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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL SECURITY CONCEPT

CHAPTER 1
Introduction to Industrial Security
Legal Basis
RA no. 5487 - (as amended by PD no. 11) - Private security agency law.

Private Detective Agency - is any person who for hire or reward or on commission conducts or
carries on or holds himself out as conducting or carrying on a detective agency or detective
service.

Private Detective - any person who is not a member of a regular police agency or armed forces
who does detective work for hire, reward or commission.

PADPAO - Philippine Association of Detective and Protective Agency Operators.

Watchmen/Security Guard - person who offers or renders personal service to watch or secure
either residential or business establishment or both or any building, compound or area for hire
or compensation or as an employee thereof.

Security Agency - any person, association, partnership or corporation who recruits, trains,
muster, furnishes, solicit individuals or business firms, private or government owned or
controlled corporation to engage his services or those of its watchmen.
Legal Context of Security

Man instinctively protects himself and those he holds dear (may it be

property, freedom or loved – ones) from danger or threat, with or without help from
others. This is the supreme law—the law of self- preservations.

Universal Declarations of Human Rights

The universal declarations of human rights, which was adopted by the United Nations on
10 December 1948, guarantees such instinct to protect in article 3, which states that“everyone
has the right to life, liberty and security of persons” (United Nations, 1948, emphasis supplied.)

The international covenant on civil in political rights, a multilateral treaty also adopted by
the United Nations on 16 December 1966, further recognized this rights to security of person in
article 9 (1). Which states that: “Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person. No one
shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention. No one shall deprived of his liberty except on
such grounds in accordance with such procedure as are established by law” (United Nations
Human Rights1966).

Constitutional Mandates

1987 Philippine Constitution enunciates the first and foremost duty of the government
which is to serve and protect the people.

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 Article II, section 4 - The prime duty of the government is to serve and protect people.
The government may call upon the people to defend the state and, in the fulfilment thereof, all
citizen may be required by law to render military or civilian service
.

Article II, section 5 The maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and
property and the promotion of general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all people of
the blessings of the democracy.

Article 3, section 1 No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, and property without due
process of law, nor shall a person be denied the equal protection of laws.

Article 3, section 2 The right of people to be secured in their persons, houses and
papers, and the effects of unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any
purpose shall be inviolable and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall be issued upon
determination of probable cause to be determine personally by the judge after examination
under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly
describing the
place to be search and persons or thing to be seized.

Statutory Mandates

Act 3815 (revised penal code (RPC), as amended). The RPC also insure security and
safety of the people by prohibiting and penalizing certain acts such as: Crimes against the
fundamental law of the state (arbitrary detention, delaying release, expulsion, violation of
domicile etc.), crimes against persons (Parricide, murder, Homicide, physical injuries etc.),
crimes against personal liberty and security (kidnapping and illegal detention, unlawful arrest,
etc.), crimes against property (robbery, theft, etc.)

Private Security Agency Law ( RA 5487 as amended) Republic Act No. 5487 or "An Act
to Regulate the Organization and Operation of Private Detective,Watchmen or Security Guards
Agencies," is amended by Presidential Decree No. 11 on October 3, 1972. In this particular law,
the security guards, watchmen, private detectives and the security officers are considered as
force multipliers of the Philippine National Police (PNP) because of the role they play in times of
disaster or calamities. The chief of the PNP or the mayor of a certain municipality or city may
deputize them to assist the PNP in the performance of the police duties for the duration of such
emergency disaster or calamity.

Private security personnel „are called Protection Specialists because in the present
concept, the law enforcement and crime prevention are not solely charged to the PNP. The five-
pillar concept in criminal justice system calls for the involvement of the private sector and the
community to which much of the success of law enforcement depends. Private security forces
play a vital role
in this regard as they are a potent force in crime prevention. They have contributed to the
improvement of peace and order and the protection of lives and properties in all areas of the
country.

The scope of the law covers originally promulgated and newly introduced rules and
regulations designed to professionalize the security industry. Revisions were made to make the
security business a more credible and reliable sector in our country. New provisions include the
rule on the utilization of security personnel in certain types of services. The training program for
private security personnel was also expanded in order to develop skills and knowledge suitable
to current and future applications.

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 Presidential Decree No. 1919 (Amending RA 5487 and PD 100) Presidential Decree No.
1919 amended further The Private Security Agency Law on April 28, 1984 with the following
changes:
a. Defining watchman or security guard to include those from government entities
b. Specifying the employment of a minimum of 200 and a maximum of I,000 licensed
security guards for any private security agency
c. Specifying 30 to 1,000 company guards for company guard forces.

RA 5487 as amended the private security agency law which governs the organization,
operation business and activities of private detectives/ watchmen, or security guard agencies.

PD. No. 11. As amended certain provisions of RA.5487, such as section 3 (d) which defines
a watchman or security guard, watchman or security guard agency, section 4 , specifying
person who may organize a security or watchmen agency, and section 18

PD.No.100. amended sec. 3d, section 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, and paragraph 3 of section 16 of

RA.5487

PD. No. 1919 Amended section 3d, section 18, paragraph 3 of section 8, paragraph 1 of
section 16 of RA.5487.

Definition of Terms

Command Responsibility -Cannot be delegated but the security tasks can be assigned.
Compartmentation -Need to know basis Balance between security and efficiency -Security
prevails over efficiency General principles of security remain constant -Specific measures to suit
operations Security is the concern of all personnel -Regardless of rank, position, designation.
INDUSTRY - The term denotes “earnest or constant application to work or business’’, or a
special branch of work, or the capital or workers employed in it.

INDUSTRIAL - This is defined as the pertaining to or engaged in industry. The word industrial
may also mean: of industry or relating to, used in, created by industry; and/or of industry’s
workforce or relating to or involving workers in industry.
PRIVATE DETECTIVE - Any person who does detective work for hire, reward or commission,
other than members of the AFP, BJMP, PNP or any other law enforcement agencies.

SECURITY – SECURITY - Generally, the meaning of security is a kind of state where people,
institution, authority or groups feel fully secured of feeling, free from any threat or vulnerability
from somewhere or someone in his/her life, liberty, property or activity. It could be in physical,
psychological, social or economical form. -It is a state or quality of being secured, freedom from
fear or danger, assurance, certainty. -It is the degree of protection against danger, loss, and
criminals. - Protection against any type of crime to safeguard life and assets by various methods
and device

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 - a state or condition of being secured;  there is freedom from fear, harm,
danger, loss, destruction or damages.

FACTORS THAT BRING ABOUT UNSECURED CONDITIONS

THREATS - an activity that could lead to a loss
HAZARDS - a condition that could lead to a loss
VULNERABILITY - a weakness that can be used to gain access to an asset  RISK - a
potential loss or damage

NECESSITY OF SECURITY - Security measures are inevitable or necessary for the attainment
of goals and objectives when an individual or organization is exposed to hazards, their
productivity is adversely affected.

SECURITY VS. SAFETY - state of being “safe”, the condition of being protected against
physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, etc.

MANAGEMENT - The skillful use of means in order to attain a purpose.

INDUSTRIAL SECURITY - Security measures applied to business industries; or the business

of providing security and protection to private individuals business enterprises, or government
and nongovernment industries.

INDUSTRIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT - “the skillful handling of the security and safety
measures of business enterprises and industrial establishments.”

History And Overview of Security

The word secure is derived from the Latin securus which means ‘’safe’’ or ‘’without care’’
or from se cura, wherein se means “free from” and cura means“care”.

Related Concepts

Understanding the concept of security requires further definition of other related

concepts such as asset, risk, threat and vulnerability.

Asset is anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to

produced value. If it has positive economic value it is considered an asset. Or more simply, if its
value can be converted into cash. e.g.

Risk is the uncertainty of financial loss, the probability that a loss has occurred or
will occur, or the possible occurrence of an undesirable event. The end results of risk is loss or a
decrease in value. e.g. lost of life of your love once.

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 Threat is anything that could adversely affect assets; it can be classified into natural
hazards (such as floods), accidents (chemical spills), or intentional acts (domestic or
international terrorism).

Vulnerability means weakness, flaw, or virtually anything that may conceivably be

exploited by a threat; examples are holes in a fence, an out –of-date key system or the
introduction of a computer virus.

Ancient time, villages have established owned security force (able-bodied men)  1950s
SG under the Mayor  June 13, 1969 “PSA Law” was approved making PC as the sole
authority to supervise PSA, CGF and their SG thru Cong. Teodulo Natividad

What is PSA LAW? R.A. 5487 “AN ACT TO REGULATE THE ORGANIZATION AND
OPERATION OF PRIVATE DETECTIVE, WATCHMAN OR SECURITY AGENCIES”

Creation of Supervisory Unit - Aug. 4, 1969, PCSIASO- Security and Investigation

Agency Supervisory Office was organized with 8 officers and 8 enlisted personnel under C3
Division.
On Oct. 21, 1969, HPC General Staff issued a Memo No. 8 renaming PCSIASO to
PCSOSIA later PC SUSIA pursuant to G.O. No. 404 dated on June 29, 1970.
ARE THERE AMENDMENTS OF R.A. 5487?
Oct. 30, 1972 P.D. 11 amending certain sections particularly Sec. 4- who may organize
PSA.
Jan. 17, 1973 P.D. 100– Sec.3,4,5,8 and 9 were amended for the improvement of PC to
deputize SG in cases of emergency or disaster. Sec 11- PSA to be granted license to operate
April 28, 1984 P.D. 1919 – Sec.3, 8, 16 and 18 provide definition of SG, power of
C/PC, exception of GSU for LTO andminimum/maximum number of SG.

Supervisory Unit - HPC G.O. 213 and GHQS No. 9 dated on Jan. 10, 1988 organized
PC Civil Security Force Command, later changed to PC/INPCSF.
Jan. 1, 1991, PNP was organized renaming PCSOSIA to PNPSOSIA
June 1, 1995, SUSIA to SAGSD becoming one of the two major divisions of CSG.

LAWS RELATED TO SECURITY MANAGEMENT R.A. No. 5487 – approved June 13,
1969, known as Private Security Agency Law R.A. 6975 – The law authorizing the PNP the
control and supervision of the security agencies in the Philippines. Approved into law
December 13, 1990.

Security Guards Professional Conduct and Ethics

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To become a security guard, you must be familiarized with the Code of Ethics and other
requirements you need. Here is the Code of Ethics as enumerated in RA 5487.
1. As a security agent, his fundamental duty is to serve the interest or mission of his
agency in compliance with the contract entered into with the clients of the agency he is
supposed to serve.
2. He shall be honest in thoughts and deeds both in his personal and official actuations,
obeying the law of the land and the regulations prescribed by his agency and those
established by the company he is supposed to protect.
3. He shall not reveal any confidential matter that is confided to him as security guard and
such other matters imposed upon him by law.
4. He shall act at all times with decorum and shall not permit personal feelings, prejudices
and undue friendship to influence his actuation in the performance of his official
functions.
5. He shall not compromise with criminals and other lawless elements to the prejudice of
the customer or his client but assist the government in its relentless drive against
lawlessness and other forms of criminality.
6. He must carry his assigned duties as security guard or watchman as required by law to
the best of his ability and safeguard life and property to the establishment he is
assigned.
7. He shall wear his uniform, badge, patches and insignia properly as a symbol of public
trust and confidence as an honest and trustworthy security guard, watchman and private
detective.
8. He must keep his allegiance first to the government, to the agency he is in, and to the
establishment he is assigned to serve with loyalty and dedicated service.
9. He shall diligently and progressively familiarize himself with the rules and regulations laid
down by his agency and that of the customer or clients.
10. He shall at all times be courteous, respectful and salute to his superior officers,
government officials and officials of the establishment where he is assigned and the
company he is supposed to serve.
11. He shall report to perform his duties always in proper uniform and neat in his
appearance.
12. He shall learn at heart or memorize and strictly observe the laws and regulations
governing the use of firearms.

Code Of Conduct

1. He shall carry with him at all times during his tour of duty his license, identification
card and duty detail order with an authority to carry firearms.
2. He shall not use his license and other privileges if any, to the prejudice of the public,
the client or customers and his agency.
3. He shall not engage in any unnecessary conversation with anybody except in
discharge of his duties or sit down unless required by the nature of his work and shall at
all times keep himself alert during his tour of duty.
4. He shall refrain from reading newspapers, magazines, books, etc. while actually
performing his duties.
5. He shall not drink intoxicating liquor immediately before and during his tour of duty.
6. He shall know the location of the fire alarm box near his post and to sound the alarm
in case of fire or disorder.
7. He shall know to operate any fire extinguisher at his post.
8. He shall know the location of the telephone and/or the telephone number of the police
precincts as well as the telephone numbers of the fire stations in the locality.
9. He shall immediately notify the police in case of any sign of disorder, strikes, riot, or
any serious violation of the law.
10. He or his group of guards, shall not participate or integrate any disorder, strike, riot,
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 or any serious violations of the law
11. He shall assist the police in the preservation and maintenance of peace and disorder
and in the protection of life and property having in mind that the nature of his
responsibilities is similar to that of the latter
12. He shall familiarize himself by heart with the Private Security Agency Law (RA
No.5487 as amended) and these implementing rules and regulations.
13. When issued a FA's he should not lend his FA to anybody.
14. He shall always be in proper uniform and shall carry with him his basic requirements,
and equipment's such as writing notebook, ballpen, night stick (baton) and/or radio.
15. He shall endeavor at all times, to merit and be worthy of the trust and confidence of
the agency he represents and the client he serves.

Security Guard Creed

As Security Guards his fundamental duty is to protect lives and properties and maintain
order within my place of duty; protect the interest of my employer and our clients and the
security and stability of our government and country without compromise and prejudice, honest
in my actions, words and thoughts; and do my best to uphold the principle:
MAKADIYOS, MAKATAO at MAKAKALIKASAN

The Eleven General Order that implements the rules and regulations of being a security
guard.

General Order 1- To take charge of this post and all government property in view.
General Order 2- To walk my post in a military manner, keeping always on the alert and
observing everything that takes place within sight or hearing.
General Order 3 - To report all violations of orders I am instructed to enforce.
General Order 4 - To repeat all calls from posts more distant from the guardhouse than
my own.
General Order 5 - To quit my post only when properly relieved.
General Order 6 - To receive, obey and pass on to the sentry who relieves me all orders
from the commanding officer, officer of the day, and officers and noncommissioned
officers of the guard only.
General Order 7 - To talk to no one except in the line of duty.
General Order 8 - To give the alarm in case of fire or disorder.
General Order 9 - To call the corporal of the guard in any case not covered by
instructions.
General Order 10 - To salute all officers and all colors and standards not cased.
General Order 11 - To be especially watchful at night, and during the time for
challenging, to challenge all persons on or near my post and to allow no one to pass
without proper authority.

Security Officers Qualification, Attribute and Function

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Essential Qualities of Security Guard

1. Alertness – being watchful in spotting violator, a person, a vehicle or an incident

2. Judgment – sound and good judgment to arrive at wise and timely decisions;
3. Confidence – faith in oneself and his abilities;
4. Physical Fitness – always in a condition to render effective service even under the
most strenuous conditions;
5. Tactfulness – ability to deal with others successfully without offending;
6. Self-Control – ability to take hold of oneself regardless of a provoking situation.

General Functions of a Security Guard

1. Enforce company rules and regulations;

2. Operate and enforce the personnel identification system;
3. Patrol and observe designated areas, perimeter, structures, installation;
4. Take into custody a person attempting or giving unauthorized access in
restricted, limited and controlled areas
5. Check rooms, buildings, storage rooms of security interest and after working
hours, check proper locking of doors and gates.
6. Perform escort duties when required;
7. Respond to alarm signals or other indications suspicious activities and
emergencies; 8. Safeguard equipment and material against sabotage,
unauthorized access, loss, theft or damage;
9. At quickly in situations affecting the security of installation and personnel, to
fire accidents, internal disorder, attempts to commit criminal acts;
10. Control and regulate vehicle and personnel traffic within the compound as
well as parking of vehicle;
11. Other duties that is necessary in the security guard function

Power and Duties of Security Guard1

1. Territorial Power – A security guard shall watch and secure the property of the
person, firm or establishment with whom he or his agency has a contract for
security services. Such services shall not extend beyond the property or
compound of said person, firm or establishment except when required by the
latter in accordance with the terms of their contract, or in hot pursuit of criminal
offenders.

2. Arrest by Security Guard – A security guard or private detective is not a police

officer and is not, therefore, clothed with police authority. However, he may arrest
a person under the circumstances mentioned in Section 5, Rule 113, Revised
Rules of Criminal Procedure.

3. Search without Warrant – Any security guard may, incident to the arrest,
search the person so arrested in the presence of at least two (2) witnesses. He
may search employees of the firm or establishment with which he or his agency
has a contract, when such search is required by the very nature of the business
of the person, firm or establishment

Duties During Strikes and Lockouts

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 1. All private security personnel in direct confrontation with strikers, marchers or
demonstrators shall not carry firearms. They may carry only night sticks (baton)
which may or may not be provided with tear gas canister and dispenser. Security
personnel not in direct confrontation with the strikers may carry in the usual
prescribed manner their issued firearm.

2. Private Security personnel shall avoid direct contact either physically or

otherwise with the strikers;

3. They shall stay only within the perimeter of the installation which they are
protecting at all times;

4. In protecting and securing the assets and persons of their clients, shall only
use sufficient and reasonable force necessary to overcome the risk or danger
posed by strikers or hostile crowds.

5. They shall refrain from abetting or assisting acts of management leading to

physical clash of forces between labor and management. 6. They must at all
times be in complete uniform with their names and agency’s name shown on
their shirts above the breast pockets.

Qualifications of Security Guard or Watchman

1. Filipino citizen;
2. High School graduate;
3. Physically and mentally fit;
4. At least eighteen (18) years of age but not more than fifty (50) years old;
5. Has undergone Pre-Licensing course or its equivalent.
6. Veterans and retired military/police personnel honorably discharge including
graduates of ROTC advance (or its equivalent in the PNP) are exempted from the
required Basic-Licensing Training.

Functions of A Private Detective

1. Background Investigation;
2. Locating missing person;
3. Conduct surveillance work;
4. Such other detective work as may become the subject matter of contract
between the agency and its clients. Except not contrary to law, public order,
public policy morale and good custom.

Qualifications For Security Officer

Filipino citizen;
Holder of a Baccalaureate Degree;
Physically and mentally fit;
Has graduated from a Security Officer Training Course or its equivalent

Qualifications Of Security Consultant

1. Filipino citizen;
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 2. Physically and mentally fit;
3. Holder of Master’s degree either in Criminology, Public Administration, MNSA,
Industrial Security Administration, or Law Must have at least ten (10) years’
experience in the operation and management of security business

Qualifications of a Private Detective

1. Filipino citizen;
2. Physically and mentally fit;
3. Holder of baccalaureate degree, preferably Bachelor of Laws or Bachelor of
Science in Criminology;
4. Graduate of a Criminal Investigation Course offered by the PNP or NBI or any
police training school, or a detective training in any authorized/recognized
training center; Advance ROTC/CMT graduate or its equivalent

Disqualifications

Having previous record of any conviction of any crime; Having previous record of any
conviction of any offense involving moral turpitude; Having been dishonorably
discharged or separated from employment or service; Being a mental incompetent;
Being addicted to the use of narcotic drug or drugs, and being a habitual drunkard
Dummy of a foreigner

Qualification of an Operator or Manager of a Security Agency:

1. At least 25 years of age

2. College graduate and/or commissioned officer in the inactive service of the AFP
3. Good moral character
4. No previous record of any conviction of any crime/offense involving moral turpitude
5. Not suffering from any of the following

disqualifications:

1. dishonorably discharged or separate from the AFP

2. mentally incompetent
3. addicted to the use of narcotic drugs
4. habitual drunkard

Limitations and Prohibitions on a Security Agency

1. No agency operating in the City of manila and suburbs may employ more than 1000
watchmen or security guards.
2. No agency operating in other cities and first-class municipalities may employ more
than 500 watchmen or security guards.
3. No agency operating in municipalities other than first class may employ more than
200 watchmen or security guards.
4. No person, corporation, partnership or association may organize more than one
agency in any one city or municipality.
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 5. No agency shall offer, render or accept services to gambling dens or other illegal
enterprises.
6. The extent of the security service being provided by any security agency shall not go
beyond the whole compound or property of the person or establishment requesting the
security service except when they escort big amount of cash.

Types of Security Guards

1. Government Contract Security Guards

Security guards that are hired by the government are often highly trained and armed.
These security guards will be deployed to protect, secure, and defend government employees
and property. These types of security guards can work in a variety of settings.

Their primary responsibility is to secure a specific site or facility, such as courthouses or

military command centres. If a high-risk situation arises, they may be called upon to defend
personnel and property.

In addition to the standard abilities necessary in the sector, Government Security Guards
must have a “clean” criminal record before being hired. Those with criminal records are
frequently ruled out as prospective candidates.

2. In-House Security Guards

In house security guards are personally hired by companies to work for them. They are
not contracted through a private security agency. These security guards are paid by and report
to the companies that hire them and operate under that company’s expectations.

Even though many countries prohibit internal security recruitment, certain firms continue
to hire and are permitted to hire in-house security officers.

These types of security guards have a wide range of opportunities for employing including.
• Armoured Guards
• Bank
• Hospital and Medical facility
• Cruise Ship
• Information Security industries.
• Hotel and Resort
• Nightclub Bouncers
• Museums

3. Contract Security Guards

This is the most common category of security guards. Private contract security guards
are hired by private security agencies. Clients hire a security agency, which provides security
guards that best fits the client’s needs.

Private Security Guard Options

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 When a company hires the services of a private security firm, they have various
alternatives. Most security firms will offer some or all the following security guard services:

1. Unarmed Security

Security guards who don’t carry guns or any other weapons are called unarmed security
guards. They are physically present on a property or business. They patrol every location,
monitor the security systems, and respond to threats very quickly and efficiently. Not having
guns doesn’t make the guards less valuable, their presence alone is enough to deter criminals
or trespassers. Unarmed security guard’s tasks involve surveillance, patrolling, access control,
policy enforcement, crowd control, searching and general crime deterrent. More than 80% of the
world’s security personnel conduct unarmed security tasks.

2. Armed Security

Armed security service is needed for locations that need a tougher security service.
Armed security guards are popularly used in high-threat environments where an individual’s life
is in danger or if the business or property is located in a high crime area.

They carry lethal weapons and probably small firearms on the job site. They have to
undergo additional training and state-mandated firearms certification to receive an armed guard
license to legally carry a firearm. Armed security guards are often ex-military or law enforcement
officers because they know about operating the firearm. Typically, armed security guards are
hired by companies that deal with valuable products or services.

3. Bodyguards

These are the personal security officers who are assigned to protect a person. They are
used for securing the lives of HNIs, dignitaries, celebrities, and other VIPs such as politicians.
These guards are generally well-armed and highly trained. They are also referred as to personal
protection agents.

4. Video Surveillance Operator

Private security firms train their employees in video surveillance tactics and equipment
before sending them to the client’s location. The operator may collaborate with other security
guards to evaluate camera footage, conduct surveillance, and monitor the situation. Many
businesses install surveillance cameras around the outside and within the facility to keep an eye
on illegal activity.

The CCTV operation, which mostly requires monitoring activities, operates in a low-risk
environment, but it must notice a major incident that influences the organization’s operations.

5. Patrol Guards

Mobile patrol security guards patrol your office and home premises on a dedicated
vehicle day and night to check any suspicious activity or threat. Mobile patrols are not a
constant presence. They patrol at scheduled times and emergency calls. Shergroup’s patrol
guards are governed by a security tagging system to log times and dates of when the patrolling
guards have monitored particular areas of the grounds. You can hire a permanent security

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patrol guard/unit to patrol your property at all hours of the day and night, or you can hire a
mobile patrol unit to visit your selected location at predetermined intervals on predetermined
days.

6. Event Security Guards

Event Security Guards are undoubtedly the most well-known in the profession due to
their high visibility. They’re mostly in charge of crowd control and maintaining order at events
such as concerts, sporting events, and professional conferences.

Event Security Guard’s responsibilities also include ensuring that attendees are
only in areas where they are permitted and are not bringing forbidden things into the
venue. They may be summoned to prevent or break up physical fights, particularly
during occasions with a lot of alcohol or where emotions are running high.

Types of Security
1. Physical Security - the most broad.
2. Industrial Security - security of business installations and industrial plants.
3. VIP Security - protection of high level officers and important personnel.
4. Bank Security - security of money and assets stored or in transit.
5. Hotel Security - security for hotel guest and their personal belongings and property as well
as properties of the hotel.
6. Document security - protection of vital records from loss or unauthorized access.
7. Communication Security - measures to prevent or delay the unauthorized person in
gaining information through communication.

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