1.
Prepare the System
Ensure the system has the necessary tools and libraries.
sudo yum update -y
sudo yum install wget tar gcc libaio -y
2. Download MySQL Binaries
Download the desired version of MySQL from the official MySQL website.
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.xx-linux-
glibc2.xx-x86_64.tar.xz
Replace xx with the version numbers.
3. Extract the MySQL Binaries
Extract the tarball into the custom directory /app/mysql.
sudo mkdir -p /app/mysql
sudo tar -xvf mysql-8.0.xx-linux-glibc2.xx-x86_64.tar.xz -C /app/mysql --
strip-components=1
4. Create a MySQL User and Group
Create a dedicated user and group for MySQL.
sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -r -g mysql mysql
5. Set Up the MySQL Data Directory
Initialize the MySQL data directory within the base directory.
sudo mkdir -p /app/mysql/data
sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /app/mysql
cd /app/mysql
sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql
--datadir=/app/mysql/data
6. Configure MySQL
Create a custom configuration file /app/mysql/my.cnf to define the custom basedir and
datadir.
sudo vi /app/mysql/my.cnf
Add the following content:
[mysqld]
basedir=/app/mysql
datadir=/app/mysql/data
port=3306
socket=/app/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/app/mysql/mysql-error.log
pid-file=/app/mysql/mysql.pid
7. Set Up the MySQL Service
Create a custom systemd service file to manage MySQL.
sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
Add the following content:
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/app/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/app/mysql/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE=5000
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Reload the systemd daemon to recognize the new service.
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
8. Start and Enable MySQL
Start the MySQL service and enable it to run on boot.
sudo systemctl start mysql
sudo systemctl enable mysql
9. Secure MySQL
Run the MySQL secure installation script to set up security settings.
/app/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
10. Verify Installation
Log in to MySQL to ensure it is working properly.
/app/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
This process allows you to install and configure MySQL in a custom directory, making it
independent of the default /usr paths.
