TOPICS 2: AC Circuits Review Questions with Solutions

1. Determine the frequency of Solution: 8. A series RLC circuit has a Q of 5.1 at its resonance frequency C 754.1 V
an AC waveform for which of 100 kHz. Assuming the power dissipation of the circuit is 14. A circuit has an impedance Z = 3+j4 ohms and a a source of D. 1118 V
the period is 5 ms. 100 W when drawing a current of 0.80 A, determine the BW. 50∠30 deg at a frequency of 1.5 kHz. Determine the supply 7. Determine the bandwidth of a series RLC circuit with 50V ac
Solution: current in this circuit supply, R= 3kohms, L = 3H, and C = 1μF
Solution: A 31.8 Hz
2. The apparent power on a Solution: B 106.1 Hz
circuit is now 100 W, and C.159.2 Hz
the imaginary power is 40 D. 202.4 Hz
W. What is the true power? 8. An ac circuit is purely resistive having an equivalent resistance
of 15 ohms at the terminals A 110V 60Hz source is
3. A 3-ohm resistor and an Solution: connected across the terminals. Determine the power and
15. A coil of resistance of 100 ohms and an inductance of 200
inductor with a reactance power factor
mH. If an alternating voltage, V, is given by v 200sin500t
of 4-ohm are connected A P=77W, pf =1.0
volts is applied across the coil, calculate the voltage
series across an AC B P=251W, pf =0.8
across the resistor.
voltage source of 250 V at C P-451W, pf =0.8
Solution:
0°. Find the current in 9. A transformer has a rated D P-807W, pf =1.0
complex form. output of 200kVA at a 9 Solve the true power of series RC circuit with 10V, 5kHz ac
power factor of 0.8. source, R = 110 ohms, and C = 0 1μF
4. А low-pass π-connected symmetrical filter section has an Determine the rated A 96.98 mW
inductance of 200mH in its series arm and capacitances of power output. B 82.5 mW
400 pF in each of its shunt arms. The cut- off frequency of the Solution: C 78.78 mW
filter is: D 70.2 mW.
Solution: 10 Three circuit elements R = 2 ohms, XL = 8 ohms, and XC = 4
10. A circuit consisting of a ohms are connected in parallel, the reactances being at 60
resistor in series with a Hz. Determine the input admittance
capacitor takes 100W at A 0.4-j0.15 S
a power factor of 0.5 B 0.63-j0.17 S
from a 100V, 60Hz C 0.5+j0.125 S
supply. Find the current 1 A 50uF capacitor is connected to 100V, 250 Hz supply D 0.65+j0.215 S
flowing. Determine the apparent power
5. An alternative voltage is Solution: Solution: 11.The bandwidth of a series resonance circuit is 100Hz and the
A OVA
given by v=282.8sin314t resonance frequency is 1000Hz. If the circuit resistance is
B 630 VA
volts. Find its r.m.s. . 11. A series of resistance 60 ohms and inductance 75 mH is 10 ohms, determine L and C
C. 785 VA
voltage. connected to a 110V, 60Hz supply. Calculate the total A. 15.9 mH and 1.59 μF
D. 912 VA
current in this circuit. 2 A motor takes a current of 10A when supplied from a 250 V ac B. 1.59 mH and 15.9 μF
6. A coil of Resistance R ohms and inductance L henry is Solution: supply Assuming a power factor of 0.85 lagging, find the h C. 23.5 mH and 57.3 μF
connected in series with a 50 microfarad capacitor. If the energy consumed if this runs for 6 days D. 32.1 mH and 43.3 μF
supply voltage is 225V at 50Hz and the current flowing in the A 201.6 kWh
circuit is 1.5 ∠-30∘A, determine the value of the inductance L. B 288 kWh 12. A current sine wave has a peak of 58 mA and a radian
Solution: C 315 kWh frequency of 90 rad/s. Find the instantaneous current at
D 355.7 kWh t=20ms.
3. For a series RC circuit with supply frequency of 500Hz R = A 50.9 mA
10ohms, and C = 15μF Calculate the phase angle of the B. 53.4 mA
circuit. C. 56.5 mA
A 60.5 deg D. 57 8 mA
B 64 8 deg 13. The instantaneous power absorbed by a circuit is p= 10 +8
C 72 1 deg sin (377t+ 40)W. Find the maximum absorbed power
D. 75.9 deg A. 8W
4. For a parallel RC circuit with 24V, 4kHz supply, 5 ohms B. 10W
12. A series circuit comprises a coil of resistance 2 ohms and resistor and 10uFcapacitor/ calculate the magnitude of the C.18W
inductance 60 mH, and a 30 microfarad capacitor. total current A. 5A D. 0W
Determine the Q-factor of the circuit at resonance. B 5.78 A 14.______is a parallel LC circuit
Solution: C. 6.52 A A. Parallel resisting circuit
D 7.68 A B. Hartley circuit
5 An inductive coil consumes 500W of power at 7A and 220V, C. Static circuit
7. A capacitor has a reactance of 40 ohms when operated on a 60Hz supply Determine the inductance of the coil D. Tank circuit
50 Hz supply. Determine the value of its capacitance. A 26 mH 15. In series RLC, what will be the impedance of the network
B 43 mH when the frequency is above resonance?
C. 57 mH A Resistive
D. 79 mH B Capacitive
13. The instantaneous power absorbed by a circuit is p = 10 + 6. A coil of negligible resistance, with inductance 80mH is C.Inductive
8sin (377t+40) W. Find the maximum absorbed power? connected in series with a capacitance of 3uF and a D Complex
Solution: resistance of 10 ohms across a 40V variable frequency 16 In series RLC, what will be the impedance of the network
supply Determine the voltage across the capacitor at when the frequency is below resonance?
Solution: resonance A Resistive
A 365 V B Capacitive
B 653.2 V C Inductive
D Complex
TOPICS 2: AC Circuits Review Questions with Solutions
17 series LC circuit, at the resonant into a sum of weighted impulse sequences. d) digital a) Discrete signal
frequency, the A. 2 𝛿 (n)+4 𝛿 (n-1)+3 𝛿 (n-3) b) Deterministic signal
A Current is minimum B. 2 𝛿 (n+1)+4 𝛿 (n)+3 𝛿 (n-2) 16. The type of systems which are characterized by input and the c) Random signal
B. Voltage across C is minimum C. 2 𝛿 (n)+4 𝛿 (n-1)+3 𝛿 (n-2) output capable of taking any value in a particular set of d) Periodic signal
C. Impedance is maximum D. 2 𝛿 (n)+4 𝛿 (n-1)+4 𝛿 (n-2) values are called as
D. Current is maximum a) analog 26. Y (t)=x (t/5) is,
18. The relationship of the voltage accros an inductor to its b) discrete a) Compressed signal
current is described as c) digital b) Expanded signal
A. Leading the current by 90 deg d) Continuous c) Time shifted signal
B. Lagging the current by 90 deg d) Amplitude scaled signal by factor 1/s
C Leading the current by 180 deg 17. An example of a discrete set of information/systems is
D. In phase with the current a) the trajectory of the Sun 27. y(t)=sin(x(t-1)): Comment on its memory aspects.
b) data on a CD a) Having memory
19 Term for the phenomena which occur in an electrical circuit 8. The block denoted as follows is known as _________ c) universe time scale b) Needn't have memory
when the inductive reactance balanced with the capacitive d) movement of water through a pipe c) Memoryless system
reactance d) Time invariant system
A. Resonance 18. When we take up design of systems, ideally how do we
B. Reactive equilibrium define the stability of a system? 28. y(t) = x(t-2) + x(2-t). Comment on its causality:
C. Q A. Delay block a) A system is stable, if a bounded input gives a bounded a) Causal
D. Reactive quiescence B. Advance block output, for some values of the input b) Time variant
C. Multiplier block b) A system is unstable, if a bounded input gives a bounded c) Non-causal
20 What is the relationship between frequency D. Adder block output, for all values of the input d) All of the mentioned
and the value of XC ? c) A system is stable, if a bounded input gives a
A. Frequency has no effect 9. The output signal when a signal x(n)=(0,1,2,3) is processed bounded output, for all values of the input 29. Determine the nature of the system:
B.XC varies inversely with frequency through an 'Delay' system is? d) A system is unstable, if a bounded input gives a bounded y(n)=x(-n).
C. XC varies indirectly with frequency A. (3,2,1,0) output, for some values of the input a) Causal
D. XC varies directly with frequency B (1,2,3,0) b) Non-causal
C. (0,1,2,3) 19. All causal systems must have the component of c) Causal for all positive values of n
D. (0,0,1,2,3) a) memory d) Non-causal for negative values of n
Set C b) time invariance
1. The function given by the equation 10. If a system do not have a bounded output for bounded input, c) stability 30. Determine the nature of the system: y(t)= 12 x(t-1)
x(n)=1, for n=0; x(n)=0, for n≠0 is a ___________ then the system is said to be d) linearity a) Linear, time invariant
A. Triangular function A. Causal b) Linear, time variant
B. Unit pulse function B. Non-causal 20. Amplifiers, motors, filters etc. are examples for which type of c) Non-linear, time invariant
C. Ramp function C. Stable system? d) Non-linear, time variant
D. Step function D. Non-stable a) Distributed parameter systems
b) Unstable systems 31. y[n]=m x[n] is
2. The discrete time function defined as 11. If x(n)=(0,1,2,3,3,0,0,0) then x(2n) is? c) Discrete time systems a) LTI
u(n)=n for n≥0;u(n)=0 for n<0 is an _____ A. (0,2,4,6,6,0,0,0) d) Continuous time systems. b) Time varying
A. Unit step signal B. (0,1,2,3,3,0,0,0) c) Linear and time invariant
B. Impulse signal C. (0,2,3,0,0,0,0,0) 21. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a d) Causal and time invariant
C. Unit sample signal D. (0,3,6,9,9,1,1,1) deterministic signal? system.
D. Unit ramp signal a) Exhibits no uncertainty
12. If x(n)=(0,0,1,2,3,4,0,0) then x(n-2) is? b) Instantaneous value can be accurately predicted 32. What is the homogenous solution of the system described by
3. The given signal is linear or nonlinear: A. (0,0,2,4,6,8,0,0) c) Exhibits uncertainty the homogenous second order equation y(n)-3.5y(n-1)-
B. (0,0,1,2,3,4,0,0) d) Can be represented by a mathematical equation 2y(n-2)=0?
C (1,2,3,4,0,0,0,0) a) C 1 C 4
A. linear D. (0,0,0,0,1,2,3,4) 22. Sum of two periodic signals is a periodic signal when the ratio b) C 1 C 4
B. nonlinear of their time periods is_______ c) C 1 C 4
13. If x(n)=(0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0) then x(3n+1) is? a) A rational number d) 𝐂𝟏 𝟏/𝟐 𝒏 𝐂𝟐 𝟒 𝐧
4. The given signal is linear or nonlinear: A. (0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0) b) An irrational number
𝐲 𝐧 𝐱 𝐧 𝟐 B. (0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0) c) A complex number
A linear C. (1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0) d) An integer
B. nonlinear D. (0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1)
23. Discrete time signal is derived from continuous time signal by
5. The given signal is time-variant or time- invariant: 14. The solution obtained by assuming the _______ process.
input x(n) of the system is zero is a) Addition
𝒚 𝒏 𝒙 𝒏 𝒏𝒙 𝒏 𝟏
A. General solution b) Multiplying
A. time-invariant
B. Particular solution c) Sampling
B. time-variant
C. Complete solution d) Addition and multiplication
D. Homogenous solution
6. The given signal is time-variant or time-
invariant: 24. If x(-t)= -x (t) then the signal is said to be
y (n) = x (−n + 2) a) Even signal
15. The type of systems that are characterized by input and the b) Odd signal
A. time-invariant
output quantized at certain levels are called as: c) Periodic signal
B. time-variant
a) analog d) Non-periodic signal
b) discrete
7. Resolve the sequence x(n)={2, 4, 0, 3}
c) continuous 25. Noise generated by an amplifier of radio is an example for?
TOPICS 2: AC Circuits Review Questions with Solutions
33. What is the homogenous solution of the difference equation 6. The distance covered or traveled by a waveform during the time 17. The maximum instances value of a varying current, voltage or 27. The AC system is preferred over DC system because
y(n)= -2y(n-1)-(3/4)y(n-2)+x(n)? interval of one complete cycle. power equal to 1.414 times the effective value of a sine wave. a. Ac voltages can easily changed in magnitude
a) C 3 C 2 a. Frequency a. RMS value b. Dc motors do not have fine speed control
b) 𝐂𝟏 𝟑/𝟐 𝒏 𝐂𝟐 𝟏/𝟐 𝐧 b. Wavelength b. Peak value c. High voltage AC transmission is less efficient
c) C 1/2 C 1/3 c. Time slot c. Effective value d. DC voltage cannot be used for domestic aplliences
d) C 1/2 C 1/3 d. Wave time d. Peak to Peak value 28. An alternating voltage is given by v = 20 sin 157 t. The
18. If an AC signal has a peak voltage of 55V, what is the average frequency of the alternating voltage is
7. The power dissipated accross the resistance in an AC circuit. value? a. 50 Hz
a. Real power a. 34.98 V b. 25 HZ
b. Reactive power b. 61.05V c. 100 Hz
c. Apparent power c. 86.34 V d. 75 Hz
d. True power d. 38.89 V
8. It is the number of complete cycles of alternating voltage or
current complete each second 29. An alternating current given by i = 10 sin 314 t. The time taken
a. Period 19. If an AC signal has an average voltage of 18V, what is the rms to generate two cycles of current is
b. Frequency voltage? a. 20 ms
c. Amplitude a. 12.726 V b. 10 ms
d. Phase b. 19.980 V c. 40 ms
9. How many degrees are there in one complete cycle? c. 25.380 V d. 50 ms
a. 720 deg d. 16.213 V
b. 360 deg 30. In a pure resistive circuit, the instantaneous voltage and current
c. 180 deg are given by:
d. 90 deg 20. A 220-V, 60Hz is driving a series RL circuit. Determine the v=250 sin 314t i=10sin314t
10. The impedance in the study of electronics is represented by current if R=100 ohms and 20 mH inductance The peak power in the circuit is
resistance and ___ . a. 2.2 A (lagging) a.1250 W
a. Reactance b. 2.0 A (lagging) b. 25 W
b. Inductance and capacitance c. 2.2 A (leading) c. 2500 W
c. Inductance d. 2.0 A (leading) d. 250 w
d. capacitance
11. It is the current that is eliminated by a synchro capacitor?
a. Magnetizing stator 21. Ignoring any inductive effects, what is the impedance of RC 31. An average value of 6.63 A is _____ as the effective value of
b. Loss series capacitor made up of a 56K ohm resistor and a 0.33uF 7.07 A.
c. Stator capacitor at a signal frequency of 4650 Hz. a. The same area
d. Rotor a. 66730 ohms b. Less than
12. It is a rotaing sector that represent either current or voltage in an b. 57019 ohms c. Greater than
AC circuit. c. 45270 ohms d. Any of these
1. The description of two sine waves that are in step with each other a. Resistance d. 10730 ohms 32. In an R-L series circuit, the resistance is 10 ohms and the
going through their maximum and minimum points are the same b. Phasor inductive reactance is 10 ohms. The phase angle between the
time and in the same direction. c. Solar diagram applied voltage and circuit current will be
a. Sine waves in phase d. velocity 22.What is the time constant of a 500mH coil and a 3300 ohm a. 45 deg
b. Stepped sine waves 13. The relationship of the voltage accros an inductor to its current resistor in series? b. 30 deg
c. Phased sine waves is described as a. 0.00015 sec c. 60 deg
d. Sine waves in coordination a. Leading the current by 90 deg b. 6.6 sec d. 36.8 deg
b. Lagging the current by 90 deg c. 0.0015 sec
2. Term used for the out of phase, non-productive power associated c. Leading the current by 180 deg d. 0.0000015 sec 33.An R-L series ac circuit has 15V across the resistor and 20V
with inductors and capacitors. d. In phase with the current across the inductor. The supply volatge is
a. Effective power 23. What is the relationship between frequency and the value of XC a. 35 V
b. True power 14. Find the phase angle between the voltage across through the ? b. 5 V
c. Reactive power cicuit when Xc is 25ohms, R is 100 ohms and XL is 50 ohms. a. Frequency has no effect c. 25 V
d. Peak envelope power a. 76 deg with the voltage leading the current b. XC varies inversely with frequency d. 175 V
b. 24 deg with the voltage lagging the current c. XC varies indirectly with frequency
3. Refers to a reactive power. c. 14 deg with the voltage lagging the current d. XC varies directly with frequency
a. Wattless, non productive power d. 76 deg with the voltage lagging the current 24. Which of the following is the reactance of a 25mH coil at 34. The active and reactive powers of an inductive circuit are equal.
b. Power consumed in circuit Q 15. Calculate the period of an alternating current having a equation 5000Hz? The power factor of the circuit is
c. Power loss because of capacitor leakage of I=20sin 120πt a. 785 ohms a. 0.8 lagging
d. Power consumed in wire resistance in an inductor a. 4.167 ms b. 785000 ohms b. 0.707 lagging
4. It is equal to the product of the apparent power and the power b. 8.33 ms c. 13 ohms c. 0.6 lagging
factor. c. 16.67 ms d. 0.0012 ohms d. 0.5 lagging
a. Effective power d. 33.33 ms 25. There are no transients in pure resistive circuites because they
b. Real power a. Offer high resistance
c. Peak envelope power b. Obey ohm’s Law 35. A circuit when connected to 200V mains takes a current of 20 A,
d. True power c. Are linear circuits leading the voltage by one-twelfth of time period. The circuit
5. The product of current and voltage in an AC circuit refers to the 16. What do you mean by root-mean-square (rms) value? d. Have no stored energy resistance is
a. Real power a. It is the average value 26. The reciprocal of capacitance is called a. 10 ohms
b. Useful power b. It is the effective value a. Elastance b. 8.66 ohms
c. Apparent power c. It is the value that causes the same heating effect b. Conductance c. 20 ohms
d. DC power as the DC voltage c. Permitivity d. 17.32 ohms
d. b or c d. permeability
TOPICS 2: AC Circuits Review Questions with Solutions
36. An AC circuit has a resistance of 6 ohms, inductive reactance of b. 58.7 kHz 63. The resistance between any pair two terminals of a balanced
20 ohms, and capacitive reactance of 12 ohms. The circuit power c. 16.5 kHz wye-connected load is 12 ohms.
will be 45. A coil has 1200 turns and produces 100 uWb when the current d. 47.3 kHz a. 6 ohms
a. 0.8 lagging flowing is 1A. The inductance of the coil is b. 18 ohms
b. 0.8 leading a. 0.21 H c. 24 ohms
c. 0.6 lagging b. 0.12 H 53. At series resonance _____ . d. None of these
d. 0.6 leading c. 0.31 H a. Circuit impedance is very large 64. If an AC circuit contains three nodes, the number of each mesh
37. An alternating voltage of 80 + j60 V is applied to a circuit and d. 0.41 H b. Circuit power factor is minimum equations that can be formulated is
the current flowing is -40 + j10 A. Find the phase angle. c. Voltage across L or C is zero a. 1
a. 25 deg d. Circuit power factor is unity b. 2
b. 50 deg 54. At series resonance, the voltage across the inductor is c. 3
c. 75 deg 46. A capacitor connected to a 115 V, 25 Hz supply takes 5 A. What a. Equal to the applied voltage d. 4
d. 100 deg current will it take when the capacitance and frequency are b. Much more than the applied voltage
38. A current wave is represented by the equation i = 10 sin 251t. doubled? c. Equal to voltage across R 65. The relation of the voltage across an inductor to its current is
The average and RMS value of current are a. 2 A d. Less than the applied voltage describe as
a. 7.07 A; 6.63A b. 5 S 55. The Q factor of the coil is _____ the resistance of the coil. a. Leading the current by 90 deg
b. 6.36A; 7.07A c. 10 A a. Inversely proportional to b. Lagging the current by 90 deg
c. 10A; 7.07A d. 20 A b. Directly proportional to c. Leading the current by 180 deg
d. 6.36A; 10A c. Independent of d. In phase with the current
d. None of these
39. Calculate the susceptance in mho of a circuit consisting of 56. An RLC circuit is connected is connected to 200V AC source. If
resistor of 10 ohms in series with a conductor of 0.1H, when the 47. A resistor of 20 ohms is connected in parallel with a capacitor Q factor of the coil is 10, then the voltage across the capacitor at
frequency is 50Hz. across a 110 V, 40 Hz supply. If the current taken is 6A, what is the resonance is
a. 0.0303 capacitance? a. 200 V
b. 0.0092 a. 88.6 uF b. 2000 V
c. -0.029 b. 68.8 uF c. 20 V A(t) = Am sin (ωt + Φ) Squarewave
d. 32.95 c. 86.8 uF d. 210 V ω = 2πf
d. 76.8 uF 57. At parallel resonance f = 1/T
40. An inductive circuit of resistance 16.5 ohms and inductive of a. Circuit impedance is minimum λ=v/f
0.14H takes a current of 25 A. If the frequency is 50Hz, the supply b. Power factor is zero sinudsoidal Triangular
voltage is 48. What capacitance must be placed in series with an inductance c. Line current is maximum
a. 117.4 V of 0.05H, so that when the frequency is 100 Hz, the impedance d. Power factor is unity
b. 1174 V becomes equal to the ohmic resitance? 58. The dynamic impedance of parallel resonant circuit is 1 Mohms.
c. 1714 V a. 70.5 uF If the capacitance is 1uF, and the resistance is 1ohm, then the
d. 1471 V b. 50.7 uF value of the inductance is
41. The current taken by a circuit is 1.2 A when the applied potential c. 5.7 uF a. 1 H Inductive Inductive Susceptance
difference is 250 V and the power taken is 135W. The power factor d. 7.05 Uf b. 10 H Reactance (BL)
is c. 10 pH (XL)
a. 0.35 d. 10 uH
b. 0.45 Capacitive Capacitive Susceptance
c. 0.55 49. A reactor of resistance of 20 ohms and inductance of 0.1 H is 59. When supply frequency is less than the resonant frequency in a Reactance (BC)
d. 0.65 connected in parallel with a capacitor. The capacitance of the parallel ac circuit, then the circuit is (XC)
capacitor required to produce a resonance when connected to a a. Resistive
100V, 50 Hz is b. Capacitive IMPEDANCE (Z) ADMITTANCE (Y)
42. A capacitor has a capacitance of 20uF. The current supplied if it a. 71.2 uF c. Inductive
is placed across a 1100 V, 25 Hz supply. b. 1.277 uF d. None of these
a. 3.554 A c. 17.2 uF 60. At parallel resonance, the circuit drwas a current of 2mA. If the
b. 6.91 A d. 72.1 uF Q of the circuit is 100, then the current through the capacitor is
c. 3.45 A a. 2 mA
d. 9.61 A b. 1 mA
c. 200 mA SERIES RESITOR-INDUCTOR CIRCUIT
50. What is the resonant frequency of a circuit when an inductance d. None of these
43. A non-inductive load takes a 100A at 100V. Calculate the of 1uH and capacitance of 10 picofarad are in series? 61. A circuit has an impedance of (1-j2) ohms. The susceptance of
inductance of the inductor to be connected in series in order that the a. 15.9 MHz the circuit in mho is
same current is supplied from 220 V, 50 Hz mains. b. 50.3 MHz a. 0.1
a. 1.96 ohms c. 15.9 kHz b. 0.2
b. 6.91 ohms d. 50.3 KHz c. 0.4 SERIES RESISTOR-CAPACITOR CIRCUIT
c. 19.6 ohms d. None of these
d. 9.61 ohms
44. An inductor having negligible resistance and an inductance of 62. If the admittance of a parallel ac circuit increased, the circuit
0.07H is connected in series with a resiostor of 20 ohms resitance 51. The _____ the Q of a circuit, the narrower the bandwidth. current
across a 200, 50 Hz supply. The maximum energy stored in the coil a. Lower a. Remains constant
is b. Higher b. Is increased
a. 3.175 J c. Broader c. Is decreased
b. 1.585 J d. Selective d. None of these
c. 0.236 J 52. Find the half power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit
d. 0.33 J which has a resonant frequency of 3.6MHz and Q of 218.
a. 606 kHz
TOPICS 2: AC Circuits Review Questions with Solutions
PARALLEL RESISTOR-INDUCTOR PARALLEL
RESISTOR-
CAPACITOR
𝒁𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒍
𝟏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
..
𝒁𝟏 𝒁𝟐 𝒁𝟑 𝒁

APPARENT POWER (S) REAL POWER

S = Vrms Irms = Irms2 |Z| (VA)
Power Factor REACTIVE POWER
(QL or QC)

Instantaneous Power (watts)

Average Power (watts) Reactive factor

Bandwidth, BW (Hz) Quality Factor (Q)

Resonant Rise in
Voltage across L or
C

Parallel resonance
Quality Factor (Q) Bandwidth, BW (Hz)

Tuning Capacitance Resonant frequency, Dynamic

fr, (Hz) Impedanc
e (Z),

Cut-Off frequency

BW = f2 - f1
Quality Factor