Semester 01

B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps

DevOps Overview
Module # 03

Definition of DevOps
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Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

Module Learning Objectives

At the end of the module you would be able to learn the following
 Enumerate the pitfall of traditional IT systems and its processes
 Describe the evolution of DevOps
 Explain the core concepts of DevOps
 Enumerate the core principles of DevOps
 Understand the benefits of embracing DevOps
 Identify the need for building a business case for DevOps

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

Module Topics
The following topics that will be covered in the module:
1. Challenges of traditional IT systems & processes
2. History and emergence of DevOps
3. DevOps definition and principles governing DevOps
4. DevOps and Agile
5. The need for building a business use case for DevOps

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

1. Challenges of Traditional IT systems

Traditional IT systems follow outdated processes that are not suited for products of today. This leads to many
challenges for the organization

Poor Quality ⇥ Organizations create and deliver products that offer less or no value to the end customer
of products leading to product – market gap
⇥ Products fail to meet the expectations of the customer, who seek high performance, ease
of use sturdy
Irregular release ⇥ Software products need continuous updates and new releases to meet customer’s growing
or updates demands.
⇥ Organization following traditional model are unable to update at shorter time spans, thereby
becoming obsolete to the customer
Product backlog ⇥ Most of the traditional IT organizations follow archaic systems that results in huge product
backlog and delay in delivery of products
⇥ Product backlog further leads to business loss
Outdated processes ⇥ Traditional systems follow outdated processes leading to loss of effort, time and money for
the organization
⇥ Organization adhering to traditional practices are siloed and closed with little interaction
between different functions leading to poorly built products

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

1.1 Disconnect between Development & Operations teams

The primary challenges between two teams are
« Lack of collaboration « Disintegrated processes « Difference in tools & implementation processes
« Disinterest in learning new tools « Difference of opinion « Work loss « Poor feedback system

TRADITIONAL IT CULTURE DEVOPS CULTURE

Objective: Objective: Objective:
Deliver Features Maintain Availability Deliver features and maintain availability

Development Operations Operations

Business Requirements Service Desk

Dev SIT UAT Prod
Software Development NOC/Support
Quality Assurance Infrastructure SW Development – Infrastructure – Quality Assurance

Dev SIT UAT Prod

Business Service Desk
Requirements NOC/Support

Dev vs. Ops – The organization’s culture mimics the organizations DevOps – The organization’s culture is focused on end-to-end
architectural design of two silos with competing objectives. operational delivery (speed and quality).
Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

2. Emergence of DevOps
Development and operations teams have functioned as two different entities without any collaboration.
This mindset changes due to the challenges that teams faced across organizations

EMERGENCE OF DEVOPS
Patrick Debois in Belgium, working on a
government project faces challenges due
to the friction & lack of cohesion between
developer and system administrators in
his team
2007

Andrew Shafer in Toronto

2008 posts a session on Agile
Infrastructure

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

Emergence of DevOps (Contd.)

John Allspaw & Paul Hammond present

at the O’Reilly Velocity ‘09 conference June 2009
titled “10 Deploys a Day: Dev & Ops
cooperation at Flickr”

DevOpsDays was
October 2009 born and the
hashtag #DevOps
has evolved

Gartner’s report - DevOps will be the

future - Tools such as Chef, Puppet &
Vagrant started gaining more momentum, March 2011
which created more buzz

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

2.1 Early Adopters of DevOps

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

3. Definition for DevOps

“DevOps represents a change in IT culture, focusing on rapid IT service delivery through the adoption of agile,
lean practices in the context of a system-oriented approach. DevOps emphasizes people (and culture), and
seeks to improve collaboration between operations and development teams. DevOps implementations utilize
technology — especially automation tools that can leverage an increasingly programmable and dynamic
infrastructure from a life cycle perspective”
Source adopted from https://www.gartner.com/it-glossary/devops

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

3. Definition for DevOps (Contd.)

Gartner’s

DevOps is the combination of cultural philosophies, practices, and tools that increases an organization’s ability
to deliver applications and services at high velocity: evolving and improving products at a faster pace than
organizations using traditional software development and infrastructure management processes. This speed
enables organizations to better serve their customers and compete more effectively in the market.

Source adopted from https://aws.amazon.com/devops/what-is-devops/

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

3. Definition for DevOps (Contd.)

Gartner’s

DevOps (a clipped compound of "development" and "operations") is a software engineering culture and
practice that aims at unifying software development (Dev) and software operation (Ops). The main
characteristic of the DevOps movement is to strongly advocate automation and monitoring at all steps of
software construction, from integration, testing, releasing to deployment and infrastructure management.
DevOps aims at shorter development cycles, increased deployment frequency, and more dependable releases,
in close alignment with business objectives
Source adopted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

3.1 Agile, Lean & DevOps

Agile Lean DevOps

Product development is broken into Lean processes is about DevOps methodology follows many of
smaller units and delivered at creating and delivering the principles adapted by agile and
continuous intervals. customer value with efficient lean practitioners. Agile, lean and
use of resources and devops are linked together as there
minmizing waste. are many commonalities.

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

3.1.1 DevOps – A Culture & Its Benefits

⇥ DevOps is not a framework or a standard to DevOps Culture
be implemented but a culture that pervades
the organization and enables speedy
delivery of products and services. Transparency Grassroots Rewarding
Communication innovation good behaviors
⇥ DevOps is an amalgamation of development
and operations to create a more efficient,
foolproof process that supports collaboration
and teamwork leading to high performance.
Embrace failure Chang is Good No blame Trust

Honesty and Tools Accountability Collaboration

openness

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

3.1.2 DevOps – Benefits

DevOps adoption offers numerous benefits to organizations at large

Reduction of lead time DevOps propagates efficiency and reduces the lead time for product delivery

Reduction in failure of A stable environment facilitates stable product building. With the amalgamation of development and operations,
product & its releases processes are streamlined and product releases happen at shorter timelines

DevOps is about collaboration. Different teams such as development, operations, quality assurance, testing and
Collaboration
support coming together and work cohesively and deliver products in a shorter time span than traditional systems

Scalability Automation helps you manage large infrastructure efficiently and devops adoption helps companies scale faster

As a culture, devops strives for stability and fault proof products. DevOps creates efficient processes that eliminate
Reliability
errors and time loss

Optimum utilization of Implementing a devops culture means a thorough study of end to end lifecycle and removing bottlenecks if any.
cost and resources The primary goal is to offer customer value and continuously eliminate wastage

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

3.1.3 Principles Governing DevOps

DEV OPS
Globally organizations, independent
bodies and front runners have Application Performance Application Availability
observed different views and Modern developers use APM tools to The applications need to be up and
decrease latency, have complete running and it’s Ops responsibility to
attributed various aspects as the visibility into code, databases, caches, ensure uptime and SLAs are in order.
queues, and third-party services.
principles
Application Performance
DASA, the DevOps Agile Skills End User Analytics Classic Ops generally rely on infrastructure
A great developer understands end users metrics – CPU, memory, network and disk
Association, Microsoft, Accenture have the best feedback and analytics play I/O, etc. Modem Ops correlate all of those
an enormous part of understanding users. metrics with application metrics to solve
and other forerunners define Developers are constantly monitoring end problems 10x faster
user latency and checking performance by
DevOps based on principles such devices and browsers. End User Complaints
as agile, customer-centric action, ! The goal is to know about and fix problems
creating product with end in mind, Quality Code before end users complain, reduce the
Developers need to ensure their number of support tickets, and eliminate
performance orientation, teamwork, deployments and new releases don’t false alerts.
implode or degrade the overall
end to end responsibility, cross- performance
Performance Analytics
functional teams, continuous Automatically generated baselines of all
Code-Level Errors metrics help Ops understand what has
improvement and automation changed and where to focus their
When you have a large distributed
among many others application its is vital to lower MTTR by troubleshooting efforts. Alerts based upon
finding the root cause of errors and deviation from observed baselines
exceptions. improved alert quality and reduce alert
noise.

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

4. CAMS Model – Gene Kim

Gene Kim, the founder of the phoenix project, coined the CAMS model.
CAMS is an acronym that embodies the core principles governing the devops,
⇥ Culture
⇥ Automation
⇥ Measurement
⇥ Sharing

C A M S

Culture Automation Measurement Sharing

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

4.1 Components of the CAMS Model

C A M S

Culture Automation Measurement Sharing

⇥ DevOps is an amalgamation of ⇥ Automation is one of the primary ⇥ The primary goal of devops is to ⇥ Collaboration forms that
development and operations aspects that govern devops. ensure that there is a more stable backbone of DevOps and a
teams, bringing about an Organizations focus on increasing environment, tangible decrease in critical factor that determines the
environment that fastens the efficiency leading to higher errors and reduction in delivery successful adaptation of devops.
collaboration, innovation, productivity. This is one of the time. In building a devops culture
teamwork and productivity. predominant reasons to adopt organizations should create an
⇥ The key performance indicators for
devops. environment to share tools,
⇥ Breaking away from traditional every organization varies and need
practices which operated in ⇥ Automation is relooking at the processes, techniques that can
to defined by stakeholders as per
silos and decentralizing the entire lifecycle of product be deployed across that the
their needs. These metrics need to
organization.
organization that facilitates development, automating the be tracked and compared to the
active information sharing is the processes that form the bottleneck performance prior to automation. ⇥ By knowledge sharing
success of devops of processes deterring timely organization eliminate
⇥ Metrics should be tracked on a
delivery. Automation leads to bottlenecks avoid duplication of
constant basis after automation to
more stale products, eliminates work and facilitates continuous
eliminate any waste that may
manual error, offers consistency learning and experimentation
occur.
and scalability. across teams.
Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

4.2 Activity

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

What did you Grasp?

1. Which of the following is not a DevOps principle?

A) Culture
B) Automation
C) Processes
D) None of the above

2. Disconnect between development and operations team can occur

due to
A) Disintegrated processes
B) Closed feedback loops
C) Lack of collaboration
D) Unanimity in usage of tools

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

5. DevOps and Agile

DevOps and agile are embedded with the
same values and principles.
⇥ They increase the efficiency of the product
delivery
⇥ They propagate collaboration
⇥ They offer structured processes embracing
different functions within an organization
⇥ They help companies in staying relevant

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

5.1 Agile Methodology

The four values as per the Agile Manifesto are

Individuals and interactions

Working software

Customer collaboration

Responding to change

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

5.2 Comparison between DevOps and Traditional IT Cultures

Dimension DevOps Culture Traditional IT Culture

Batch Size Micro Big

Organization Dedicated cells Skill-centric silos

Scheduling Decentralized and Continuous Centralized

Release Uneventful High risk event

Information Actionable Disseminated

Culture Fail early Do not fail

Metric Cost, Capacity and Flow Cost and Capacity

Define “Done” “It’s ready to deploy” “I did my job”

Source: IBM

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 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

5.3 Why to Build a Business Case for DevOps

Here are the 10 reasons to build a business case for Devops
1 Collaboration

2 Improved speed to market

3 No silos, no waste

4 Encouraging innovation and creativity

5 Effective utilization of resources and reduction in cost

6 Increased employee engagement and job satisfaction

7 Continuous integration and delivery

8 Fewer Failures

9 Increased Performance

10 Stability

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

What did you grasp?

1. The following is not a value of Agile software methodology?

A) Interaction & individuals
B) Collaboration
C) Sequential development approach
D) Quicker response time

2. The communication channels in agile and devops teams have to

be linear and follow a sequential order.
A) True
B) False

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

What did you grasp?

3. Agile and devops methodologies can be successful only if,

_________ exists
A) Open collaboration
B) Disintegration
C) Different processes
D) Tools & technologies

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 Module 3: Definition of DevOps

In a Nutshell, we learnt:

1. Traditional IT systems, its pitfalls and how this

led to the emergence of DevOps philosophy
2. Jene Kim’s CAMS model and the important
principles that govern DevOps
3. The Agile methods, its values and 12
principles as per the agile manifesto
4. The similarities between agile and devops
methodology

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.
 End of Module
Next Module 4: Purpose of DevOps

Copyright © 2018, Xebia Group. All rights reserved. This course B.TECH CSE with Specialization in DevOps is licensed to UPES.