Image Segmentation
Image Segmentation
● Image segmentation is the operation of partitioning an image into a collection
of connected sets of pixels
● The purpose of image segmentation is to partition an image into meaningful
regions with respect to a particular application
● The segmentation is based on measurements taken from the image and
might be grey level, colour, texture, depth or motion
Image Segmentation
Image Segmentation
Image Segmentation
Image Segmentation
Image Segmentation
Segmentation algorithms generally are based on one of two basis properties of intensity
values
•Discontinuity: This approach relies on the discontinuity of pixel intensity values of the image. Line,
Point, and Edge Detection techniques use this type of approach for obtaining intermediate
segmentation results which can be later processed to obtain the final segmented image.
•Similarity: This approach is based on detecting similarity between image pixels to form a segment,
based on a threshold. ML algorithms like clustering are based on this type of approach to segment an
image.
Segmentation Methods
Segmentation Methods
Image Segmentation Techniques
1. Threshold Based Segmentation
2. Edge Based Segmentation
3. Region-Based Segmentation
4. Clustering Based Segmentation
5. Artificial Neural Network Based Segmentation
Threshold-based image segmentation
Threshold-based image segmentation
Threshold-based image segmentation
Threshold-based image segmentation
The simplest approach to segment an image is using thresholding.
If f (x, y) > T then
f (x, y) = 0
else f (x, y) = 255
Drawbacks of thresholding
- Pixels assigned to a single class need not form coherent regions as the spatial
locations of pixels are completely ignored
- Threshold selection is not always straightforward.
Two approaches
Edge-based image segmentation
● Edge detection is the process of locating edges in an image
● An edge filter is applied to the image
● Pixels are classified as edges or non/edges depending on the filter output
● Pixels which are not separated by an edge are located to the same category.
Edge-based image segmentation
Edge-based Segmentation
Point Detection
Edge-based image segmentation: Point Detection
Edge-based image segmentation: Point Detection
Edge-based image segmentation
Edge-based Segmentation
● Segmentation by finding pixels on a region boundary.
● Edges found by looking at neighboring pixels.
● Region boundary formed by measuring gray value differences between neighboring
pixels
Edge-based Segmentation: Line Detection
Edge Detection
Edge Detection
