Introduction to ESP32
ESP32 comes with an on-chip 32-bit microcontroller with
integrated Wi-Fi + Bluetooth + BLE features that targets a wide
range of applications. It is a series of low-power and low-cost
developed by Espressif Systems.
ESP32 Wroom Development Board
Features of ESP-Wroom-32
ESP-Wroom-32 contains a low-power Tensilica Xtensa®
Dual-Core 32-bit LX6 microprocessor at 240 MHz:
994.26 CoreMark; 4.14 CoreMark/MHz
448 KB of ROM for booting and core functions.
520 KB of on-chip SRAM for data and instructions.
4MB of Flash Memory
16 KB SRAM in RTC
Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n
Bluetooth v4.2 BR/EDR and Bluetooth LE specifications
ESP32 Board Highlights
ESP-WROOM-32
ESP-WROOM-32 development board containing Tensilica
Xtensa® Dual-Core 32-bit LX6 microprocessor operates at
80 to 240 MHz adjustable clock frequency.
It comes with 448 KB of ROM, 520 KB of on-chip SRAM, and
4MB of Flash Memory.
Wireless Connectivity
On-chip Wi-Fi supports 802.11b/g/n standard
Operates at 2.4 GHz band, up to 150 Mbps
It also supports Bluetooth v4.2 BR/EDR and Bluetooth LE
specifications this dual mode of Bluetooth makes it even
more versatile
Reset/Boot buttons
In ESP32 board comes with two main push buttons one is the
Reset (RST/EN) button another is the BOOT button.
The reset button is used to reset the ESP32 Chip.
The use of the boot button is to enter in boot mode to upload
the new sketch or program
Power
ESP32 development board power up from two sources one is
from an external 5 Volt source and another from the USB
power source.
The ESP32 Board operates at a 2.3 Volt to 3.6 Volt voltage
source and its recommended output current is 600 mA or
more.
Most of the ESP32 development board has an inbuilt 1117
voltage regulator which converts the 5-volt input to 3.3 volts
at the output.
Status Indicator
In ESP32 development board has one red led status
indicator, which shows status while program uploading and
serial communication.
ESP32 Development Board Pinout
The ESP32 development board has a total of 38 pinouts, the pin
mapping that are as follows
ESP32 Pinout Diagram
Advanced Peripheral Interfaces
GPIO: Total 32 Multifunctional GPIOs are available on the ESP-
Wroom-32 development board which can be used for input/output
devices. Every GPIO pin can be configured as an internal pull-up,
pull-down, or set to high impedance. The input can also be set to
edge-trigger or level-trigger to generate CPU interrupts.
Note: GPIO34, GPIO35, GPIO36, and GPIO39 are the only input
pins
ADC: On-chip 12-bit SAR (Successive Approximation Registers)
ADCs (Analog to Digital Converter) which supports measurements
on 16 channels of ESP32.
DAC: On-chip two 8-bit DAC (Digital to Analog) channels to
produce digital signals into analog voltage signal outputs.
Both DAC channels can also support independent conversions.
PWM: ESP32 development board has support 8-bit 32 channels
PWM. The pins with the symbol ‘~’ represent that it has PWM
support. It can be used for dimming LEDs or controlling motors
etc.
TOUCH Pad: ESP32 has 10 capacitive sensing GPIOs, that detect
physical touch by the human body. This technique can replace
mechanical buttons and switches to eliminate mechanical wear
and tear.
I2C: The ESP32 development board has only one I2C bus
interface (Supported in Arduino IDE). which can serve as an I2C
master or slave, depending on the user’s configuration.
The I2C interfaces support:
Standard mode Support (100 Kbit/s)
Fast mode Support (400 Kbit/s)
Support both 7-bit and 10-bit addressing modes
Dual addressing mode
SPI: ESP32 has three SPIs which are SPI, HSPI, and VSPI. These
SPIs also support the following general-purpose SPI features:
Four modes of SPI transfer format (depend on the polarity
and the phase of the SPI clock)
Speed Up to 80 MHz
up to 64-byte FIFO
UART: ESP32 development board has two UART interfaces UART0
and UART1. Both provide asynchronous communication and
support to RS232, RS485, and IrDA too.
Way of Programming for ESP32
The ESP32 supports both C/C++ and MicroPython programming
languages that you can use to program your ESP32. Now, let’s
check the supported ide for both types of languages.
Here’s a list of IDEs that supports to program the ESP32 series
boards with C/C++.
ESP-IDF
Arduino IDE
VS Code
Here’s a list of IDEs that supports to program the ESP32 series
boards with MicroPython.
Thonny IDE
PyCharm
Mu Editor
uPyCraft IDE
VS Code + Pymakr extension
The ESP32 is a
chip that provides Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity for embedded devices. It has many features,
including:
ADC pins
The ESP32 has 18 analog to digital converter (ADC) channels that can read analog signals from sensors.
Some ADC pins include GPIO 36, GPIO 37, GPIO 38, GPIO 39, GPIO 32, GPIO 33, GPIO 34, GPIO 35, GPIO
4, GPIO 0, GPIO 2, GPIO 15, GPIO 13, GPIO 12, GPIO 14, GPIO 27, GPIO 25, and GPIO 26.
Touch sensor pins
These pins can detect capacitance changes, allowing for touch-sensitive interfaces and waking up the
ESP32 from deep sleep.
PWM pins
These pins generate analog-like signals from digital outputs, which can be used for motor control and
LED dimming.
Hall effect sensors
These built-in sensors detect magnetic fields, which can be useful for proximity sensing.
GPIO pins
The ESP32 has 34 GPIO pins that can be used as general-purpose I/O or connected to internal peripheral
signals.
Bootstrapping pins
These pins are used for bootstrapping during the boot process. They include GPIO0, GPIO2, GPIO5,
GPIO12, and GPIO15.
JTAG pins
These pins can be used for debugging purposes. They include GPIO12, GPIO13, GPIO14, and GPIO15.
When designing a project with an ESP32, it's important to plan pin usage carefully to avoid conflicts and
ensure proper functioning.
