Automation Control

Process Control Topic-2

Lecture-4

Fundamentals
Industrial Engineering Department, UET Peshawar

!1
 This Lecture

❖ ISA Symbology
❖ Identification Letters
❖ Alphabets
❖ Numbers
❖

!2
ISA Symbology
Circle
❖ A circle represents
individual measurement

Instrument instrument
❖ Transmitter

❖ Sensors

❖ Detectors
Circle with Lines

❖ No Line
Instrument Accessibility ❖

❖
Solid Line
Dashed Line
Circle with Lines

Double line means the

Location
❖

instrument is in Auxiliary
Position (Instrument rack)
Square with a Circle

Display and Control ❖ Both Display

Measurement readings
and

Types
❖ May perform some control
function
Hexagon

R e p re s e n t computer
Control Types
❖

functions
❖ Carried out by controller
Square with Diamond

PLC Types ❖ Represents PLCs

Two Triangles (Bow Tie Shape)
❖ Represents Valves
❖ Actuator is always drawn above

Valves
the valve
❖ Three Types
❖ Pneumatic

❖ Manual

❖ Electric
Directional Arrows

Pumps ❖ The flow

represents a pump
direction
 Piping and Connections

❖ Piping and Connections are

represented with several
different symbols
Figure 7.14 shows the elements of ISA symbology used in a P&ID. 21.. In
si
Flow indicating controller that
performs a square root flow te
calculation (primary location) Temperature
indicating
controller (field
mounted)
1
FIC SP
TIC 2
123 Data link 123 3
Electrical PLC 4
signal
YIC
TY 123
Flow 123
transmitter Pneumatic
line
Temperature TT
computer
123
FT
123 Temperature
transmitter
Impulse
Tubing

Pipe

Pneumatically Electrically
actuated valve actuated valve

P&ID with ISA Symbology

Identification Letters
 ❖ Alphabets
❖ Three or Two

Identification Letters ❖ Numbers

❖ Tag Numbers

❖ Usually three

❖ Could be more
Numbers on P&ID symbols represent instrument tag numbers. Often
these numbers are associated with a particular control loop (e.g., flow
transmitter 123). See Figure 7.13.

Identification
letters
FIC
123
Tag number

Identification Letters and Tag Number

❖ Respective Control Loop

Tag Number ❖

❖
Same for one control loop
Different for more than one
control loop
 Alphabets
❖ Alphabets
❖ First
❖ Measured Variable
❖ Second
❖ Device Function
❖ Readout
❖ Modifier
❖ Third
❖ Device Function
❖ Modifier
 Measured Variable Modifier Readout Device Function Activities
Modifier
A Analysis Alarm
B Burner, combustion User’s choice User’s choice User’s choice
FIT C User’s choice Control
ST D User’s choice Differential
Sensor (primary
NO E Voltage
element)
XV F Flow rate Ration (fraction)
AP G User’s choice Glass, viewing device
H Hand High
PA
I Electrical Current Indication
CX J Power Scan
DDD K Time, time schedule Time rate of change Control station

TDT L Level Light Low

M User’s choice Momentary Middle, intermediate
BAC N User’s choice User’s choice User’s choice User’s choice
O User’s choice Orifice, restriction
P Pressure, vacuum Point, test connection
Q Quantity Integrate, totalizer
R Radiation Record
S Speed, frequency Safety Switch
T Temperature Transmit
U Multivariable Multifunction Multifunction Multifunction
Vibration, mechanical
V Valve, damper, louver
analysis
W Weight, force Well
X Unclassified X axis Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified
Event, state, or
Relay, compute,
Y presence Y axis
convert

Z Position, dimension Z axis Driver, actuator

 Modifiers

❖ M-Alphabet
❖ Modifier
❖ Momentary
❖ 2nd Position
❖ Intermediate,Middle
❖ 3rd Position
Figure 7.14 shows the elements of ISA symbology used in a P&ID. 21.. In
si
Flow indicating controller that
performs a square root flow te
calculation (primary location) Temperature
indicating
controller (field
mounted)
1
FIC SP
TIC 2
123 Data link 123 3
Electrical PLC 4
signal
YIC
TY 123
Flow 123
transmitter Pneumatic
line
Temperature TT
computer
123
FT
123 Temperature
transmitter
Impulse
Tubing

Pipe

Pneumatically Electrically
actuated valve actuated valve

P&ID with ISA Symbology

“Life become much easier when you learn to
accept the apology you never got”

–R. Brault