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A Synchronous

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4 views3 pages

A Synchronous

Uploaded by

Najmudeen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Asynchronous JavaScript is a fundamental aspect of web development that allows you to

perform operations without blocking the main execution thread. This is particularly useful for
tasks that involve network requests, timers, or any other operations that may take some time to
complete. Here’s a detailed explanation of the key concepts and methods involved in
asynchronous JavaScript:

Key Concepts

1. Non-blocking I/O:
o Asynchronous operations allow the execution of other code while waiting for a
task (like a network request) to complete. This prevents the user interface from
freezing and keeps the application responsive.
2. Event Loop:
o JavaScript uses an event loop to manage asynchronous operations. When an
asynchronous function is called, it is handed off to the Web APIs (like the Fetch
API), which manage the operation. Once the operation completes, a callback or
promise is added to the message queue, where it waits for the call stack to be clear
before executing.
3. Callbacks:
o A function passed as an argument to another function that is invoked after a
certain task is completed. Callbacks can lead to "callback hell," where nested
callbacks make the code difficult to read and maintain.
4. Promises:
o A more elegant way to handle asynchronous operations. A promise represents a
value that may be available now, or in the future, or never. Promises have three
states: pending, fulfilled, and rejected.
5. Async/Await:
o Syntactic sugar built on top of promises that makes asynchronous code look
synchronous. It allows for a cleaner and more readable way to handle
asynchronous code.

Methods of Asynchronous JavaScript

1. Callbacks:

function fetchData(callback) {

setTimeout(() => {

callback("Data received!");

}, 2000);

fetchData((data) => {
  In this example, fetchData simulates an asynchronous operation with setTimeout.
Once the operation completes, it calls the provided callback function.

 Promises:

function fetchData() {

return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {

setTimeout(() => {

const success = true; // Simulating success or failure

if (success) {

resolve("Data received!");

} else {

reject("Error fetching data.");

}, 2000);

});

fetchData()

.then(data => console.log(data)) // Outputs: Data received!

.catch(error => console.error(error));

  Here, fetchData returns a promise. You can use .then() to handle the successful
case and .catch() for error handling.

 Async/Await:

async function fetchData() {

return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {

setTimeout(() => {
resolve("Data received!");

}, 2000);

});

async function getData() {

try {

const data = await fetchData(); // Wait for the promise to resolve

console.log(data); // Outputs: Data received!

} catch (error) {

console.error(error);

getData();

1.
o In this example, getData is an async function that uses await to pause execution
until the promise from fetchData is resolved.

Error Handling

 Try/Catch:
o When using async/await, you can wrap the code in a try/catch block for error
handling.
  Callbacks: Good for simple asynchronous tasks but can lead to nested structures
(callback hell).
  Promises: Provide a clearer and more manageable way to handle asynchronous
operations, improving readability and maintainability.
  Async/Await: Simplifies working with promises, making asynchronous code look
synchronous and easier to read.

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