Topics to be Covered Determinants
Determinants are always Square
1. Determinant
Scalar Value
2. Properties of Determinants
3. Differentiation of Determinant
4. Sigma of Determinant
5. Cramer’s Rule
6. Cayley-Hamilton Theorem
Representation Determinant of 1x1 and 2x2
Question Question
The value of is The value of is
A. 2a2 A. 2
B. 0 B. -1
C. -3 C. 0
D. 3 D. cos2θ
Minors Cofactor
Cij = (-1)i + j Mij
Example: Example:
Cofactor Expanding / Opening Determinant
Cij = (-1)i + j Mij Expanding w.r.t R1
Determinant Value of 3x3 Determinant Value of 3x3
Cofactor Property Cofactor Property
In a determinant the sum of the product’s of the element’s of
any row (column) with their corresponding cofactor’s is equal
to the value of determinant.
Shortcut (Rule of Sarrus) Shortcut (Rule of Sarrus)
Properties of Determinants Properties of Determinants
1. |AT| = |A|
4. If row or columns are rotated in cyclic order then value of
2. |I| = 1
determinant is unchanged
3. If any two rows (or columns) of a determinant be interchanged, the
5. If a determinant has any two rows (or columns) identical, then its
value of determinant is changed in sign only.
value is zero.
Properties of Determinants Properties of Determinants
6. Scalar multiplication: Scalar will be multiplied in any one row (or 7. |kA| = kn |A|, where n is order of A.
column)
8. The value of a skew symmetric determinant of odd order is zero.
Properties of Determinants Properties of Determinants
9. Adding Determinants 10. Splitting Determinants
Question Properties of Determinants
11. | AB | = |A| |B|
12. If det(A) = 0, then A is known as singular matrix.
13. |Cofactor A| = |adj A| = |A|n-1
14. Determinant of Upper, Lower Triangular and Diagonal Matrix is product of its
diagonal elements
Question (JEE Main 2024)
Question (JEE Main 2024)
Question (JEE Main 2024)
Question (JEE Adv. 2022)
Properties of Determinants Questions
14. The value of determinant remains same if we apply elementary
Prove that
transformation
R1 ⟶ R1 + kR2 + mR3 or C1 ⟶ C1 + kC2 + mC3
JEE Main PYQ
Special Determinants
Special Determinants Question (JEE Main 2024)
JEE Main 2022
Question (JEE Main 2020)
Question (JEE Main 2021)
Question (JEE Main 2021) Question (JEE Main 2019)
Homework
Ans: 6
Question (JEE Main 2021) Differentiating Determinants
Question (JEE Main 2024) Question (JEE Main 2023)
Question (JEE Main 2024)
Sigma of Determinant
Question (JEE Main 2023)
Question (JEE Main 2024)
System of Linear Equation Cramer’s Rule for 2 Eqn, 2 Variable
1 Determinant Method (Cramer’s Rule)
2 Matrix Method (Gauss- Jordan Method)
Cramer’s Rule for 2 Eqn, 2 Variable JEE Advanced 2016
Solution Cramer’s Rule for 3 Eqn, 3 Variable
a1x + b1y + c1z = d1
a2x + b2y + c2z = d2
a3x + b3y + c3z = d3
a1 b1 c1
D= a2 b2 c2
a3 b3 c3
d1 b1 c1 a1 d1 c1 a1 b1 d1
D1 = d2 b2 c2 D2 = a2 d2 c2 D3 = a2 b2 d2
d3 b3 c3 a3 d3 c3 a3 b3 d3
Cramer’s Rule Important Terms
i. Consistent: solution exists (unique or infinite solution)
If D ≠ 0 ii. Inconsistent: solution does not exist (No solution)
If D = 0
Unique solution iii. Homogeneous equations: constant terms are zero
iv. Trivial solution: all variables = zero i.e., x = 0, y = 0, z = 0.
If atleast one of If D1 = D2 = D3 = 0
D1, D2, D3 ≠ 0 Infinite Solution Or
No solution No Solution
No soln. (if planes are ||rl)
Homogeneous Linear Equations JEE Main PYQs
The system of equations
a1x + b1y + c1z = 0 D 1 = D2 = D3 = 0 kx + y + z = 1
a2x + b2y + c2z = 0 x + ky + z = k
a3x + b3y + c3z = 0 x + y + zk = k2
has no solution, if k is equal to -
A. 0
B. 1
C. -1
D. -2
JEE Main PYQs Solution
For the system of linear equations
x - 2y = 1
x - y + kz = -2
ky + 4z = 6, k ∈ R
Consider the following statements:
1. The system has unique solution if k ≠ 2, k ≠ -2
2. The system has unique solution if k = -2
3. The system has unique solution if k = 2
4. The system has no solution if k = 2
5. The system has infinite number of solutions if k ≠ -2
Which of the following statements are correct?
A. 2 & 5 only C. 1 & 4 only
B. 3 & 4 only D. 1 & 5 only
JEE Main PYQs JEE Main PYQs
If the system of equations The value of k ∈ R, for which the following system of linear
kx + y + 2z = 1 equations
3x - y - 2z = 2 3x - y + 4z = 3
-2x - 2y - 4z = 3 x + 2y - 3z = -2
6x + 5y + kz = -3
has infinitely many solutions, Has infinitely many solutions is :
then k is equal to -
A. 3
B. -5
C. 5
D. -3
Question (JEE Main 2024) Solution
Question (JEE Main 2024) Solution
Question (JEE Main 2024) Solution
Question (JEE Adv. 2023) Question (JEE Adv. 2023)
Solution Cayley - Hamilton Theorem
Every square matrix satisfies its own characteristic equation
Cayley - Hamilton Theorem Question (JEE Main 2024)
Question (JEE Main 2024)
