Key Algorithms in Machine Learning
Linear Regression: A simple model that predicts a target value based on a linear
relationship between input features and output. It is used for regression tasks
(predicting continuous values).
Decision Trees: A model that makes decisions by splitting data into branches based
on feature values. It can be used for both classification and regression tasks.
Random Forest: An ensemble method that uses multiple decision trees to improve
performance by averaging or voting on predictions.
Support Vector Machines (SVM): A classification algorithm that finds the hyperplane
that best separates different classes in the data.
Neural Networks and Deep Learning: A class of algorithms that are inspired by the
human brain. These models are capable of learning complex patterns and are
especially powerful in areas such as image and speech recognition.
K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN): A classification algorithm that assigns a class based
on the majority class among its k nearest neighbors in the feature space.
Machine Learning Workflow
Data Collection: Gather relevant data that can be used to train the model.
Data Preprocessing: Clean the data by handling missing values, normalizing, or
standardizing features, and encoding categorical data.
Model Selection: Choose an appropriate algorithm based on the problem
(classification, regression, clustering, etc.).
Training: Feed data into the model and adjust its parameters to minimize errors.
Evaluation: Use performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, or F1-
score to evaluate the model's performance.
Tuning: Optimize the model's hyperparameters to improve performance.
Deployment: Deploy the trained model to make predictions on new, unseen data.
Applications of Machine Learning
Healthcare: Disease prediction, medical image analysis, drug discovery.
Finance: Fraud detection, credit scoring, algorithmic trading.
Retail: Personalized recommendations, inventory management, customer segmentation.
Autonomous Vehicles: Self-driving cars, object detection, navigation.
Natural Language Processing (NLP): Sentiment analysis, speech recognition,
chatbots.
Gaming: AI in game development, game agents (e.g., AlphaGo).
