Misr University for Science & Technology Fluid Mechanics
Faculty of Engineering (ME 213 A/B)
Mechanical Engineering Department Sheet #1
Fluid Properties
1- The volume of an ideal gas is to be reduced by half by compressing it
isothermally. Determine the required change in pressure.
2- It is observed that the density of an ideal gas decreases by 10 percent when
compressed isothermally from 10 atm to 11 atm. Determine the percent
decrease in density of the gas if it is compressed isothermally from 1000 atm
to 1001 atm.
3- Water at 1 atm pressure is compressed to 550 atm pressure isothermally.
Determine the increase in the density of water. Take the isothermal
compressibility of water to be 4.80 x 10-5 atm-1.
4- Water at 15°C and 1 atm pressure is heated to 100°C at constant pressure.
Using coefficient of volume expansion data, determine the change in the
density of water.
5- A 25-mm-diameter shaft is pulled through a
cylindrical bearing as shown in fig. The lubricant that
fills the 0.3-mm gap between the shaft and bearing
is an oil having a kinematic viscosity of 8 x 10-4 m2/s
and a specific gravity of 0.91.
Determine the force P required to pull the shaft at a velocity
of 3 m/s. Assume the velocity distribution in the gap is
linear.
6- A 10-cm diameter cylindrical shaft rotates inside a 40-cm long 10.3-cm
diameter bearing. The space between the shaft and the bearing is completely
filed with oil whose viscosity at anticipated operating temperature is 0.300
N.s/m2. Determine the power required to overcome friction when the shaft
rotates at a speed of (a) 600 rpm and (b) 1200 rpm.
1
7- A 50-cm x 30-cm x 20-cm block weighing 150 N is to be moved at a constant
velocity of 0.8 m/s on an inclined surface with a friction coefficient of 0.27.
(a) Determine the force F that needs to be applied in the horizontal direction.
(b) (b) If a 0.4-mm-thick oil film with a dynamic viscosity of 0.012 Pa. s is
applied between the block and inclined surface, determine the percent
reduction in the required force.
8- A thin plate moves between two parallel, horizontal, stationary flat surfaces at
a constant velocity of 5 m/s. The two stationary surfaces are spaced 4 cm
apart, and the medium between them is filled with oil whose viscosity is 0.9
N.s/m2. The part of the plate immersed in oil at any given time is 2-m long and
0.5-m wide. If the plate moves through the mid-plane between the surfaces,
determine the force required to maintain this motion. What would your
response be if the plate was 1 cm from the bottom surface (h2) and 3 cm from
the top surface (h1)?
9- A 30-cm.-diameter circular plate is placed over a fixed bottom plate with a 0.25
-cm. gap between the two plates filled with glycerin as shown in Fig. Determine
the torque required to rotate the circular plate slowly at 2 rpm. Assume that the
velocity distribution in the gap is linear and that the shear stress on the edge
of the rotating plate is negligible.
2
𝑟2
10- Laminar flow is given by 𝑢(𝑟) = 𝑢max(1 − )
𝑅2
, where 𝑅 is the radius of the pipe, 𝑟 is the radial
distance from the center of the pipe, and 𝑢max is the
maximum flow velocity, which occurs at the center,
given that 𝑅 = 0.08 𝑚, 𝑢max= 3 𝑚/𝑠 and µ = 0.001𝑘𝑔/𝑚. 𝑠.
Determine:
(a) The shearing stress acting on the pipe wall.
(b) The shearing stress acting on a plane parallel to the pipe walls and passing
through the centerline (mid-plane).
(c) Given the pipe length= 30 𝑚, calculate the drag force applied by the fluid
on pipe
11- Oil of viscosity µ fills the gap ℎ which is very small, calculate the torque
T, required to rotate the cone at constant speed 𝜔.
3
12- In some damping systems, a circular disk immersed in oil is used as a
damper, as shown in Figure. Show that the damping torque is proportional to
angular speed in accordance with the relation,
Tdamping = C ω
Where C equal to,
Assume linear velocity profiles on both sides of the disk and neglect the tip effects.
13- The velocity profile of a Newtonian fluid flowing over a fixed surface is
𝜋
approximated by 𝑢 = 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝑦). Determine the shear stress in the fluid
2ℎ
at y = h and at y = h/2. The viscosity of the fluid is µ.
