Ferranti Effect
In electrical engineering, a long AC transmission line draws a substantial quantity of charging
current, if such a line is open circuited or very lightly loaded at the receiving end, the voltage
at receiving end higher than the voltage at sending end. This is known as Ferranti effect.
Q Loss / P loss validation: Manual calculation
Sending end voltage – Vs = 220kV
Receiving end voltage – Vr = 235.2kV
Transmission line length = 300km
R = 0.1 ohm/km
XL = 0.4 ohm/km
Susceptance Y = Bc = 0.000036 mho/km
For 300km
R = 30 ohm
XL = 120 ohm
Total Susceptance – Y=B = 0.0108 mho
Sending end voltage BC1 = 0.00054 mho
Receiving end voltage BC2 = 0.00054 mho
Q = VI {V =IZ
= V. [V/Z] I=V/Z
Q = V2. BC Y=1/Z [Y=G + jB] G can be neglected
B=BC=1/Z }
Reactive power injected by C 2
QC2 = Vr*Vr*BC2
= 235.2*235.2*0.00054
= 29.87 MVAr
Reactive power injected by C1
QC1 = Vs*Vs*BC1
= 220*220*0.00054
= 26.13 MVAr
Total reactive power
= 29.87 + 26.13
= 56.00 MVAr
Reactive power loss
QXL = 3I2XL
I = IC2 = QC2/ (√3*Vr)
= (29.87*103)/(√3*235.2)
= 73.32A
QXL = 3*73.322*120
= 1935296 VAr
QXL = 1.93 MVAr
Net Q reactive power = QC1 + QC2 - QXL
= 29.87 + 26.13 – 1.93
= 54.07 MVAr
Net Q reactive power = 54076 KVAr
Real power = 3I2R
= 3*73.322 *30
= 483824.016W
Real power = 484 KW
