Module 5: Food walk

Introduction:
Food is a substance that provides energy and nutrients to an organism, and is consumed for
growth, health, or pleasure. It's made up of water, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, and
organic substances like vitamins.

Food is a basic necessity of life. It provides energy and nutrients that help with growth, repair,
and maintenance of body tissues. The body absorbs and uses food through digestion.

The energy in food is measured in calories. Foods with more calories have more stored energy.

Food can be classified in various ways, such as by how it's processed or by its related
content. A common system for classifying food groups is by their origin and nutritional function,
and includes vegetables and fruit, cereals and bread, dairy, and meat.

A food walk is a tour that combines food, history, and culture. Some food walks also include
anecdotes and folktales about the food.

We are visited the place for food walk is Kotturu. In this place the mandakki-menasinkayi is
very famous. This is junck food but it is also a very tasty food for this place peoples. The mirchi
was little spicy with double fried and mandakki was soft with tangy and less masala. The
combination of mirchi and mandakki was perfect. The nargis mandakki was a different one with
being crispy and topped with onion and coriander.

Food is one of the basic necessities of life. Food contains nutrients—substances essential
for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues and for the regulation of vital processes.
Nutrients provide the energy our bodies need to function. The energy in food is measured in
units called calories.
Executive summary:
Here are some executive summaries on food:

• Food safety

Food safety is important for preventing foodborne illness and disease. Food safety covers the
entire food chain, from manufacturing to storage. To ensure food safety, governments, producers,
and consumers need to understand the importance of food safety and work together to enforce
it.

• Food systems and health

Food systems can negatively impact human, animal, and ecosystem health. The World Health
Organization (WHO) has a narrative called "Food Systems Delivering Better Health" that aims
to change how food is produced, distributed, consumed, and disposed of.

• Sustainable food

To create a sustainable food system, some recommend:

• Increasing the efficiency of natural resource use

• Managing demand

• Protecting natural ecosystems

• Moderating consumption of ruminant meat

• Reforesting and restoring peatlands

• Requiring production-related climate mitigation

• Spurring technological innovation

• Food system transformation

The Food System Transformation (FST) pathway is a vision for a food system that is inclusive,
health-enhancing, and environmentally sustainable. The FST pathway includes:

• Gradually transitioning away from diets dominated by empty calories and animal-
sourced proteins

• Increasing consumption of vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, and whole grains

• Protecting natural ecosystems

 • Expanding managed forests

• Fighting poverty in the agricultural sector

• Redistributing carbon taxes

Adequate, nutritious, safe food is essential to human survival, but food can also cause or convey
risks to health and even life itself. Although estimates vary widely, there is agreement that
foodborne illness is a serious problem.

Body:
We are visited the shop called Ambanna palarada Angadi which has great history in past. It
was established in the year of 1974 till they are very famous in making of mandakkki
menasinakayi. Recently they made the 50yrs anniversary of their shop. I am also one of the
citizen of Kotturu so I saw this shop when I was in childhood till now they secure their fame and
name which they are got from the people of Kotturu.
 A traditional spicy snack recipe made with puffed rice, a combination of onion and
tomatoes. it is generally served as an evening snack but can also be served for morning breakfast
with a cup of tea. the recipe is very similar to the traditional poha or pohe recipe, made with
flattened rice, onions and spices.

Packed with essential nutrients, this crispy, puffed rice mixture is an excellent source of
energy, making it an ideal choice for a quick snack. The main ingredient, mandakki (puffed rice),
is low in calories and high in fiber, which aids in digestion and promotes a feeling of fullness
beneficial for weight management.

Puffed Rice, also known as Murmura, Puffed Rice Murmura, Popped Rice, or Mandakki, is
a light and airy grain known for its crisp texture and versatility. Made by puffing rice kernels
under high heat, this low-calorie snack is perfect for those seeking a healthy and satisfying
option.

For diabetics it is very important to know about glycemic index. Low glycemic index foods
do not raise the blood sugar levels rapidly and thus are a preferred choice for their diet.
While, high glycemic index foods can lead to a considerable and quick rise in blood sugar levels.
Thus puffed rice is best avoided.

Consuming puffed rice regularly can help get rid of digestive issues and keep your gut
happy. Promotes Digestion: Puffed rice also promotes digestion. The light and easy-to-digest
nature of puffed rice makes it an excellent food choice, particularly for those with sensitive
stomachs.
Food safety

Food safety is the scientific method of handling, preparing, and storing food to prevent
foodborne illnesses. It's important because unsafe food can cause a variety of diseases, including
diarrhea and cancer.

Here are some tips for food safety:

• Keep food at safe temperatures: Keep high-risk foods above 60°C or below 5°C to avoid
the temperature danger zone. If food has been in the temperature danger zone for more
than 4 hours, throw it out.

• Separate raw and cooked foods: Store raw foods below cooked foods.

• Use safe water and raw materials: Wash fruits and vegetables under running water, but
don't wash meat, poultry, or eggs.

• Cook thoroughly: Make sure food is cooked thoroughly.

• Store food properly: Store food in covered containers and check use-by dates. Avoid
refreezing thawed foods.

Food safety is a core tenet of One Health, an integrated approach to preventing health threats at
the animal-human-plant-environment interfaces.

Food usage

Food is used to provide the body with nutrients, which are essential for the body to function
and thrive. Nutrients provide energy for the body to perform activities like breathing, digesting
food, and keeping warm. They also provide materials for growth and repair, and help keep the
immune system healthy.

Different nutrients have different functions in the body:

• Carbohydrates: The body's main fuel source, and include starch, sugar, and fiber

• Fats and protein: Provide energy

• Protein and minerals: Building materials

• Vitamins, trace elements, and fatty acids: Necessary for chemical reactions that produce
energy
The body needs the right amounts of nutrients to operate at its best. Too much or too little can
lead to the body malfunctioning, which is what we know as disease.

Disposal of food waste:

There are several ways to dispose of food waste, including:

• Composting: A method that breaks down organic waste into a nutrient-rich soil
amendment.

• Recycling: Food waste can be converted into useful materials, such as by composting or
using it for energy production.

• Landfill: A conventional method of disposal for food waste, but it has negative impacts
on the environment.

• Incinerating: A method of disposal for food waste that has negative impacts on the
environment.

• Reuse: A food waste reduction practice that involves reusing leftover food.

• Garbage disposal unit: A safe way to dispose of food waste.

• Sealed bin: A safe way to dispose of food waste by wrapping it tightly and putting it in a
sealed bin.

Recycling food waste can help reduce methane emissions, improve soil fertility, and reduce the
need for synthetic fertilizers. It can also help create cleaner and healthier communities by
reducing the potential for pests, odors, and negative sanitary consequences
Food system

A food system is the collection of activities and actors involved in the production, processing,
distribution, consumption, and disposal of food. It also includes the cultural practices, prices, and
other factors that influence food demand and consumption.

Food systems are important because they:

• Impact health and well-being

What we eat is a major factor in our health and well-being, especially for children.

• Impact the environment

Food systems are responsible for about one-third of greenhouse gas emissions.

• Impact livelihoods

Food systems support the livelihoods of millions of people in the food supply chain.

Food systems face a "triple challenge" of ensuring food security and nutrition, supporting
livelihoods, and doing so in an environmentally sustainable way. However, many people don't
have access to enough safe and nutritious food, and food systems are far from meeting the triple
challenge.

Some examples of food systems include: Small local farmers, Community gardens, Food
pantries, and Farmers' markets.

Advantages

Food has many advantages, including:

• Energy: Food provides the energy you need to stay active and perform physical
activities.

• Growth and repair: Food helps your body grow and repair itself, and develop strong
muscles, bones, and teeth.

• Disease prevention: A well-balanced diet can help prevent diet-related illnesses,

infections, and chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some
cancers.
 • Weight management: Healthy food can help you maintain a healthy weight and reduce
the risk of obesity.

• Immune system: Healthy food can improve your immune system.

• Mental and emotional health: Healthy food can contribute to good mental and emotional
health.

• Quality of life: Good nutrition can contribute to a better quality of life.

Eating local food can also have environmental, economic, social, and health benefits.

Disadvantages

Food can have disadvantages in many ways, including:

• Health risks

Processed foods can be high in unhealthy ingredients like sugar, salt, and fat, and low in
nutritional value. They can also contain artificial ingredients, preservatives, and unhealthy
fats. Consuming too many processed foods can lead to weight gain, obesity, heart disease, high
blood pressure, and diabetes.

• Environmental impact

The food system consumes a lot of resources, like nutrients, fossil fuels, and freshwater. It also
produces over 70% of human-produced greenhouse gas.

• Food miles

Food miles measure the distance food travels from where it's grown to where it's purchased or
eaten. This can include transportation by plane, ship, train, or cargo truck.
 • Food additives

Some food additives can cause allergic reactions, high blood pressure, or obesity. Some parents
suspect that artificial food colors can cause hyperactivity in children.

• Online food ordering

Online food ordering can be more expensive than cooking at home with groceries. It can also
cause you to miss out on the atmosphere of a restaurant.

• Use-by and best-before dates

Use-by dates indicate when food is safe to eat, while best-before dates indicate when food is at
its best quality.

To make fertilizer from food waste, you can use a process called composting:

1. Collect waste

Separate edible kitchen waste like fruit and vegetable peels, and small amounts of cooked food
waste.

2. Add dry organic matter

Collect dry organic matter like sawdust, dried leaves, or wood ash.

3. Prepare a container

Drill holes in a large container, earthen pot, or bucket to allow air to circulate.

4. Add layers

Fill the bottom of the container with a layer of soil, then add layers of food waste alternating
with dry waste.

5. Cover and check

Cover the container with a plastic sheet or wooden plank to retain moisture and heat. Check the
container every few days, and add water if it's too dry.

Composting is a method for recycling organic waste into manure. The resulting fertilizer is dark,
nutrient-rich, and resembles soil. You can use it to grow new plants.

Here are some other ways to make fertilizer from food waste:
 • Vermicomposting: Uses worms and natural decomposition to turn food waste into
fertilizer.

• Aerobic composting: Uses microbes that break down food waste with oxygen. This is
the most common method of composting used at home and in municipalities.

• Trench composting: Buries organic waste directly in the soil. This method is odorless
and can help nearby plants develop root systems that conserve water.

Conclusion:
Here are some conclusions about food:

• Food is a basic necessity

Food is a basic necessity of life, and our health depends on what and how much we eat.

• Good nutrition is important

Good nutrition can help with physical fitness, disease prevention, mental growth, and
educational achievement.

• Healthy eating habits are important

Healthy eating habits can help prevent chronic diseases and maintain good health.

• Developing healthy eating habits requires small changes

Developing healthy eating habits requires making small changes to your diet and lifestyle over
time.

• Food contains nutrients

Food contains nutrients, which are substances that help with growth, repair, and maintenance of
body tissues. Nutrients also provide the energy our bodies need to function.

• Scientific techniques are used to protect consumers

Scientific techniques have been developed to protect consumers and screen for food
adulteration.
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