MTAP SATURDAY PROGRAM IN MATHEMATICS GRADE 8 SESSION 2
RECTANGULAR COORDINATE SYSTEM AND EQUATION OF A LINE
Part I. Accomplish the given tasks in each part.
A. Given the coordinates of each distinct point, plot them using one Cartesian plane only. Label them correctly. 1. M(3,4) 6. U(0, -3) 2. A(-1,2) 7. N(8,0) 3. T(1,-5) 8. J(3.5, - 1.5) Figure 1 5 1 4. H(-4,-4) 9. O(− , − ) 2 2 1 3 5. F(7, -2) 10. Y(− , ) 4 2
For more practice, explore plotting of points using Desmos Graphing
Calculator App or site. https://www.desmos.com/calculator
B. Locate the coordinates of each point on the rectangular
coordinate system (refer to Figure 1). 1. L _______ 5. P _______ 9. T _______ 2. M _______ 6. Q _______ 10. U _______ 3. N _______ 7. R _______ 4. O _______ 8. S _______
C. Identify the quadrant / coordinate axis in which the point P(x, y) is located. 1. P (6,-3) ________ 3. P (-2,-4) ________ 5. x < 0 , y > 0 ________ 7. x=0 , y < 0 ________ 2. P (0,7) ________ 4. P (5,0) ________ 6. x > 0 , y < 0 ________ 8. x < 0 , y=0 ________
D. Identify the form of each linear equation and translate it to slope-intercept form to determine its slope and intercepts. Forms of Linear Equation: a) slope-intercept form b) point-slope form c) two-point form d) intercept form e) general form f) standard form
Slope (m) Intercepts
Given Equation Form of Linear Equation Slope-Intercept Form (a,0) and (0,b) 3 1. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 − 5 −2−5 2. 𝑦 − 5 = 1−3 (𝑥 − 3)
3. 𝑦 − 3 = −6(x + 4)
𝑥 𝑦 4. 4 + 7 = 1
5. 3𝑦 + 2 = 0 6. −4𝑥 + 8𝑦 = 5 𝑥 𝑦 7. 2 − 5 = 1
8. 5𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 15
E. Write the equation of a line given the conditions in each item and based on its required form.
1. A line passes through the points (4,1) and (0,3). Equation in Slope-Intercept Form: ___________________________ 3 2. A line whose slope is and its y-intercept is −2. Equation in Standard Form: ___________________________ 2 7 3. A line passing through the point (5, −3) with a slope of − 5 . Equation in Standard Form: ________________________ 4. A line with intercepts at (0,7) and (4,0). Slope-Intercept Form: ___________________________ 5. A line parallel to 𝑦 = −5𝑥 − 3 and passes through (-2,5). Point-Slope Form: _____________________________ 1 6. A line is perpendicular to 𝑦 = − 𝑥 − 3 and passes through (1,-1). Slope-Intercept Form: _________________________ 4
7. A horizontal line whose y-intercept is at (0,-8). Equation in General Form: ________________________
F. Given the graph of a line, write its equation in slope-intercept form. Express the value of slope in fraction form.
1) 2) 3)
4) 5) 6)
G. Sketch the graph of each line. 𝟑
1) 𝒚 = 𝒙 − 𝟏 3) 𝒚 = 𝒙 + 𝟏 5) 𝟕𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟗 𝟓 2) 𝟔𝒙 − 𝟓𝒚 = −𝟓 4) x-intercept=-2 ; y-intercept=-1 6) x-intercept=2 ; y-intercept=4 I. Part II. Analyze and solve each problem carefully. 1. Point M (5.5, 1) is the midpoint between L (-7,3) and N. Find the coordinates of N. 2. A triangle has vertices J (0,7) , O (5,-6) , and Y (10,7). Find the length of the altitude to the shortest side. 3. There are eight points, each with integer coordinates that are 10 units from the origin. List all the points. 4. Find the perimeter of a triangle whose vertices are (-4,0) , (4,0) , and (4,6). 5. For quadrilateral ABCD with A (0,-1) , B (6,-1) , C (6,-7) , and D (0,-5): a) Locate the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅ AB. b) Find the lengths of ̅̅̅̅AD and ̅̅̅̅ BC. 6. The vertices of a triangle are F (-3,2) , U (-1,6) , and N (4,1). Write an equation for the line containing each side. Use the standard form of linear equations. 7. The endpoints of a diameter of a circle are M (-6,-5) and J (6,15). Find the coordinates of its center. 8. Given ∆ABC, its vertices are A (4,2) , B (-1,7) , and C (1,1). Find the product of the slopes of AC̅̅̅̅ and BC ̅̅̅̅. 9. The vertices of a quadrilateral are M (-3,2) , A (-1,6) , R (5,5) , and Y (2,1). Write an equation for the line containing its diagonals. Express the equation in slope-intercept form. 10. Complete the information in each statement to make it TRUE. 3 a) A line with slope 4 passes through the points (2,3) and (10, ___ ). b) A line with slope -5/2 passes through the points (8, -4) and ( ___ , 6). c) A line with slope m passes through the points (a, b) and (c, ___ ) Challenge: 1. For buildings to be accessible to handicapped persons, the engineering Figure 2 14 in.
department passed a bill that the slope of the ramp must be less than 12 feet or equal to 1/12. a) Does the ramp shown in Figure 2 meet the standard? b) If the ramp covers a horizontal distance of 20 feet instead of 12 feet, will the slope meet the standard? c) For a slope to be equal to 1/12, how far must the ramp extend horizontally? x y 2. If a line intersects the x-axis at P (a, 0) and the y-axis at (0, b), then prove that a + b = 1. 3. Given the vertices of LOVE : L (0,0) , O (6,0) , V (9,1) , and E (3,1). Prove that it is a parallelogram. 4. If one of the diagonals of a rectangle has its endpoints at (-6,4) and (2,-2), what is its perimeter and area? 3 5. The sides of a triangle is contained by the following equations: 𝑦 = 3, 𝑥 = 0, and 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 − 3. Solve for the slope of its longest side and its area.
Prepared by: MARY JOY A. VILLAREAL, Caloocan National Science & Technology High School – SDO Caloocan
