PRACTICE SET MODULE II

DISCRETE RANDOM VARIBLE

1. Write probability mass function of binomial distribution. If the mean of a binomial
3
distribution is 3 and the variance is 2, find the probability of obtaining at most 3
success
2. A discrete random variable 𝑋 has mean 6 and variance 2. Assuming the distribution is
binomial, find the probability that 5 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 7.
3. In a town it has been known from census report that 40% of the total population is
matriculate. 8 persons are selected at random. Find the probability that (a) exactly
four of them are matriculate (b) at most 7 of them are matriculate (c) at least one of
them are matriculate
4. Write down a short description of (a) standard normal distribution, (b) Bernoulli
distribution and (c) axioms of probability.
5. It is seen that a cricket player becomes out within 10 runs in 3 out of 10 innings. If he
plays 4 innings, what is the probability that he will get (a) out twice (b) out at least once
within 10 runs?
6. Write down probability mass function of Binomial Distribution. In a pen
manufacturing company of Germany it is know that 30% of pen manufactured are
defective. What is the probability that out of 20 pens chosen at random, (a) one pen
will be defective? (b) At least one pen will be defective? (c) exactly 10 pens will be
defective? (d) no pen will be defective
7. If a random variable has a Poisson distribution such that 𝑃(𝑋 = 0) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 1) = 𝑘.
Find (i) k (ii) Mean of the distribution (iii)standard deviation (iv) 𝑃(𝑋 = 4).
8. For a Poisson variate X if 𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 1), find (𝑎) 𝑃(𝑋 = 1 𝑜𝑟 0) (b) mean
of X (c) the 2nd central moment of X
9. A random variable has a Poisson distribution such that 𝑃(1) = 𝑃(2), find the mean of
the distribution standard deviation and 𝑃(𝑋 = 4).
10. If 𝑋 is a Poisson distribution with parameter 𝜆 and 𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 3). Find
mean
11. If 𝑋 is a poisson variate such that 𝑃(𝑋 = 1) = 0.2 and 𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 0.2 find 𝑃(𝑋 =
0).
12. Find the probability that at most 5 defective fuses will be found in a box of 200 fuses
if the experience shows that 2 percent of such fuses are defective.
13. A radio active source emits on the average 2.5 particles per second, Calculate the
probability that 2 or more particles will be emitted in an interval of 4 seconds.
14. A car hire firm has two cars which it hires out day by day. The number of demands for
a car on each day is distributed as a Poisson distribution with average number of
demand per day 1.5. Calculate the proportion of days on which neither car is used and
proportion of days on which some demand is refused (𝑒 −1.5 = 0.2231).
15. Find the mean, variance and standard deviation of the binomial distribution and
Poison distribution .
16. If 𝑋 is a Binomial distribution with parameter 𝑛 and 𝑝 and also let 𝑛 → ∞, 𝑝 is a very
small number and 𝜆 = 𝑛𝑝 is fixed. Then prove that probability mass function of 𝑋
converges to probability mass function of Poisson distribution with parameter 𝜆
17. The mean of the poisson distribution is 𝜇. Then what is its standard deviation.

CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIBLE

1. If the weekly wage of 10,000 workers in a factory follows normal distribution with
mean and standard deviation Rs. 70 and Rs. 5 respectively, find the expected number
of workers whose weekly wages are (a) between Rs. 66 and Rs. 72 (b) less than Rs.
0.4 − 𝑡2 0.8 − 𝑡2
1 1
66 and (c) more than Rs. 72 [Given that √2𝜋 ∫0 𝑒 2 𝑑𝑡 = 0.1554, √2𝜋 ∫0 𝑒 2 𝑑𝑡 = 0.2881
2. Write probability density function normal distribution and standard normal
distribution. If X is normally distributed with mean 3 and standard deviation 2, find c
𝑡2
1 0.43 1
such that𝑃(𝑋 > 𝑐) = 2𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 𝑐). (Given that √2𝜋 ∫−∞ 𝑒− 2 𝑑𝑡 = 3.

3. The mean of a normal distribution is 50 and 5% of the values are greater than
60. Find the standard deviation of the distribution ( given that the area under standard
normal curve between z=0 and z=1.64 is 0.45).
4. In a normal distribution 31% of the items are under 45 and 8% are above 64. Find the
mean and standard deviation. (Given 𝑃(0 < 𝑍 < 1.405) = 0.42, 𝑃(−0.496 < 𝑍 <
0) = 0.19.
5. The weight of students in a college is normally distributed with mean m=40kg,
standard deviation 𝜎 = 5kg. Find the percentage of the students that have weight (a)
2 𝑡2
1
greater than 50kg (b) less than 52kg machine (Given that ∫ 𝑒
√2𝜋 −∞
−
2 𝑑𝑡 =
2.4 − 𝑡2
1
0.9772, ∫ 𝑒 2 𝑑𝑡 = 0.9918 )
√2𝜋 −∞

6. The I.Q. of students of a class is normally distributed with parameter mean (m)=90
and standard deviation 𝜎 =20. If the total number of students in the class is 500, then
2
1 ∞ −𝑡
find the number of students who have I.Q≥ 100. (Given that ∫ 𝑒 2 𝑑𝑡 =
√2𝜋 0.5
0.308 )
7. The distribution of height of men is normally distributed with mean 64.5’’ and
standard deviation 4.5’’. Among 10,000 men find the number of men whose height is
(a) less than 69’’ but greater than 55.5’’ (b) less than 55.5’’. [Given that
2 2
1 1 −𝑡 1 2 −𝑡
∫ 𝑒 2 𝑑𝑡 = 0.0398, ∫ 𝑒 2 𝑑𝑡 = 0.4772 )
√2𝜋 0 √2𝜋 0
8. A random variable X is exponential distribution with probability density function
𝑥
1 − , 𝑥>0
𝑓(𝑥) = {40 𝑒
40 ,
Find (a) 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 20) (b) 𝑃(32 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 48)
0, 𝑥≤0

9. The mileage that car owners get with a certain kind of radial tire is a random variable
having an exponential distribution with a mean 40000 𝑘𝑚. Find the probabilities that
one of these tires will last (i) at least 20000 𝑘𝑚 and (ii) at most 30000 𝑘𝑚.
10. Let the length of a phone call (in minutes) is exponentially distributed with mean 10.
If someone arrived immediately ahead of you at a telephone booth, fine the
 probability that you will have to wait for (a) more than 10 minutes (b) between 10
and 20 minutes
11. Let the kilometers that a car can run before its battery wears out is exponentially
distributed with mean 10,000 km. If a person desires to take a 5000 km trip, what is
the probability that he will be able to complete the trip without having to replace the
car battery?
12. If X has an exponential distribution with parameter 𝜆 (>0) then prove the Variance of
1 1
X is 𝜆2 , where mean of exponential distribution is 𝜆.

13. If X has a Gamma distribution with parameter l and 𝜆, then find its mean and
standard deviation. Also find the moment generating function of X.
14. In a town , the daily consumption of electric power (in millions kw) is a random
variable having gamma distribution with mean 6 and standard deviation 2√3. If the
power plant of the town has a daily capacity of 12 millions kw, what is the probability
that this power supply will be inadequate on any given day? For how many days the
town would be reeled under load shedding in a year (=365 days)

TWO DIMENSIONAL RANDONDOM VARIABLE

1. Let X and Y be two discrete random variables with joint probability mass function
given as follows
Y 0 1 2
X
1 0.05 0.05 0.25
2 0.15 0.10 0.15
3 0.10 0.05 0.10

(a)Find the probability mass function of 𝑋 + 𝑌. (b) E(X+Y)

2. If X and Y are independent random variables each having density function
𝑎𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 , 0 < 𝑥 < ∞ 𝑎nd 𝑎𝑒 −𝑎𝑦 , 0 < 𝑦 < ∞, where a is positive constant, find the
𝑋
density function of the quotient 𝑌 .

3. Let X and Y be two discrete random variables with joint probability mass function
given as follows
0 1 2
Y
X
0 0.1 0.4 0.1
1 0.2 0.2 0
(a) Find marginal probability mass function of X and Y.
(b) Also check X and Y are independent or not. (c) Find P(𝑋 + 𝑌 ≥ 2)