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Checkpoints Chapter 2

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36 views5 pages

Checkpoints Chapter 2

Uploaded by

metlos301
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 2

Input, Processing, and Output


Checkpoints
2.1 Who is a programmer’s customer?

Ans: Any person, group, or organization that is asking you to write a


program.

2.2 What is a software requirement?

Ans: A single function that the program must perform in order to


satisfy the
customer.

2.3 What is an algorithm?

Ans: A set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to


perform a task.

2.4 What is pseudocode?

Ans: An informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant
to be
compiled or executed. Instead, programmers use pseudocode to
create
models, or “mock-ups,” of programs.

2.5 What is a flowchart?

Ans: A diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in
a program.

2.6 What do each of the following symbols mean in a flowchart?


• Oval
• Parallelogram
• Rectangle

Ans: Ovals are terminal symbols. Parallelograms are either output


or input
symbols. Rectangles are processing symbols.
2.7 Write a statement that displays your name.

Ans: print(‘Samya Ayaz’)

2.8 Write a statement that displays the following text:


Python's the best!

Ans: print("Python's the best!")

2.9 Write a statement that displays the following text:


The cat said "meow."

Ans: print('The cat said "meow"')

2.10 What is a variable?

Ans: A name that references a value in the computer's memory.

2.11 Which of the following are illegal variable names in Python, and why?
x
99bottles
july2009
theSalesFigureForFiscalYear
r&d
grade_report

Ans: 99bottles is illegal because it begins with a number. r&d is


illegal because
the & character is not allowed.

2.12 Is the variable name Sales the same as sales? Why or why not?

Ans: No, it is not because variable names are case sensitive.

2.13 Is the following assignment statement valid or invalid? If it is invalid,


why?
72 = amount

Ans: It is invalid because the variable that is receiving the


assignment (in this case
amount) must appear on the left side of the = operator.

2.14 What will the following code display?


val = 99
print('The value is', 'val')

Ans: The value is val.

2.15 Look at the following assignment statements:


value1 = 99, value2 = 45.9, value3 = 7.0, value4 = 7, value5 = 'abc'
After these statements execute, what is the Python data type of the values
referenced by each variable?

Ans: value1 will reference an int. value2 will reference a float.


value3 will reference a float. value4 will reference an int.
value5 will reference an str (string).

2.16 What will be displayed by the following program?


my_value = 99
my_value = 0
print(my_value)

Ans: This will Print 0

2.17 You need the user of a program to enter a customer’s last name. Write a
statement
that prompts the user to enter this data and assigns the input to a variable.

Ans: last_name = input("Enter the customer's last name: ")

2.18 You need the user of a program to enter the amount of sales for the
week. Write a
statement that prompts the user to enter this data and assigns the input to a
variable.

Ans: sales = float(input('Enter the sales for the week: '))

2.19 Complete the following table by writing the value of each expression in
the Value
Expressions Values column:
6+3*5 21
12 / 2 − 4 2
9 + 14 * 2 − 6 31
(6 + 2) * 3 24
14 / (11 − 4) 2
9 + 12 * (8 − 3) 69
2.20 What value will be assigned to result after the following statement
executes?
result = 9 // 2

Ans: 4

2.21 What value will be assigned to result after the following statement
executes?
result = 9 % 2

Ans: 1

2.22 How do you suppress the print function’s ending newline?

Ans: If you do not want the print function to start a new line of
output when it
finishes displaying its output, you can pass the special argument
end = ' '
to the function.

2.23 How can you change the character that is automatically displayed
between
multiple items that are passed to the print function?

Ans: You can pass the argument sep= to the print function,
specifying the
desired character.
2.24 What is the '\n' escape character?

Ans: It is the newline escape character.

2.25 What does the + operator do when it is used with two strings?

Ans: It is the string concatenation operator, which joins two strings


together.

2.26 What does the statement print(format(65.4321, '.2f')) display?

Ans: 65.43

2.27 What does the statement print(format(987654.129, ',.2f')) display?

Ans: 987,654.13
2.28 What are three advantages of using named constants?

Ans: (1) Named constants make programs more self-explanatory, (2)


widespread
changes can easily be made to the program, and (3) they help to
prevent the
typographical errors that are common when using magic numbers.

2.29 Write a Python statement that defines a named constant for a 10


percent discount.

Ans: DISCOUNT_PERCENTAGE = 0.1

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