Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer

sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

THE ISSUE OF THE EARTH

Earth's problems are becoming more urgent as we face environmental challenges like
global warming and pollution. Deforestation, fossil fuel burning, and waste (1) _______
have caused severe damage to ecosystems. (2)________ the warnings for years, many
nations are now realizing the need for immediate change. We need (3) ________quickly
to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable living. Governments and
organizations must (4) _______action to implement policies that protect natural
resources. In addition to environmental policies, individuals must also take
responsibility (5)______ their actions and contribute to preserving the planet for future
generations. Only through collective efforts can we hope to address (6)________.
(Adapted from BBC News)

Question 1. [NNN] A. production B. product C. productivity D. producer

Question 2. [NNN] A. Who ignored B. Ignoring
C. Having ignored D. Ignored
Question 3. [NNN] A. to be acted B. to act
C. act D. to acting
Question 4. [NNN] A. come B. catch C. take D. get
Question 5. [NNN] A. of B. about C. at D. for
Question 6. [NNN] A. critical these issues B. these issues critical
C. these critical issues D. these critical issues
Read the following leaflets and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE FOR MANKIND
• The impact of environmental changes on humans is undeniable. (7)________
pollution, deforestation, and climate change, our planet is facing severe
challenges. As a result, many nations (8)_______ the responsibility of reducing
carbon emissions and protecting natural resources.
• The (9)_______ of diseases caused by environmental factors, such as respiratory
illnesses, has increased significantly. (10)_______ consequence is the loss of
biodiversity, which can disrupt ecosystems.
• The relationship between human (11)_______ and environmental quality is clear,
and it’s crucial to address these challenges. Sustainability has become an essential
(12)______ to ensure the future well-being of both people and the planet.
(Adapted from Bright)

Question 7. [NNN] A. Due to B. Thanks to

C. On behalf of D. Irrespective of
Question 8. [NNN] A. go down B. sit up C. take on D. turn out
Question 9. [NNN] A. amount B. percentage C. item D. number
Question 10. [NNN] A. All B. Other C. The others D. Another
Question 11. [NNN] A. work B. health C. relation D. life
Question 12. [NNN] A. goal B. issue C. destination D. standard
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement
of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the
following questions from 13 to 17.
Question 13. [NNN]
a. Mark: Hi, Nam! Thanks. You look like you've been doing a lot to help the
environment, too. Have you been recycling or using sustainable products lately?
b. Nam: Hi, Mark! Long time no see. You look so environmentally conscious!
c. Nam: Yes, I have. I try to reduce plastic waste and always use reusable bags. I
also make sure to recycle and use eco-friendly products.
A. c – a – b B. b – c – a C. a – c – b D. b – a - c
Question 14. [NNN]
a. Sue: I'm going to start using more eco-friendly products.
b. Alex: Why eco-friendly products?
c. Sue: They reduce waste and pollution, and they are better for the planet.
d. Alex: How are you going to help protect the environment?
e. Alex: I think eco-friendly products are more expensive. I don't think I'll start
using them.
A. c – b – a – e – d B. c – e – d – b – a
C. d – b – a – e – c D. d – a – b – c – e
Question 15. [NNN]
Hi Gemma,
a. Thanks also for the suggestion about the eco-friendly websites — they are much
better than the ones I’ve been following.
b. Thanks so much for the environmental protection tips you sent me last week.
c. You know, we ought to work together on some environmental projects. What do
you think?
d. It's really nice to learn how to reduce waste and help the planet, but I am too busy at
the moment, so I'm focusing on recycling for now.
e. But it was interesting to read through these tips.
Write back soon,
Billy.
A. d – b – a – c – e B. b – d – e – a – c
C. a – d – b – c – e D. a – c – d – b – e
Question 16. [NNN]
a. While meeting deadlines and maintaining flexibility are crucial aspects of the job, I
find that attending occasional environmental conferences to update on projects is a
minor compromise.
b. Over the past year, I have flourished in this role at an environmental organization,
where I focus on creating impactful awareness campaigns and developing strategies to
reduce carbon footprints.
c. Ultimately, I am deeply satisfied with my current role and the positive influence it
has on protecting the environment, as it allows me to merge my passion for
sustainability with my professional expertise.
d. My love for nature and commitment to sustainability led me to pursue a meaningful
career in environmental advocacy.
e. The flexibility of working remotely enables me to contribute more effectively to eco-
friendly initiatives and prioritize sustainability in my daily work.
(Adapted from Bright)

A. c – e – a – b – d B. a – b – c – d – e
C. d – b – e – a – c D. c – a – d – b – e
Question 17. [NNN]
a. As a result, the population has grown by 25%, leading to more waste production and
increased air pollution.
b. Many natural forests and green spaces have been replaced by urban developments
and industrial zones, marking a shift towards urbanisation.
c. However, despite this growth, the city still lacks an efficient recycling program, with
most waste being sent to landfills, making the sustainability efforts insufficient.
d. The environment has changed drastically over the past decade.
e. This urbanisation has attracted new businesses, from tech companies to factories,
driving economic growth but also increasing the environmental impact.
(Adapted from i-Learn Smart World)

A. e – b – d – c – a B. d – c – a – b – e
C. d – b – e – a – c D. c – e – d – a – b
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
One prominent example is the Paris Agreement, a global effort aimed at reducing
carbon emissions and mitigating the effects of climate change. In 2015, leaders from
around the world gathered in France to adopt the agreement, which (18) ______. This
accord marks a significant step toward a more sustainable future, with countries
committing to limit global warming and transition to cleaner energy sources.
One of the key organizations in promoting sustainability is the World Wildlife Fund
(WWF), (19) ______. WWF focuses on protecting endangered species, preserving natural
habitats, and advocating for policies that support environmental sustainability.
Many countries have implemented policies that incentivize the use of renewable
energy. (20) ______. For example, in some countries, homeowners can receive tax breaks
or rebates when installing solar panels or wind turbines.
In addition to renewable energy, efforts to reduce plastic pollution have gained
significant momentum. (21) ______. Several countries have imposed bans on single-use
plastics, and many cities have initiated large-scale recycling programs to reduce waste.
Organizations are also using technology to help fight climate change. (22) ______. These
include using satellite data to monitor deforestation, AI to optimize energy usage, and
drones to track wildlife populations in endangered habitats.
(Adapted from BBC News)
Question 18. [NNN]
A. was signed in 2015 and has since been implemented by over 190 countries
B. was reached in 2015 by representatives from over 190 countries
C. that was signed by nearly 200 countries in 2015
D. having been adopted by 195 countries in 2015
Question 19. [NNN]
A. which has raised awareness of the urgent need to protect natural resources and
biodiversity
B. whose efforts in preserving biodiversity have gained global recognition
C. that has played a significant role in supporting conservation policies worldwide
D. whose commitment to environmental conservation has inspired many
governments to take action
Question 20. [NNN]
A. Renewable energy adoption is encouraged through government programs and
incentives
B. Governments are implementing new regulations to make renewable energy
sources more affordable
C. Incentives are offered to encourage the public to switch to renewable energy
D. The transition to renewable energy has been promoted by new tax laws and
rebates
Question 21. [NNN]
A. The widespread use of plastic is damaging our oceans and marine life
B. Single-use plastics are being banned in many countries as part of a global
movement to protect the environment
C. Governments around the world are working together to reduce plastic pollution
through various initiatives
D. The oceans are being filled with plastics, threatening marine ecosystems, which is
why many countries are taking action.
Question 22. [NNN]
A. Satellites and drones are being used to monitor and protect the environment more
effectively
B. Technologies such as AI and satellite imagery are helping scientists predict
climate change and reduce pollution
 C. With technological advancements, conservationists are able to track
environmental changes and wildlife populations
D. Various tools, including satellites and AI, are improving the efficiency of
environmental monitoring systems
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
The impact of climate change is far-reaching and affects not only the natural
environment but also human societies. Rising temperatures, melting ice caps, and
deforestation are among the most significant contributors to global warming. The
warming of the Earth is causing extreme weather events such as heatwaves, hurricanes,
and heavy rainfall, which lead to flooding in vulnerable areas. The ocean's rising
temperatures and acidification are threatening marine life, and many species are
struggling to adapt or facing extinction.
Human populations, particularly those in coastal areas, are facing the brunt of climate
change. Extreme weather events have led to more frequent and severe flooding, while
droughts have affected crop production, leading to food shortages. Poor air quality in
urban areas, exacerbated by industrial emissions, is contributing to an increase in
respiratory diseases. Furthermore, the pressure on water resources is intensifying as
populations grow, leading to conflicts over access to fresh water in some regions.
Governments around the world are taking steps to reduce their carbon footprint and
promote sustainability. Initiatives include the development of renewable energy sources
such as wind, solar, and geothermal power, as well as the implementation of policies that
protect forests and reduce pollution. International efforts, such as the United Nations'
climate action goals, are focused on limiting global warming to below 2°C and increasing
the resilience of communities to climate impacts.
Despite these efforts, much more needs to be done. Individuals, industries, and
governments must work together to combat climate change by reducing emissions,
investing in sustainable practices, and protecting vulnerable ecosystems. The future of
the planet depends on the collective action taken today.
(Adapted from Daily news)

Question 23. [NNN] Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing
to climate change?
A. Rising temperature B. Deforestation
C. Industrial emissions D. Protection of ecosystems
Question 24. [NNN] The word “exacerbated” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning
to ________.
A. mitigated B. intensified C. reduced D. aggravated
Question 25. [NNN] The word “which” in paragraph 1 refers to________.
A. Rising temperatures B. Extreme weather events
C. Melting ice caps D. Oceans
Question 26. [NNN] The word "intensifying" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced
by_______.
A. decreasing B. strengthening C. slowing down D. reducing
Question 27. [NNN] Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence
"Governments around the world are taking steps to reduce their carbon footprint and
promote sustainability" in paragraph 3?
A. Governments have stopped making efforts to reduce their carbon footprint.
B. Governments are focusing on actions to limit their carbon emissions and
encourage sustainability.
C. Governments are struggling to reduce their carbon footprint but are committed to
sustainability.
D. Governments will soon begin working to reduce their carbon footprint.
Question 28. [NNN] Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Deforestation is causing the ocean to rise.
B. Renewable energy sources include solar, wind, and fossil fuels.
C. International efforts aim to limit global warming to below 2°C.
D. Poor air quality has no impact on human health.
Question 29. [NNN] In which paragraph does the writer discuss the effects of climate
change on human population?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. [NNN] In which paragraph does the writer focus on international efforts
to combate climate change?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
[I] Global environmental degradation has become one of the most pressing issues in
recent decades, and deforestation is one of the leading causes of this decline. [II] More
than half of the world’s forests have been lost over the past century, and this rate of
deforestation is expected to accelerate as urbanization continues. [III] The causes of
deforestation are numerous, and the consequences are profound.[IV]
The primary driving forces behind deforestation are agricultural expansion, logging,
and infrastructure development. For example, forests are cleared to make way for
agricultural crops, such as palm oil and soy, which have become highly profitable
industries. Additionally, logging for timber and fuelwood contributes significantly to the
loss of trees, especially in tropical regions. On the other hand, there are also efforts to
combat deforestation. Some countries are implementing reforestation programs, and
there is increasing global awareness about the need to preserve forests for the sake of
biodiversity and climate stability.
As deforestation progresses, it has far-reaching consequences for both the
environment and human societies. First, it leads to the loss of biodiversity as countless
plant and animal species depend on forests for survival. Additionally, trees play a vital
role in regulating the Earth’s climate by absorbing carbon dioxide. Without forests, the
amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increases, exacerbating the effects of
climate change. Furthermore, deforestation disrupts local communities that rely on
forests for food, shelter, and income. In some areas, the destruction of forests has led to
soil erosion and desertification, making it difficult for farmers to sustain crops.
It is essential to recognize the complexity of deforestation and its impacts on the
environment. By implementing effective policies to protect forests and by encouraging
sustainable practices in agriculture, logging, and urban development, it is possible to
balance economic growth with environmental preservation.
(Adapted from CNN News)

Question 31. [NNN] Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?
“Deforestation has been a leading cause of global environmental problems, especially
as urbanization continues to spread.”
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 32. [NNN] The phrase "have far-reaching consequences" in paragraph 3 could
be best replaced by _____.
A. have limited effects B. result in severe damage
C. have widespread effects D. carry out changes
Question 33. [NNN] The word "which" in paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A. forests B. countries
C. the consequences D. agriculture crops
Question 34. [NNN] According to paragraph 4, which of the following is NOT a driving
force behind deforestation?
A. agricultural expansion B. logging for timber
C. increased urbanization D. efforts to combat climate change
Question 35. [NNN] Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?
A. Deforestation leads to the destruction of ecosystems and accelerates climate change.
B. The loss of biodiversity and soil degradation are the most severe consequences of
deforestation.
C. Deforestation causes harm to both ecosystems and human societies, but some
reforestation efforts are underway.
D. Deforestation mostly impacts local farming communities and leads to food
shortages.
Question 36. [NNN] The word "profound" in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to
_____.
A. superficial B. intense C. serious D. significant
Question 37. [NNN] Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Deforestation has been largely controlled through international cooperation and
sustainable practices.
B. Forests are primarily cleared for the purpose of creating urban areas.
C. Reforestation efforts are ineffective in slowing the deforestation rate.
D. Agricultural expansion and logging are major contributors to deforestation.
Question 38. [NNN] Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence
"It is essential to recognize the complexity of deforestation and its impacts on the
environment" in paragraph 4?
A. Recognizing the complexity of deforestation and its environmental impacts is not
important for finding solutions.
B. Understanding the complexities of deforestation and its effects is crucial for finding
solutions to the problem.
C. Deforestation is a simple issue with straightforward solutions for environmental
restoration.
D. Recognizing the effects of deforestation is unnecessary as the solutions are self-
evident.
Question 39. [NNN] Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The expansion of urban areas is the sole cause of deforestation.
B. Deforestation contributes significantly to climate change and loss of biodiversity.
C. Economic growth cannot coexist with environmental preservation.
D. All reforestation efforts have been successful in reversing deforestation rates.
Question 40. [NNN] Which of the following best summarizes the passage?
A. Deforestation is a result of agricultural and industrial growth, and it has
widespread environmental consequences that need urgent attention.
B. Deforestation is primarily caused by the growing demand for forest resources,
leading to global environmental harm.
C. Deforestation has profound impacts on the environment and society, but efforts are
being made to mitigate its effects.
D. The main cause of deforestation is the expansion of urban areas, which requires
better management of forest resources.

---------------------THE END---------------------
 ĐÁP ÁN

1–A 2–C 3–B 4–C 5–D

6–D 7–A 8–C 9–D 10 – D
11 – B 12 – A 13 – D 14 – D 15 – B
16 – C 17 – C 18 – B 19 – A 20 – A
21 – B 22 – A 23 – D 24 – A 25 – B
26 – B 27 – B 28 – C 29 – B 30 – C
31 – B 32 – C 33 – D 34 – D 35 – C
36 – A 37 – D 38 – B 39 – B 40 – C