UNIVERSITY OF STEEL TECHNOLOGY
AND MANAGEMENT
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject Code:- Electric Vehicle Design and Development
Course Code: SOE–B–ME510
Credits: 2
Presented by :-
Dharmender Singh Saini
Asst. Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
1
Electric Vehicles
• A Brief History
• Advantages
• Challenges
• Meeting the Challenge
• EV’s Today
2
Kinds of Electric Vehicles
Locomotives Golf Carts Fork Lifts
Busses Nuclear Submarines Elevators
3
Kinds of Electric Cars
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Hybrid
Solar Racer
Neighborhood Full-Size
Electric Battery Electric
4
History of EV’s
• 1830’s
– Battery electric vehicle invented by
Thomas Davenport, Robert
Anderson, others - using non-
rechargeable batteries
– Davenport’s car holds all vehicle
land speed records until ~1900
• 1890’s
– EV’s outsold gas cars 10 to 1,
Oldsmobile and Studebaker
started as EV companies
• 1904
– First speeding ticket, issued to Ford Electric #2
driver of an EV
– Krieger Company builds first hybrid
vehicle
• 1910’s
– Mass-produced Ford cars undercut
hand-built EV’s
– EV’s persist as status symbols and
utility vehicles until Great
Depression
Detroit Electric
5
1968 – Great Electric Car Race
• Trans-continental race between MIT and Caltech
• 53 charging stations, spaced 60 mi apart
• MIT’s car used $20k of NiCd batteries ($122k in
2008 dollars), CalTech’s cost $600
6
1970 - Clean Air Car Race
• 50+ cars raced from MIT to
Caltech using many alternative
powertrains
• CalTech – Regenerative braking
• Boston Electric Car Club –
Battery Swapping
• Toronto University – Parallel
hybrid design very similar to
modern Prius architecture
• MIT – Series hybrid and
electrically commutated motor
7
What is an
EV?
• And how does it work?
8
Electrification
Conventional Hybrid Battery Electric
Fuel Battery Fuel Battery
Motor/ Motor/
Engine Generator
Engine
Generator
Transmission Transmission Transmission
9
Degrees of Hybridization
The vehicle is a…. Plug-
Micro Mild Full in
If it… Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid
Automatically stops/starts the engine
in stop-and-go traffic
Uses regenerative braking and
operates above 60 volts
Uses an electric motor to assist a
combustion engine
Can drive at times using only the
electric motor
Recharges batteries from a wall outlet
for extended all-electric range
Citroën C3 Honda Insight Toyota Prius Chevy Volt
Efficiency
10
Ecosystem of EVs
11
According to a Greenpeace research, air quality in India's largest cities is
deteriorating at an alarming rate.
22
SOURCE : THE HINDU
Out of the 30 most
polluted cities of the
DELHI world are in India
MUMBAI
Of NOx emissions in
BENGALURU
41% Delhi were due to
vehicles in 2020
HYDERABAD
CHENNAI Of PM2.5
LUCKNOW 23% emissions in Delhi
were due to
vehicles in 2020
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000
ESTIMATED DEATHS ESTIMATED COST(Cr.)
Electrification
Technological Advancement
Hydrogen
Fully Electric
Hybrid
Fuel + Electric
Natural Gas
and Biofuels
Advance
Internal
Combustion
Upto 15% 10%-30% 30%-40% 50%-100% 50%-100%
Carbon Reduction Potential 13
Source: Yes Bank Analysis
• Number of deaths due to pollution is Philippines 0.09
much higher in India than other Brazil …
developing/developed countries. Congo 0.12
USA 0.15
• As per studies conducted, deaths due
Russia 0.71
to pollution is 8 times higher in India
Indonesia 0.21
than neighbouring country Pakistan
and more than times than USA. Nigeria 0.25
Pakistan 0.31
• Due to India’s large population China 1.83
density, deaths occur more often India 2.51
than any other country.
- 1.00 2.00 3.00
Deaths in Millions
Source: Statista
14
Challenges
• Limited Range
– Large battery weight/size
• Long Charge times
• High initial cost
• Battery life
• Consumer acceptance
• Grid Integration
15
A webinar
on
Accelerating Power Electronic Design for EV/HEV using Simulation
By
Mr. Tushar Sambharam
Principal Electrification Solution Specialist
Ansys
16
