Part-1

History
Ancient History
4. When were the caves of Bhimbetka discovered?
1. Stone Age (a) 1955-56 (b) 1957-58
(c) 1954-55 (d) 1953-54
1. Which of the following is the correct RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
chronological sequence of pre-historic period of Ans. (b) : See the explanation of above question.
human activities and civilization? 5. Bhimbetka caves are located in ____.
(a) Palaeolithic Period, Mesolithic Period, (a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Madhya Pradesh
Neolithic Period (c) Andhra Pradesh (d) Himachal Pradesh
(b) Metal Age Period, Mesolithic Period, RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Palaeolithic Period Ans. (b) : See the explanation of above question.
(c) Neolithic Period, Mesolithic Period, 6. Rock shelters of Bhimbetka is famous for
Palaeolithic Period which of the following?
(d) Mesolithic Period, Neolithic Period, (a) Traces of paintings during the Maurya
Palaeolithic Period dynasty
RRB NTPC 11.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (b) Traces of sculpture of the Mughals
Ans. (a) : The Pre Historic Period (Stone Age) of (c) Traces of the early Dravidian period
human activities and Civilization is divided into three (d) Traces of the earliest signs of Human life on
periods: Paleolithic (or Old Stone Age), Mesolithic (or the Indian subcontinent
Middle Stone Age), and Neolithic (or New Stone Age),
RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
this era is marked by the use of tools by our early
human ancestors (who evolved around 250,000 B.C.) Ans. (d) : The Bhimbetka rock shelters are an
and eventually transformed from a culture of hunting archaeological site in Central India that spans the
and gathering to farm and food production. During this Prehistoric Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods, as well
era, early humans shared the planet with a number of as the historic period. It is located in the foothills of
now-extinct hominin relatives, including Neanderthals the Vindhyan Mountains (Madhya Pradesh) on the
and Denisovans. So the correct option is (a). southern edge of the Central Indian plateau. It is a
2. Which of the following does not come under the magnificent repository of rock paintings within natural
three major periods of the Stone Age? rock shelters. It exhibits the earliest traces of human
(a) Paleolithic (b) Neolithic life on the Indian subcontinent and evidence of Stone
(c) Copper stone (d) Mesolithic Age. The rock shelters of Bhimbetka were declared a
RRB NTPC 12.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist World Heritage Site in 2003.
Ans. (c) : See the explanation of above question. 7. Bhimbetka's caves are considered to be ____
3. Where in India, would you find rock painting year old.
dating back to the Stone Age? (a) 1000 years (b) 5000 years
(a) Nalanda (b) Bhimbetka (c) 30,000 years (d) 300 years
(c) Elephanta (d) Bagh Caves RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 12.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) : The caves of Bhimbetkas is considered to be
Ans. (b) : The Bhimbetka rock shelters is located in approximately 30000 years old whereas the painting
Raisen district between Hoshangabad and Bhopal in done on those caves seems to be 12000 years old.
Madhya Pradesh. These caves were found by V.S. 8. What were the first wheels made of?
Wakankar in 1957. It is a UNESCO World Heritage (a) Rubber (b) Glass
Site that consists of seven hills and over 750 rock (c) Wood (d) Iron
shelters which extends over 10 km. RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
9
Ans. (c) : The first invention of the wooden wheel took 13. When did archaeologist B.B. Lal carry out
place around 3500 BC in Mesopotamia (Iraq). This wheel excavations at Hastinapura, situated in Meerut
was made by connecting several wooden planks and was district?
invented during the period of Sumerian civilization. (a) 1962-63 (b) 1951-52
(c) 1957-58 (d) 1949-50
RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
2. Indus Valley Civilization Ans. (b) : In 1951-52, Prof. B.B. Lal carried out
excavations at Hastinapura, situated in Meerut district.
9. Which of the following sites of Indus Valley Interestingly, the excavation at Hastinapura revealed
Civilization is located in Punjab (India)? that around 800 B.C. a heavy flood in the Ganga
(a) Kot Diji (b) Banawali destroyed a considerable portion of polished grey ware
(c) Balu (d) Ropar settlement.
RRB NTPC (Stage-II) –12/06/2022 (Shift-I) 14. The Great Bath found at Mohenjo-daro was a
huge ________.
Ans. (d) : Indus Valley cites Location
(a) Circular tank (b) Cylindrical tank
Kot Diji – Sindh (Pakistan)
(c) Triangular tank (d) Rectangular tank
Banawali – Haryana RRB NTPC 19.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Balu – Haryana Ans. (d) : The Great Bath of Mohenjo-daro is one of the
Ropar – Punjab best-known remarkable structures among the ruins of the
10. During the Indus Valley, period from where ancient Indus Valley Civilization excavated at Mohenjo-
were the shells procured for craft production? daro in Sindh, Pakistan. It is rectangular in shape. R.D
(a) Jaipur (b) Shortughai Banerjee discovered Mohenjodaro in 1922. Here he
found a seal of Pashupati. The seal depicts a seated figure
(c) Nageshwar (d) Ropar
that is possibly Tricephalic (having three heads).
RRB NTPC (Stage-II) –16/06/2022 (Shift-II)
15. The Harappan city was found during the
Ans. (c) : The Harappans procured materials for excavations on the banks of which river around
craft production in various ways: the year 1920-21?
They established settlements such as Nageshwar and (a) Jhelum (b) Vyas
Balakot where shells were available. (c) Chenab (d) Ravi
A blue stone that was apparently very highly valued, RRB NTPC 12.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
and Lothal which was near sources of carnelian from Ans. (d) : Harappan city was excavated by Daya Ram
Bharuch in Gujarat. Sahni in 1921. It is located on the bank of river Ravi in
Steatite was procured from south Rajasthan and north Montgomery district of Punjab (Pakistan). It is the first
Gujarat. site discovered at Indust Valley Civilization. The major
findings of the Harappan city were sandstone statues of
11. Most of the standard Harappan seals were
human anatomy, granaries and bullock carts, great bath,
made of _____ a kind of soft stone that was granary, bronze dancing girl, seal of pashupati, Steatite
square in shape with a 2×2 dimension and was statue of beard man, a piece of woven cotton.
used for commercial purposes.
16. The famous Indus Valley site Mohenjodaro was
(a) Rhodonite (b) Golden rutile first time excavated by the eminent Indian
(c) Steatite (d) Selenite archaeologist:
RRB NTPC (Stage-II) 16/06/2022 (Shift-III) (a) SR Rao (b) BB Lal
Ans. (c) : Most of the standard Harappan seals were (c) RD Banerji (d) Daya Ram Sahni
made of steatite, Steatite is a kind of soft stone that was RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
square in shape with a 2×2 dimension and was used for Ans. (c) : The famous Indus Valley site Mohenjodaro
commercial purpose. (Mound of Dead) was firstly excavated by the eminent
Indian archeologist R.D Banerjee in 1922. The site is
12. Which of the following construction material
situated on the Bank of river Indus in Larkana district of
was used in Harappan civilisation?
Punjab (Pakistan).
(a) Clay (b) Red sandstone
17. The first site discovered at the Indus Valley
(c) Burnt brick (d) Sun dried Civilisation is:
RPF SI 18.01.2019 (Shift - III) (a) Mohenjo-Daro (b) Harappa
Ans. (c) : Burnt brick, construction material was used in (c) Lothal (d) Kalibangan
Harappan civilisation, which were made in molds of RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
4:2:1 ratios. Ans. (b) : See the explanation of above question.
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18. Which town of the Indus Valley Civilisation 24. Which out of these is the Harappan site
literally means 'mound of the dead'? discovered in Gujarat?
(a) Mesopotamia (b) Mohenjo-daro (a) Balathal (b) Khandia
(c) Balakot (d) Harappa (c) Dholaveera (d) Manda
RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 05.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) : The name Mohenjo-daro is reputed to signify Ans. (c) : Recently the Harappan site Dholavira has
“the mound of the dead.” The archaeological importance been included in UNESCO's World Heritage Site in
of the site was first recognized in 1922, one year after the August 2021. It is situated at Rann of Kutch in Gujarat.
discovery of Harappa. Subsequent excavations revealed It’s the 4th site from Gujarat and 40th from India to
that the mounds contain the remains of what was once the appear in such list. It was discovered in 1967-1968 by
largest city of the Indus Civilization. It is in Sindh an archaeologist Jagat Pati Joshi.
province of Pakistan. 25. Which of the following sites is NOT a part of
19. The meaning of the name 'Mohenjodaro' in the Indus Valley Civilization?
______is mound of dead - (a) Mohanjo-Daro (b) Harappa
(a) Persian (b) Urdu (c) Lothal (d) Uruk
(c) Hindi (d) Sindhi RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (d): The major sites of the Indus Valley
Ans. (d) : See the explanation of above question. Civilization were Mohanjodaro, Kalibanga, Harappa,
20. What is the meaning of 'Mohenjodaro'? Dholavira, Lothal and Rakhigarhi, while Uruk was a
(a) Living place (b) Market place city of Sumerian Civilization. The early site of the Indus
(c) Mound of dead (d) like country Civilization or Harappa was centered around the Indus
RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist River. Hence it was called Indus Valley Civilization.
Ans. (c) : See the explanation of above question. 26. Which of the following Indus Civilisation sites
has evidence of water reservoirs?
21. Mohenjodaro is situated in:
(a) Kalibangan (b) Dholavira
(a) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (b) Punjab
(c) Kot diji (d) Lothal
(c) Balochistan (d) Sindh
RRB NTPC 01.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b): Dholavira is an important Indus Civilization
Ans. (d) : See the explanation of above question.
site located in Kutch region in Gujarat. It is renowned
22. Which city from the Harappan Civilization was for its water management system, with a great network
almost exclusively devoted to craft production of stone cut reservoirs and canals which was vital in this
including bead making, shell cutting, metal rainfall deficient region.
working, seal making and weight making?
27. Dhaulavira, an archaeological place is
(a) Mohenjo Daro (b) Nageshwar
associated with period?
(c) Harappa (d) Chanhudaro
(a) Gupta Period (b) Magadha Period
RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Indus Valley (d) Chalukya Period
Ans. (d) : Chanhudaro is an archaeological site RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
belonging to the Indus Valley Civilization. This site is
located 130 km south of Mohenjodaro in Sindh, Ans. (c): See the explanation of the above.
Pakistan. It was first excavated by N.G. Majumdar in 28. In which state is the archaeological site of
March 1931. It was a settlement exclusively devoted to Surkotada situated?
craft production including bead making, shell cutting, (a) Rajasthan (b) Punjab
metal working etc. It is the only site of Indus valley (c) Bihar (d) Gujarat
Civilisation from where curved bricks have been found. RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
23. In which of the following locations was Ans. (d): Surkotada is an archaeological site which
'Nataraja', a stone male dancing figure belongs to the Indus Valley Civilization. It is located in
discovered? Kutch district of Gujarat. It was discovered by J.P.
(a) Lothal (b) Rangpur Joshi in 1964. The evidence of Horse bone have been
(c) Harappa (d) Mohenjo-daro found from here.
RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 29. In which year did a team of German and
Ans. (c) : The male dancer's torso was obtained from Italian archaeologists begin surface
Harappa is made of 'lime stone'. He is standing on the explorations at Mohenjodaro?
right leg and the left leg is crossed in a dancing posture. (a) 1955 (b) 1970
This idol is considered to represent the original form of (c) 1980 (d) 1990
'Nataraja'. Its height is 7-8 inches. RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
11
Ans. (c) : In the year 1980, the German and Italian such as Nageshwar and Balakot in areas where shell was
archaeologists started surface exploration of available. Other such sites were Shortughai, in far-off
Mohenjodaro. In 1986 explorations at Harappa was Afghanistan, near the best source of lapis lazuli, a blue
made by American group and RS Bisht in 1990, started stone that was apparently very highly valued, and Lothal
the Dholavira explorations. which was near sources of Carnelian (from Bharuch in
30. Which one of the following animals was Gujarat), steatite (from south Rajasthan and north
frequently seen on the seals of the Harrapan Gujarat) and metal (from Rajasthan).
Civilisation? 33. Indus Valley Civilization is________years old
(a) Bull (b) Lion and extends to the lower part of the Gangetic
(c) Fox (d) Deer valley in South and till Malwa in North.
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) 1000 B.C. (b) 5000 B.C.
(c) 3000 B.C. (d) 8000 B.C.
Ans. (a) : The seals of the Harappan Civilization were
rectangular, circular or cylindrical and square in shape. RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Animals like elephant, rhinoceros and bulls were Ans. (c): The Indus Valley Civilization chronology are
featured on the seals. as follows -
• Remarkably Harappan seals were found in the cities • According to NCERT between 2600 BC–1900BC
of ‘Umma’ and ‘Ur’ of Central Asia and • The mature Harappan culture existed roughly
Mesopotamia on the coast of Arabian Peninsula,
between 2550 BCE and 1900 BCE.
indicating trade with Central Asia.
31. In 1944, who took over as the Director-General
• The common date of Indus Valley Civilization has
of the Archaeological Survey of India and been assumed from 2500 BCE to 1750 BCE
undertook the excavations of Harappa? through analysis - methods like Radiocarbon C14.
(a) Daya Ram Sahni (b) Jhon Marshal • Some historians consider the date of Indus Valley
(c) Rakhal Das Banerji (d) REM Wheeler Civilization from 3250 BC to 2750 BC.
RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Considering the appropriate interpretation, the closest
Ans. (d) : In 1944, a British archaeologist and army option C can be considered correct.
officer, Mortimer Wheeler took over as the Director- 34. Which civilization has developed from 5000
General of Archaeological sunvey of India. Wheeler BCE towards the south of Malwa and north to
served as Director General till 1948 and during this the entire foothills of the Ganges Valley?
period he excavated the Iron Age site of Arikamedu and (a) Indus Valley Civilization
the Stone age sites of Brahmagiri, Chandravalli, Maski (b) Aryan Empire
in South India and undertook the excavations and at (c) Mauryan Empire
Harappa and Mohenjodaro. The Archaeological Survey (d) Magadh Empire
of India (ASI) is a Government of India's organization RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II)
responsible for archaeological research, conservation
Ans. (a): Indus Valley Civilization has developed from
and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the
5000 BCE towards the south of Malwa and north to the
country. It was founded during British period in 1861
entire foothills of the Ganges Valley.
by Sir Alexander Cunningham who also became its first
Director-General. Cunningham retired in 1885 and was 35. The Harppan civilization flourished around
succeeded by James Burgess as next Director-General. 2500 BC. What do we call them today?
Alexander Cunningham is considered as the Father of (a) Pakistan and Afghanistan
Indian Archaeology. (b) West India and Pakistan
32. Which of the following Harappan site is NOT (c) Afghanistan and West India
associated with craft production? (d) India and China
(a) Balakot (b) Manda RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
(c) Chanhudaro (d) Nageshwar Ans. (b): The Harappan civilization developed around
RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 2500 BC. This civilization extends into Western India
and Pakistan.
Ans. (b) : Manda is a Harrapan site which is not
associated with craft production. Whereas Chanhudaro 36. The history of India begins with the birth of
was exclusively devoted to craft production, including the Indus Valley Civilization which came into
bead-making, shell-cutting, metal-working, seal-making, existence almost _____.
and weight-making. Specialized drills have been found at (a) 2500 BC (b) 4500 BC
Chanhudaro, Lothal, and more recently at Dholavira.The (c) 1500 BC (d) 6500 BC
Harappans procured materials for craft production in RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II)
various ways. For instance, they established settlements Ans. (a): See the explanation of above question.
12
37. What was the most important feature of the 42. The people of Indus Valley Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization? worshiped _____.
(a) Exchange system (a) Hanuman (b) Kali
(b) Local Transport system (c) Ayyappa (d) Pashupati
(c) Buildings made of bricks RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I)
(d) Administrative System Ans. (d): The people of the Indus Valley Civilization
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist worshiped the three-faced deity Pashupati.
Ans. (c): The most important feature of Indus Valley
Civilization was the buildings made of bricks. It is
prominent among the world's ancient river valley
3. Vedic Civilization
civilization. Brick was used in all Harappan
settlements/buildings. Bricks of this period were in a 43. Which Veda has the maximum number of
certain ratio which was generally 4:2:1. verses?
38. Indus Valley civilization? (a) Atharvaveda (b) Rigveda
(a) Copper age civilization (c) Samveda (d) Yajurveda
(b) Iron age civilization RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III)
(c) Axis era civilization RRB Group-D– 02/09/2022 (Shift-II)
(d) Bronze age civilization Ans. (b) : Rigveda is regarded as one of the most
RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage Ist earliest and sacred text of Hinduism. The Rigveda is
Ans. (d): The Indus Valley Civilization is also called divided into ten parts (Books) which are known as
the Bronze age civilization. The first metal used in the 'Mandalas'. It is a collection of around 10,600 verses
this civilization was a mixture of copper and tin. 1400 (maximum in the four Vedas) and 1,028 hymns. It is the
centers of Indus Valley Civilization have been oldest text in any Indo-European language. It is the
discovered, out of which 925 centers are in India. This oldest and biggest among all the four Vedas.
Civilization was widespread around Indus River and its 44. Which is the oldest of the four Vedas?
tributaries. (a) Samaveda (b) Atharvaveda
39. The people of the Indus Valley Civilization (c) Yajurveda (d) Rigveda
mixed copper and tin to make --------. RRB NTPC 30.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(a) Mirror (b) Bronze RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I)
(c) Iron (d) Gold Ans. (d) : See the explanation of above question.
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-III) 45. There are _____ Mantras in the Rigveda which
Ans. (b): See the explanation of above question. include the unproven Valkhilya hymns-
(a) 1549 (b) 1028
40. Which of the following is not an important
(c) 760 (d) 1875
place of Indus Valley Civilization?
RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III)
(a) Kalibanga (b) Harappa
(c) Mohenjodaro (d) Ajamgarh Ans. (b):See the explanation of above question.
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) 46. The Rig Veda consists of 1028 hymns,
organized into ten books known as ………. .
Ans. (d): Azamgarh is not a site of Indus Valley
(a) Mandalas (b) Anudatta
Civilization. Indus Valley Civilization or Saindhav
(c) Suktas (d) Padapatha
Civilization was an urban Civilization. The major sites
of Indus Valley Civilization are - Mohenjodaro, RRB NTPC (Stage-II) –13/06/2022 (Shift-I)
Harappa, Lothal, Banawali, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi and Ans. (a) : See the explanation of above question.
Kalibanga 47. Which among the following is the oldest and
41. The People of Harappa did not worship which biggest amongst all the four Vedas?
of the following Gods? (a) Rig Veda (b) Yajur Veda
(a) Shiv (b) Vishnu (c) Samaveda (d) Atharva Veda
(c) Pigeon (d) Swastika RRB Group-D– 16/09/2022 (Shift-II)
RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (a) : See the explanation of above question.
Ans. (b):The people of the Harappan civilization did not 48. Which Veda is the largest and considered the
worship Lord Vishnu. A stamp of a Swastika and most important of the collection, containing
Trimukhi man is shown sitting in a yoga posture on the 1,028 hymns divided into 10 books called
throne which is considered to be the original form of mandalas?
Lord Shiva. On its right there is the marking of elephant (a) Yajur Veda (b) Rig Veda
and tiger and on the left side the rhinoceros and buffalo. (c) Atharva Veda (d) Sama Veda
The people of the Harappan civilization considered the RRB Group-D– 18/09/2022 (Shift-II)
earth as the goddess of fertility and worshiped it. Ans. (b) : See the explanation of above question.
13
49. Rigveda consists of a collection of : 54. What does the term 'Upa' in the term
(a) 1028 hymns (b) 4028 hymns Upanishad denote?
(c) 2028 hymns (d) 3028 hymns (a) Nearness (b) Totality
RRB Group-D– 13/09/2022 (Shift-II) (c) Secret (d) Happiness
RRB Group-D– 17/08/2022 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) : See the explanation of above question.
Ans. (a) : See the explanation of above question.
50. Which Vedic God falls under the category of
‘Prithvisthana’ (Terrestrial God)? 55. Which of the following Veda is also called the
"Book of Song," "Veda of Chants" or even
(a) Vishnu (b) Brihaspati
"Yoga of Song" ?
(c) Varuna (d) Indra (a) Sama Veda (b) Yajur Veda
RRB Group-D– 18/09/2022 (Shift-III)r (c) Atharva Veda (d) Rig Veda
Ans.(b) : The Vedic Gods were classified under RRB Group-D– 08/09/2022 (Shift-I)
terrestrial (Prithvisthana), atmospheric Ans.(a) : Sama veda is also called the Book of Song,
(Antarikshasthana), and Celestial (Dyusthana) Veda of Chants or even Yoga of Songs.
Prithvi, Agni, Soma, Brihaspati and rivers belongs to 56. Which of the following scriptures is NOT a
Prithvisthana part of Vedic literature?
Indra, Rudra, Vayu, Vata, Prujanaya belongs to (a) Upanishads (b) Aranyakas
Antarikshasthana. (c) Pitakas (d) Brahmanas
Surya, Pushan, Vishnu, Mitra, Adityas, Ushas and RRB Group-D 24-08-2022 (Shift-I)
Asvins belongs to dyusthana (Celestial). Ans. (c) : Pitakas are NOT a part of Vedic literature.
51. Which of the following Vedas is a 'Book of Pitakas are related to Buddhism.
rituals?' The three pitakas are -
(a) The Atharvaveda (b) The Samaveda (1) Sutta Pitaka (2) Vinaya Pitaka
(c) The Yajurveda (d) The Rigveda (3) Abhidhamma Pitaka
RRB Group-D– 02/09/2022 (Shift-I) While Upanishads, Aranyakas and Brahamans are a part
Ans. (c) : The Yajurveda is known as 'Veda of of Vedic Literature.
Sacrificial formulas' and contains prose formulas 57. Tha Aitareya Upanishad belongs to fourth,
applicable to various rites, along with verses intended fifth and sixth chapters of the second book of
for a similar purpose. Aitareya Aranyaka of the .......... and
considered as the oldest Upanishads.
• The Yajurveda is known as 'Book of rituals'.
(a) Atharva Veda (b) Sama Veda
• The Upveda of the Yajur Veda is the 'Dhanur Veda'. (c) Rig Veda (d) Yajur Veda
52. Which of the four Vedas is known as 'Veda of RRB Group-D 23-08-2022 (Shift-II)
Sacrificial Formulas' and contains prose Ans. (c) : Tha Aitareya Upanishad belongs to fourth,
formulas applicable to various rites, along with fifth and sixth chapters of the second book of Aitareya
verses intended for a similar purpose? Aranyaka of the Rigveda. Rigveda is also a part of
(a) Yajurveda (b) Rigveda Vedtrayi i.e. a group of Rigveda, Samveda and
(c) Samaveda (d) Atharvaveda Yajurveda.
RRB Group-D 29-09-2022 (Shift-III) 58. How many stages of life did early Hindu
Ans. (a) : See the explanation of above question. philosophy determine?
(a) four (b) three
53. Brihadaranyaka, Mundaka and Taittiriya are
(c) five (d) two
some examples of which of the following
RRB Group-D 30-08-2022 (Shift-III)
categories of religious texts ?
Ans. (a) : Early Hindu philosophy determined four
(a) Upanishads (b) Jataka Stories
stages of life, that is Brahmacharya (the Student stage),
(c) Puranas (d) Epics Grihastha (the Householder), Vanaprastha (the recluse
RRB Group-D– 06/10/2022 (Shift-II) stage), and the free man Sanyas wandering Ascetic
Ans. (a) : Brihadaranyaka, Mundaka and Taittiriya are stage.
some examples of Upanishads religious texts. The word 59. Which of the following is Hinduism's major
'Upanishad' has been derived from the root sad (word) philosophical school?
(to sit), to which are added two prefixes : Upa and Ni. (a) Sanyasa (b) Moksha
The prefix upa denotes nearness and 'Ni' totality. Thus, (c) Artha (d) Vaisheshika
this world means 'sitting nearby devotedly'. RRB Group-D 30-08-2022 (Shift-II)
14
Ans. (d) : The six major philosophical schools of 64. In ancient times, a person was weighed against
Hinduism are Nyaya, Sankhya, Yoga, Vaisheshika, a commodity and the equivalent weight of that
Purva Mimamsa and Uttara Mimamsa (Vedanta commodity was offered as donation. What was
Philosophy). this practice called?
(a) Thimithi (b) Pulikali
60. Yajur Veda deals with………..
(c) Tulabhara (d) Jallikattu
(a) the rituals of the Yagna
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(b) spells and charms
Ans. (c) : Tulabhara also known as Tula-Purusha or
(c) melodies Tuladana, is an ancient Hindu practice in which a
(d) the Gaytri Mantra person is weighed against a commodity and the
RRB Group-D 17-09-2022 (Shift-III) equivalent weight of that commodity is offered as
Ans. (a) : There are four Vedas: Rig Veda, Sama Veda, donation.
Yajur Veda, Atharva Veda. 65. The Vedic time period in India lasted from?
Rig veda is a collection of hymns dedicated to various (a) 1500 to 500 BC (b) 336 to 323 BC
deities (c) 3000 to 2600 BC (d) 550 to 323 BC
The Sam Veda deals with melodies se chants RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
The Yajur Veda contains the rituals of yagna’s Ans. (a) : The age of the Vedic Civilization was between
The Atharva Veda contains magic spells. 1500 BC and 500 BC. This is the next major Civilization
after the Indus Valley Civilization till 1400 BC.
61. Which one of the following limbs of Vedas is
66. Dhanurveda is the upveda of the Yajurveda. It
known for the explanation and meaning of
deals with :
complex words?
(a) medicine (b) architecture
(a) Kalpa (b) Chhanda (c) art and music (d) art of warfare
(c) Vyakaran (d) Nirukta RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 23.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (d) : Dhanurveda is the Upaveda of the Yajurveda
Ans. (d) : Vedangas are the organ/part of veda. These and deals with archery. It is a Sanskrit treatise on
are 6 in numbers – Shiksha, Chhanda, Vyakarna, warfare and archery, traditionally regarded as an upveda
Nirukta, Jyotisha and Kalpa. attached to Yajurveda (1100-800 BCE) and attributed
Nirukta is much famous for its description of complex either to Bhrigu or Vishvamitra or Bharadwaja.
words. It was composed by Yaska who recognized it as 67. In which of the following Vedas the knowledge
the complementary of Vyakarna. The tough words related to music is stored ?
which were out of reach of Vyakarna are well described (a) Rigveda (b) Atharvaveda
in Nirukta. (c) Samaveda (d) Yajurveda
62. From where have the words 'Satyameva RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Jayate' which are inscribed below the National Ans. (c) : Samaveda mentions about music. It is also
Emblem of India, been taken? called the book of melodies. There are foru Upveda
(a) Mundaka Upanishads (b) Jataka tales named Gandharveda, Ayurveda, Dhanurveda and
(c) Puranas (d) Bhagwad Gita Arthshastra. One of the four upavedas, Gandharva Veda
deals with music, dance, poetry etc and is associated
RRB NTPC 02.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
with Samaveda.
Ans. (a) : The national motto of India, 'Satyameva
68. Which of the following vedas describes music?
Jayate' inscribed below the Emblem of India is taken
(a) Samaveda (b) Yajurveda
from Mundaka Upanishad. The motto means "Truth
(c) Rigveda (d) Atharvaveda
alone triumphs". It is written in Devanagari script. It is
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I)
taken from Ashokan pillar (Sarnath) built by Emperor
Ashoka. Ans. (a) :See the explanation of above question.
69. Mundaka Upanishad belongs to the:
63. The national motto of India is Satymeva Jayate
(a) Sam Veda (b) Atharva Veda
(meaning Truth always Triumphs). Which
(c) Yajur Veda (d) Rig Veda
ancient Indian Scripture is a mantra
emanating from? RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(a) Rigveda (b) Mundakopanishad Ans. (b) : The Mundaka Uphishad, belongs to the
Atharva Veda, is an ancient Sanskrit text and is listed as
(c) Bhagwat Gita (d) Matsya Purana
no. 5 in Muktika Canon of 108 Upanishads of Hinduism.
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist It is of much significance as the National motto of India
Ans. (b):See the explanation of above question. "Satyamev Jayate" has been taken from it.

15
70. The Vedas are considered the earliest literary Ans. (a) : The Upanishads are the basic source of all
record of Indo-Aryan civilization. There are Indian Philosophy. They are also called as Vedanta. 108
four Vedas: Rigveda, Samaveda, Yajurveda Upanishads are mentioned in Muktika Upanishad in Indian
and the fourth one is ______. history but only 11 Upanishads are considered authentic of
(a) Atharvaveda (b) Dhanurveda which the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is the largest,
(c) Ayurveda (d) Shilpaveda Mundakopanishad is the smallest (12 verse) and
Chandogya Upanishad is the oldest.
RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
76. The oldest upanishad is ____.
Ans. (a) : The Vedas are considered the earliest literary
(a) Isha Upanishad
record of Indo-Aryan Civilization, which was compiled by
(b) Mandukya Upanishad
Maharishi Krishna Dvaipayana. They give information
about the vedic religion and provide a detail account of the (c) Ken Upanishad
people of that time. These are of four in numbers namely- (d) Chandogya Upanishad
Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda and Atharvaveda. RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d): See the explanation of above question.
71. Which of the following vedas tells about
magical rituals and captivations? 77. According to the real Indian philosopher, each
(a) Atharvaveda (b) Somaveda object is made up of basic elements.
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) Rigveda (d) Yajurveda
(c) 3 (d) 5
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (a) : Atharvaveda is also called Brahma Veda.
Ans. (d): Panchabhoota (Panchatatva or Panch
This veda is named after the name of Atharva Rishi. It
Mahabhoota) is considered as the origin of all substances
has 20 chapters 731 suktas and 6000 mantras. It in Indian Philosophy. These five elements are considered
describes mantras related to vashikaran, magical to be the great powers of sky, air, fire water and earth by
charms, ghosts and medicines. The earliest mention of whose creation every substance is made of. But the
Kashi is found in the Atharvaveda. materials made from these are rooted, they need a soul to
72. What is the meaning of yajur in yajurveda? become alive. The soul is called Purusha in Vedic
(a) Life (b) Nature literature. In Sankhya Philosophy, nature is believed to be
(c) Sacrifice (d) True composed of these five elements.
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd 78. Kathopanishad records a conversation between
Ans. (c):Yajurveda is made of two different word 'Yajus' a teenager named Nachiketa and the deity.
and 'Veda'. Yajus here means worship, sacrifice, religious Which of the following god is speaking to
reverence etc. Yajurveda is written in both prose and Nachiketa?
poetry form. (a) Lord Ganesha (b) Lord Shiva
(c) Lord Yam (d) Lord Karthikeya
73. In which of the following vedas, treatment of
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II)
diseases is given?
(a) Yajur (b) Rig Ans. (c):In Kathopanishad, there is conversation
between Nachiketa and the deity Yama. It is a
(c) Sam (d) Atharva
Upanishad of the Krishna Yajurveda branch. The author
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-I) Stage IInd of the this Upanishad is Acharya named 'Katha'.
Ans. (d): The Atharvaveda describes the treatment of
diseases. It was composed by the sage Atharva.
74. In which of he following upanishads is the 4. Mahajanpada Period
word Vasudhaivakutumbakam mentioned?
(a) Maha Upanishad 79. Which of the following was the capital of
(b) Chhandogya Upanishad Magadh for several years before it was shifted
(c) Brihadaranyaka Upanishad to Pataliputra?
(d) Kenopanishad (a) Patna (b) Nalanda
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Rajagriha (d) Gaya
RRB NTPC (Stage-II) 15/06/2022 (Shift-II)
Ans.(a) The word Vasudhaivakutmbakam is mentioned
in the Maha Upanishad. It means 'The world is a Ans. (c) : Capital of Magadh, before Pataliputra was
family'. Rajagriha (Rajgir).
Ajatashatru's son had moved his capital from Rajgriha
75. _____upanishads are considered to be the main to Pataliputra and this status was maintained during the
(a) 108, 11 (b) 116, 22 reign of the Mauryas and the Guptas.
(c) 100, 12 (d) 99, 10 Ajatashatru was the son of Bimbisara and contemporary
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II) of both Mahavira and Gautama Buddha.
16
80. Which of the following was the capital of the Ans. (a): In the 6th century BC, India was divided into
kingdom of Magadh? 16 Mahajanpadas. In ancient times 'Awadh' was known
(a) Vaishali (b) Rajgir as 'Kosala', presently this region is located in Faizabad
(c) Ujjain (d) Kaushambi district of Uttar Pradesh.
RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) :
Kingdom/Mahajanpada Capital
5. Jainism
Magadha Rajgriha
85. Out of the five constraints in life that the Jains
Avanti Ujjain
need to follow, which of the following means
Vajji Vaishali
non-acquisition?
Vatsa Kaushambi
(a) Aparigraha (b) Brahmacharya
81. Udayin shifted the capital of Magadha from (c) Asteya (d) Ahimsa
_____ to Patliputra.
RRB Group-D– 15/09/2022 (Shift-II)
(a) Taxila (b) Kaushambi
Ans. (a) : Aparigraha is the Jainism principle of non-
(c) Sarnath (d) Rajgir
possessiveness that focuses on creating balance between
RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist desires and needs and detachment from your own
Ans. (d) : Udayin (460-444 BC) murdered his father possessions. Out of the five constraints in life that the
and became the ruler of Magadha. He laid the Jains need to follow, in which Aparigraha means non-
foundation of the city of Patliputra at the confluence of acquisition. This is on of the main virtues of Jainism.
two rivers, the Son and the Ganga. He shifted his capital
86. In Jainism, the word 'Jain' is derived from the
from Rajgriha to Pataliputra due to the latter's central
Sanskrit word 'Jina', which means ______,
location in the Empire.
implying one who has transcended all human
82. In the highest period of Aryan culture, the passions.
districts of the Ganges valley, which were (a) conqueror (b) immortal
______ in number.
(c) vigour (d) candour
(a) 16 (b) 14
RRB Group-D– 17/08/2022 (Shift-I)
(c) 15 (d) 18
Ans. (a) : In Jainism, the word 'Jain' is derived from the
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Sanskrit word ' Jina', which means conqueror, here the
Ans. (a) : In Sixth century BCE 16 Mahajanpadas sense is that a person who has transcended all human
emerged. These 16 Mahajanapadas were the 16 districts passions.
of the Ganga valley in the pre-Aryan culture period.
The mention of these 16 Mahajanapadas is found in the 87. Where was Swami Mahavir born?
Buddhist Scriptures Anguttara Nikaya and the Jain text (a) Pavapuri (b) Pataliputra
Bhagavati Sutta. Among these 16 Mahajanapadas, (c) Kundagram (d) Lumbini
Magadha (Girivraja), Vatsa (Kaushambi), Kosala RRB Group-D– 26/09/2022 (Shift-II)
(Shravasti) and Avanti (Ujjain) were the most famous. Ans.(c) : Swami Mahavir, the 24th Tirthankara
The state or administrative units in ancient India were (supreme preacher) of Jainism was born in 540 BC at
called Mahajanapadas. Kundagram near Vaishali. He died at the age of 72 in
83. Bimbisara was the ruler of– 468 BC at Pavapuri near Rajagriha. Lumbini is the
(a) Magadha (b) Mathura birthplace of Gautama Buddha which is now located in
(c) Gandhara (d) Taxila Nepal. Pataliputra, modern day Patna, was a city in
RRB JE CBT-II 31.08.2019 IInd Shift Ancient India.
Ans. (a): Magadha's rise to political supremacy began 88. Where was Swami Mahavir born?
with Bimbisara, who belonged to the Haryanka dynasty, (a) Pataliputra (b) Lumbini
and ruled for 52 years from 544 to 492 BCE Bimbisara (c) Kundagram (d) Pavapuri
was the contemporary of both Mahavira & Buddha, and RRB Group-D– 26/08/2022 (Shift-II)
paid equal respect to them. He was succeeded on the Ans.(b) : See the explanation of above question.
throne by his son Ajatshatru, who murdered his father to 89. In the universal prayer of Jains, Navakara
obtain power. Mantra, what is the literal meaning of 'Namo
84. By what name was 'Awadh' known in ancient Arihantanam'?
times? (a) I bow to all spiritual masters or divine
(a) Kosala (b) Kapilavastu teachers.
(c) Kaushambi (d) Kashi (b) I bow down to all souls who have escaped all
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd their gati karmas.
17
 (c) I bow down to all completely liberated souls. Ans. (b) : The teachings of Mahavira and his followers
(d) I bow down to all preceptors. were written down about 1500 years ago in the form in
RRB Group-D– 30/09/2022 (Shift-II) which they are presently available at Vallabhi in
Ans.(a) : Namokar mantra also called as Navkar mantra Gujarat.
is considered the mother of all mantras. It addresses all Mahavira also known as Vardhamana, was the 24th
the divine beings without mentioning the name of any Tirthankar of Jainism, born in the 6th century BCE into
particular holy man. The meaning of Namokar mantra is a royal Kshatriya clan in ancient India.
I bow down to all Arihants or the conquerors of senses.
I bow down to the siddhas or those who attained special 94. The Digambara sect belongs to which of the
powers. I bow down to the devine teachers who preach following religions?
the mankind of lofty truths. (a) Buddhism (b) Islam
90. In Jainism, who is a Tirthankara ? (c) Jainism (d) Sikhism
(a) A saviour and spiritual teacher of the dharma RRB Group-D 25-08-2022 (Shift-I)
who teaches the way to moksha, or liberation. Ans. (c) : The Digambara sect belongs to Jainism
(b) A person who believes in one God and one religion Jains are divided into two major sects; the
spirit and believes in rebirth Digmbara (meaning sky clan) sect and the Svetambara
(c) A person who never believes in God (meaning white clan) sect.
(d) A gr oup of pilgrims. 95. When a Tirthankara leaves a mortal body, it is
RRB Group-D– 06/10/2022 (Shift-I) known as ...............
Ans.(a) : In Jainism a Tirthankar is someone who has (a) Janma Kalyana (b) Tapa Kalyana
attained enlightenment liberation that is termed as (c) Siddhashila (d) Nirvana
‘nirvana’ in jain texts. Also this highest virtue is termed
as “Anantchatustay”. The Jainism has 24 Tirthankaras RRB Group-D 11-10-2022 (Shift-II)
some of them are. Ans. (d) : When a Tirthankara leaves a mortal body it is
Tirthankara Sign known as Nirvana, the final liberation, Moksha. Nirvana
Lord Rishabhadev Ox is a Jain philosophy which is a state of infinite bliss,
Lord Mallinath Jar (kalash) infinite knowledge and infinite perception that a soul
Lord Neminath Conch (shankh) attains when it gets rid of all its karmas.
Lord Parsvanath Snake 96. ……….. is considered as the holy person who
Lord Mahaveera Lion gave Jainism its present form.
91. Who among the following is considered as the (a) Mahavira (b) Vasudev
first Tirthankara of Jainism? (c) Digambar (d) Rishabhanatha
(a) Neminath RRB Group-D 12-09-2022 (Shift-I)
(b) Vardhaman Mahavira Ans. (a) : Mahavira was the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism.
(c) Parshvanath It is considered that the present form of Jainism was
(d) Rishabhanatha given by him.
RRB Group-D– 16/09/2022 (Shift-I)
97. Vardhamana Mahavira was the –––––––
Ans. (d) : Rishabhanatha is considered as the first Tirthankara of Jainism.
Tirthankara of Jainism.
(a) 20th (b) 2nd
Rishabhdev was the first Tirthankara of the Jains. He th
was born to king Nabhi Raja and Queen Marudevi at (c) 24 (d) 5th
Ayodhya in the Ikshvaku clan. In Jaina scriptures and RRB Group-D 14-09-2022 (Shift-I)
texts Rishabhdeva is represented by Ox (Vrishabha). Ans. (c) : Vardhamana Mahavira was the 24th
92. ............... is the first of the 24 Tirthankaras of Tirthankara of Jainism. Bimbisara was the
Jainism. contemporary of Vardhamana Mahavira.
(a) Padmaprabha (b) Sumatinatha Sequence Tirthankara Symbol
(c) Rishabhanatha (d) Sambahavanath 1 st
Risabhanatha Bull
RRB Group-D 07-10-2022 (Shift-II)
2nd Ajitanatha Elephant
Ans. (c) : See the explanation of above question.
23rd Parsvanatha Hooded
93. The teachings of Mahavira and his followers serpent/Snake
were written down about 1500 years ago in the
form in which they are presently available at 24th Mahavira Lion
which place? 98. Word Shwetambara is associated with -------?
(a) Pawapuri in Bihar (b) Vallabhi in Gujarat (a) Sikh religion (b) Jain Religion
(c) Lachhuar in Bihar (d) Vaishali in Bihar (c) Buddhism (d) Jews
RRB Group-D 28-09-2022 (Shift-I) RPF SI 18.01.2019 (Shift - III)
18