population.
Question 39
What is the value of the test statistic that you calculate for your hypothesis test?
a) –1.125
b) 1.282
c) –0.9
d) –1.282
e) None of the above
Question 40
Suppose that the null hypothesis is not rejected in favour of the alternative hypothesis. You can
conclude that
a) 10% of the time the average speed of the Camperdown walkers is the same as that of the
Kloof walkers.
b) there is enough evidence, using a 10% level of significance, to indicate that the average
speed of the Camperdown walkers is the same as that of the Kloof walkers.
c) there is not enough evidence to indicate that the average speed of the Camperdown
walkers is 10% faster than that of the Kloof walkers.
d) there is enough evidence, using a 10% level of significance, to indicate that all
Camperdown walkers are not faster than Kloof walkers.
e) there is not enough evidence, using a 10% level of significance, to indicate that the
average speed of the Camperdown walkers is faster than that of the Kloof walkers.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 15
Question 41
You suspect that your assumption that the sample variance is equal to the population variance is
incorrect. You suspect that the population variance is actually greater than that of the sample.
You do a hypothesis test, using a 5% level of significance, to confirm your suspicions. For this test,
the rejection region that you use is
a) 𝑅𝑅 = { 𝜒02 | 𝜒02 > 51 }
b) 𝑅𝑅 = { 𝜒02 | 𝜒02 < 20.57 𝑜𝑟 𝜒02 > 53.2 }
c) 𝑅𝑅 = { 𝜒02 | 𝜒02 < 21.34 𝑜𝑟 𝜒02 > 54.44 }
d) 𝑅𝑅 = { 𝜒02 | 𝜒02 > 22.47 }
e) 𝑅𝑅 = { 𝜒02 | 𝜒02 > 49.8 }
Question 42
You decide to estimate the population variance by constructing a 95% confidence interval. The
confidence interval that you construct is
a) ( 0.421 ; 1.088 )
b) ( 0.269 ; 0.697 )
c) ( 0.288 ; 0.638 )
d) ( 0.450 ; 0.997 )
e) None of the above
Questions 43, 44 and 45 are based on the following information:
You work for a travel agency and believe that due to the increase in the price of petrol, 42% of
your customers will travel less next year than they did this year. You survey a random sample of
1500 of your customers and find that 585 of them say they will travel less next year. Using this
information, you do a hypothesis test, using a 5% level of significance, to see if your belief could
be correct.
Question 43
Which of the following pairs of hypotheses are suitable for your hypothesis test?
a) 𝐻0 ∶ 𝑝 = 0.42 𝑣𝑠 𝐻1 ∶ 𝑝 = 0.39
b) 𝐻0 ∶ 𝑝 = 0.42 𝑣𝑠 𝐻1 ∶ 𝑝 < 0.42
c) 𝐻0 ∶ 𝑝 = 0.39 𝑣𝑠 𝐻1 ∶ 𝑝 ≠ 0.39
d) 𝐻0 ∶ 𝑝 = 0.42 𝑣𝑠 𝐻1 ∶ 𝑝 ≠ 0.42
e) 𝐻0 ∶ 𝑝 = 0.42 𝑣𝑠 𝐻1 ∶ 𝑝 > 0.42
Question 44
What is the value of the test statistic that you use for your hypothesis test?
a) –2.38
b) –1.645
c) –4.77
d) –2.35
e) –1.943
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 16
Question 45
You decide to construct a 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of customers that will
travel less next year. The confidence interval that you construct is
( 0.37 ; 0.41 ).
Thus, you can say
a) with 95% confidence, that less than 37% and more than 41% of customers will travel more
next year.
b) 95% of customers will travel 37% to 41% less often next year.
c) with 95% confidence, that from 37% to 41% of customers will travel less next year.
d) with 5% confidence, that from 37% to 41% of customers will travel more next year.
e) that all the customers in the sample will travel less next year.
Question 46
Consider the following (1 − 𝛼)100% confidence interval for the population mean, 𝜇, where the
population variance, 𝜎 2 , is unknown and 𝑛 < 30:
𝑠
𝑥̅ ± 𝑡𝑛−1 ;1−𝛼⁄2
√𝑛
Which of the following statements is false?
a) If the sample mean were increased while all the other values stayed the same, the
confidence interval would shift to the right.
b) If the confidence coefficient were decreased while all other values remained the same, the
confidence interval would become narrower.
c) If the sample standard deviation were to decrease while all the other values remained the
same, the confidence interval would become narrower.
d) If the sample mean and confidence coefficient were decreased while all the other values
stayed the same, the confidence interval would shift left and become narrower.
e) All of the above statements are false.
P.T.O.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 17
Question 47
An architect wants to determine how the number of stories in a building affects the height (in
feet) of the building. Using information gathered from 15 randomly selected tall buildings, the
architect constructs the following least squares line:
𝑦̂ = 206.4 + 9.3 𝑥
Using this least squares line, how tall would you expect a 45-story building to be?
a) 212.1 ft
b) 624.9 ft
c) 260.7 ft
d) 578.4 ft
e) None of the above
Questions 48 and 49 are based on the following information:
A chemistry school teacher was interested in finding out if there is a relationship between the
marks of a theory test (X) and those of a practical test (Y). The marks (%) for 11 randomly selected
chemistry students are given in the table below.
Theory Practical
30 52
42 58
49 42
50 67
63 94
38 68
43 22
36 34
54 55
42 48
26 17
Question 48
The line of best fit for the test data above is
a) 𝑦̂ = 1.37 𝑥 + 8.09
b) 𝑦̂ = 0.32 𝑥 − 26.69
c) 𝑦̂ = 1.37 𝑥 − 8.09
d) 𝑦̂ = 26.69 − 0.32 𝑥
e) None of the above
University of KwaZulu-Natal, November 2018 Main Exam: STAT130 W2 18
Question 49
The correlation coefficient for the above data is
a) 0.663
b) 0.440
c) 0.872
d) –0.689
e) 0.012
Question 50
A researcher uses a linear regression equation to predict the cost of food bills (in Rands) based on
family size (number of people per household). The correlation coefficient between the predicted
food bill and family size is 0.60. Which of the following statements is true?
a) 60% of the variability in food bills can be explained by its linear relationship with the
family size.
b) For each extra person added to the household, the food bill increases by 60 cents.
c) 36% of the variability in food bills can be explained by its linear relationship with the
family size.
d) For each extra person added to the household, the food bill increases by 36 cents.
e) None of the above statements are true.
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