11/8/2020
Ali M. Sahlodin
Department of Chemical Engineering
AmirKabir University of Technology
Fall 1398 S.H
Ali M. Sahlodin ()ﻋﻠﯽ ﷴ ﺳﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﯾﻦ
BSc in Chem. Eng., University of Tehran (1384).
MSc in Simulation and Control, Sharif University of Technology (1386).
PhD in Process Optimization, McMaster University (1391).
Postdoc in Dynamic Optimization, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(1392-1394).
Sr Engineer, Aspen Technology (1394-1397).
Office location: 4th floor
Email: sahlodin@aut.ac.ir
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 2
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Your name
Your background
Your current concentration
What do you expect from this course?
My way of communication with you:
•Class announcements
•Email (your official AUT email, so please check regularly!)
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 3
Lectures
Powerpoint slides/chalkboard/whiteboard
Slides available on LMS.
Use of Software as appropriate
Octave, COCO, DWSIM, etc
Class discussions
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 4
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Assignments (50%)
Done individually
Project (30%)
Groups of two or three
Members’ contributions must be clearly specified.
Report and oral presentation
Final (20%)
Working with software like Octave, MATLAB, or similar
may be required.
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 5
Attendance required.
Attention requested.
Questions may be asked at any time.
Remember: no question is naïve!
Assignments
Late assignments may be penalized.
Too late submission will NOT be accepted.
Assignments must be submitted in a single PDF via LMS (no hardcopy)
Email only if LMS closed (include student # in subject line)
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 6
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Be present (physically)
Be present (mentally)
Understand the concepts
Get involved (ask questions, etc)
Do the assignments
Yes if you
Are interested in process simulation
Are interested in working with equations
Are interested in ‘learning by doing’
No if you
Hate process dynamics!
Hate math!
Hate computer-aided simulation!
Do not know any coding.
Are too busy to attend the class regularly!
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Citation:
Acknowledge the source (even if your own work).
Never copy a sentence unless you use quotation and give
proper citation.
Cite credible sources (No Wikipedia please!)
Collaboration:
Group thinking is encouraged, but codes and write-ups must be
done independently.
Do not procrastinate; be ahead of time!
Projects/assignments
Always report results truthfully.
If you don’t get results, do not push. Step back and check your
assumptions, etc.
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 9
Report: Single PDF file
Handwritten OK (take a quality picture and paste into Word)
Make sure text is legible (use enough light, no shadows)
Upload to LMS
Email only when LMS is closed (subject line: student #)
Code must be submitted as a separate file (zip, no RAR)
All plots, formulas must appear in the report, as
requested.
Zero mark if I have to run your code to generate the plots
Zero mark if I have to see your code to find an equation, etc.
Please adhere to academic integrity practices (no
copying!)
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Welcome to the course!
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 11
Merriam-Webster: a system of postulates, data,
and inferences presented as a mathematical description
of an entity or state of affairs.
Input Output
Process
"All models are wrong but some are useful“ George Box
Simulation
•Simply solving the model; no need for a particular software package.
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 12
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First-principles models
Let the physics derive the model (mass/energy balance).
Data-driven models
Let the data derive the model.
Combination models
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 13
No adequate knowledge of
system’s physical behavior
Perturb the system to identify Input Output
Process
it.
Typical steps
Collect data set
Train the model using training Model
set Calc. output
Test the model using validation
set
Artificial Machine
intelligence learning
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 14
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Process design
Operating conditions
Design alternatives
By mbeychok, Wikipedia CC BY SA 3.0
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 15
Process operation
How to reach design
specifications?
How to maintain design
specifications?
What-if scenarios
By mbeychok, Wikipedia CC BY SA 3.0
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 16
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Process modifications
Replaceequipment
Change products
By mbeychok, Wikipedia CC BY SA 3.0
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 17
Process optimization
Maximize
production/profit
Minimize cost
By mbeychok, Wikipedia CC BY SA 3.0
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 18
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Micro-scale modeling (control volume)
Use of simulation software
Mostly steady state
IN OUT
COCO (HDA process)
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 19
How complex transient (dynamic) processes are
modeled.
How resulting dynamic models are solved.
How process simulators work
How to use and troubleshoot process simulators
effectively
How to go beyond merely using a simulator.
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 20
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Dynamic systems
are more fun!
are less discussed.
time
are less understood by engineers.
Have more applications than you
might have thought.
Complex dynamic systems are (a lot
of times) not handled properly by
commercial simulators
Learning DYNAMICS gives you an edge!
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 21
?
?
?
…
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 22
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Inherently dynamic
Pharmaceuticals
Specialty products
T(t) FA
t
V(t)
t
CC(t)
A+BC
t
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Product grade transition
Feedstock changes
Separation
Startup and shutdown Feed Product
Reactor
Process
variable
t
startup shutdown
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 24
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Examples:
Minimize startup time
Minimize startup waste
Maximize yield in a batch process
FA
We need a model for optimization
What temperature profile maximizes production?
heat
A+BC
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 25
Processcontrol is all about dynamics!
Advanced control algorithms require process models
Model predictive control
Seader’s Chapter 20 Supplement
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Which one should I learn in a graduate course?
COCO (HDA process)
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 27
Steady-state and dynamic modeling
Refresher on differential equations (ODEs, PDEs)
Differential-algebraic equations (DAEs)
Theory of DAEs, solution methods
Processes with hybrid dynamic models
Modeling and simulation methods
Plant-wide simulation
Steady-state/dynamic
Sequential-modular/Equation-oriented (simultaneous)
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 28
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Analysis, Synthesis, and Numerical Solution of Systematic Methods
Design of Chemical Processes Initial-Value of Chemical Process
Problems in Design
Turton, R., Bailie, R.C., Whiting, Differential-Algebraic
W.B., Shaeiwitz, J.A., Debangsu Equations Lorenz T.
Bhattacharyya , 4th Edition,
Biegler, Ignacio E.
Prentice-Hall International Series K. E. Brenan, S. L. Grossmann, Arthur W.
in the Physical and Chemical Campbell, and L. R. Westerberg
Engineering Sciences, 2012. Petzold, 1995 Prentice Hall PTR, 1997
Research papers/online material
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 29
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