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BIO and math IMP QNS
Unit I: Reproduction (14 Marks)
Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms: Modes of reproduction
(asexual vs. sexual), mitosis and meiosis, life cycles of representative organisms (Amoeba, Hydra, Yeast) Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants: Structure and function of flower parts, pollination, fertilization, double fertilization, development of seed and fruit Chapter 3: Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems, menstrual cycle, gametogenesis, fertilization, implantation, development stages, childbirth Chapter 4: Reproductive Health: STIs, contraception methods, safe sex practices, population control methods Unit II: Evolution and Genetics (18 Marks)
Chapter 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation: Mendelian
inheritance (laws & applications), sex-linked inheritance, chromosomal theory of inheritance, mutations, variations (continuous & discontinuous) Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance: DNA structure and replication, transcription, translation, protein synthesis, gene regulation Chapter 7: Evolution: Origin of life, evidences of evolution (morphological, paleontological, biochemical), theories of evolution (Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism), Hardy-Weinberg principle Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare (14 Marks)
Chapter 8: Human Health and Disease: Communicable vs. non-
communicable diseases, immune system (types & functions), major human diseases (cancer, AIDS, CVD) and their prevention Chapter 9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production: Methods of plant breeding, tissue culture, applications of biotechnology in agriculture (transgenic crops) Chapter 10: Microbes in Human Welfare: Beneficial microbes (in food processing, waste decomposition, nitrogen fixation), their applications, harmful microbes and diseases Unit IV: Biotechnology and its Applications (10 Marks)
Chapter 11: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes: Basic
concepts of genetic engineering (techniques like restriction enzymes, PCR), cloning, applications in medicine and agriculture Chapter 12: Biotechnology and Its Applications: Production of insulin, vaccines, biofertilizers, biopesticides, ethical considerations Unit V: Ecology and Environment (14 Marks) Chapter 13: Organisms and Population: Ecosystem components (biotic & abiotic), ecological pyramids, food chains and webs, population growth (exponential & logistic), carrying capacity Chapter 14: Ecosystem: Types of ecosystems, energy flow, biogeochemical cycles (nitrogen, carbon, water), ecological succession Chapter 15: Biodiversity and Conservation: Importance of biodiversity, threats to biodiversity (habitat loss, poaching), conservation methods (in-situ & ex-situ)
MATHS-
1. Calculus
Limits and Continuity: Find limits using L'Hôpital's rule.
Differentiation: Problems involving the differentiation of functions, including implicit differentiation and higher-order derivatives. Applications of Derivatives: Questions related to maxima and minima, increasing/decreasing functions. Integration: Evaluate definite and indefinite integrals, including integration by parts and substitution. Applications of Integrals: Area under curves and volume of solids of revolution. 2. Algebra
Matrices and Determinants: Problems involving the properties of
determinants, inverse of matrices, and solving systems of linear equations. Vector Algebra: Questions on vector addition, scalar and vector products, and their applications. Complex Numbers: Operations on complex numbers and their geometric interpretation. 3. Probability and Statistics
Probability Distributions: Questions on binomial and normal
distributions. Statistics: Problems involving measures of central tendency and dispersion, including mean, median, mode, variance, and standard deviation. 4. Conic Sections
Equations of Conics: Questions involving the derivation and
properties of ellipses, hyperbolas, and parabolas. Applications of Conics: Problems related to the geometry of conic sections. 5. Linear Programming
Formulating and solving linear programming problems using graphical
methods. 6. Three-Dimensional Geometry
Problems involving the distance between points, direction cosines, and
equations of lines and planes in space. 7. Relations and Functions
Types of relations (reflexive, symmetric, transitive) and functions (one-
one, onto). Inverse functions and their properties. 8. Sequences and Series
Problems involving arithmetic and geometric progressions, including
