Sets Functions Relations

is collection of well defined distinct

Set a

objects
examples A 5,8 9,10
Alcs Maths Law BCR Eco Bck
B

c Atal Bihari ji Manmohan singhji

Narendra ji

D a e i 0,4

11 19
E 2,3 5,7 13,17

living thing can be called as

Any living
i or non

object element
ii Generally various objects of the set are written
in Bracket or Flowered Bracket
curly is
Iii name of the set denoted by
Generally
capital letters
in A
58,9 13 8,9 5

sets A B are same order of objects is not

important
order in which objects are written in curly
bracket is of No relevance
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 e
4 A a b c e i Be a b a e e e a 9,9

B a b c e

Repetition of objects in a set is of No use

of well defined Distinct object

Set is collection

Either Listed or Described

A 1,4 9,16125 36,99 A at where REN

64,81 100 42 10

B
7,12 28,52 B sets where se is
a prime no
less than to

c is a set of Indian
c Indira
Gandhi Female prime ministers
till 2022

D is a set of Indian
D virendar Sehwag crickets who scored Triple
Karun Nair mach
century in a test
at international level till 2022

List Frm Description Form

Roster Form
property Form
Braces Form Set Builder Form
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes Rule form
 Set Builder form Roster form

335711 13,17
is a set of M 31,37 41 43,47 53,59
19,23294
first 2s prime way
61,67 71,73 79,83 89,97
Numbers

N is of Indian
set
Nullset
prime Ministers till 2022N set
from Maharashtra state Empty

Q is a set of Years
in which india won 9 1983,2007 2011
Mens ice cricket
word cop till 2022

R is a set of
R a e i on
vowels in
English
Alphabet
15 20,25
Z is a set of
2
First to multiples of 4510
30,35 40,45 50

natural number s

K is a set of ii n o d re y
K
Letters used in the

name of VINOD REDDY

M is a set of FR SFM Law Audit
Final pg
subjects for CA
23
SCM PE elective papery
NOV exams
DT IDT

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 A 5,13 19,20 28,30
39

are 7 distinct elements in set A

There
which can be written as n A 7

CARDINAL VALUE of set A is 7

Number of Distinct elements of a set is known as

its cardinal value

Oi B 10,13 18,10 13,10 18,20 18,10 13

18,20 103
Find n B

n B 4 13 10,13 18,20

cardinal value of set B is 4

d d d
M a c m a dim C K
lie c a m

Find h M
se
M acid mike
i n M 7 cardinal value of set M is 7

D 1,2 3,4 5,6

Find h D

n D as
Infinity in set D
There are infinite no of observations
D is an infinite set
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 If cardinal value of a set is

Limited
OR unlimited
countable
OR
uncountable
eto one

X X
X X
FINITE NULL SET SINGLETON
INFINITE
OR
SET g set
EMPTY SET

OR
VOID SET

Null set Singleton set are also finite sets

Null set is denoted

by I

100 B 5,7 13,200,8133

7 is one of the obsh of set B

7 E B belongs to set B

B 813 belongs to set B

813 E
E B S belongs to set B
S
520 B 520 does not belong to set B
SI B SI does not belong to set B

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 12
A infinity B 0 c

A B C are sets
singleton

set of stars in sky is an infinite set

a set of intelligent students is
Finite set Infinite set
Null set not a well defined
collection

A 1,2 s B 1,239,5 6,7

set B also
Every obsh of set A to
Here belongs

i A is a subset of B OR
B is a super set of A

A B
set p
If every obsh of
1,215 3,4 6 belongs to set I also

7 then
is a subset of Q
p
X

P E Q

a b D a P
a pair

Here D is a subset of c

c is a superset of D

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 Find All possible subsets of set A
If A 10

to I 2 possible subsets

Find All possible subsets of set A

If A 10,12
103 123 10,123,0
a possible subset
Find All possible subsets of set A
If A 10,12 20
8 possible subset
103 123 to 123 0
10,20 12,203 10,13203 20

Find All possible subsets of set A

If A 10,12 20,30
to
B 203 303 10,123 10,203

10,303 12,203 12,303 20,303 10,13303

10,121203 10120,303 12,201303 10,1220,30

16 possible subsets
cardinal value no of all possible
of set subsets
I 21 2

2 22 4
3 23 8
4 24 16
n 2h

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 Find all possible subsets of
set 9 1,2 3,915

4
I
23 33 43,5
1,2 1,33 1,4 is 333 393 3s

3,4 3,5 4,53 1.333 1343 1353

13,4 13,5 49,5 33,43 33,53 3,95
39,5 133,93 133,53 1,219,53 13,91s

2,3 4,5
H
1,2 314,5 improper proper subsets
subsets 31

160 B 60
8,90

0 60
783,5903 60,783 proper
7
subsets
78,903 60,903
Improper I
J
60 8,90 subset

K calculator Book Find all possible

subsets

proper subsets calculator Book

0
subset calculator Book
Improper
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 If cardinal value of set is m

then

No of subsets 2m

No of improper subsets 1

No of proper subsets 2m 1
NO ofEmpty subsets 1

No of Non empty subsets 12m 1

No of Non
empty propersubsets zm 2

If cardinal value of set is 12

then

No of subsets 212 4096

No of improper subsets 1

No of proper subsets 212 1 4095

NO ofEmpty subsets 1

No of Non empty subsets 1212 1 4095

No of Non
empty propersubsets 1212 2 4094

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

20 E 5,13

4
All possible subsets s
133,4 5,13

3
in proper subsets s 13
0

subsets S 13 1
Il improper
I
All empty subsets of
in non empty subsets s 13 5,133 3

All Non empty proper subsets s 13 2

If set K P 9,30
All possible subsets P 4 303 Pit 8,303 9,303
8
P 4,303 0
All proper subsets p 4 303 Pit 0,303 9,303,0 7

All improper subsets P 9,30

subsets
All empty
subsets 30 Pit 30
P 4 303 Pit 9,30
All Non empty 1
All Non empty proper subsets P 93 303 P 43
P303 1,303 6
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 cardinal value of set is k then
If

NO of subsets 2k
No of improper subsets 1
No of proper subsets 2k 1
No of empty subsets 1
No of Non empty subsets 2k 1
No of Non empty proper subsets 2k 2

find all subsets of

Null set is subset of other set

a
any
other set is a superset of Null set
Any
Null set also has one subset of
Null set don't have a proper subset

A is a subset of B A E B

A is a proper subset of B A C B
N
M is a
proper subset of MC N

universal set
Set of all observations under the scope
of study investigation is known as universal set

It is denoted U S
by or
universal set is the super set of any other set
set is
other the subset of universal set
Any
universal set is represented by Rectangle
in venn
diagrams
corresponding term in probability is sample spare
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 complementary set

A I s 8,9 B 2,5 6,718,9

U 1,2 3,4 5,6 7,8 9,10

then
AS A 2,3 4 6,7 103
complementary set of A

complementary set of B Be B 1 3,4 103

h A th Al n u

h B th B1 n u

n n u n A
i ca
h B n u n B

cardinal value of cardinal value

cardinal value
its complementary of usnietersal
of a set set

t AC
shaded area A
A

y h A th A1 n u

union set A Pit r m t B a b c

met

A OR B AUB P T r m t a b c A union B

A B
9 r P Mt a b c

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 Intersection set A Pit r m t B a b c Mt

A and B ANB Pim t A intersection B

A B
P Mt 9 b C
9,8

A 2,314,8 13 1,3 4,719,10

U 1,213,415,617,819,10 11,12

A 1,5 6,7 9,10 11,12 AUB

2,314,815,6 11,12
Bl 2,5 6,8 11,12 Bua

134,719,10 5,6 11,12

AUB 2,314,8 1,719,10
100 A UB
ANB 3,4 1,5 G 7,9 10,11112 2,8
A NB 2,8 B
A

BNA 1,7 9,10 2,8 3,4 1,79

10
OA NB 5,6 11,12 S G 11,12
U universal set

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 B
A

P 5,18 17,381 36,8 Y

59
63 M
U universal set

Find sets
A P S 18,17 28,30 13 1728,30 36,299,59

A m B P S 18,63m
36,49 59,63
AMB
U P S 18,17 28,30 36 1728,303
x y 59,63 M

AUB 36
Pis 18,133
3 A B AN B P 5,18

A'NB 63 m AUB
B A BNA 36 x y sa

AUB P S 18,17 28,30163 Boa

7383833899

P S A B U B A
Alu B 36,2 9,5963 M 183
ADB

P 5,18 36,219,59

01 0 6 U

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 A B A B
0

Utuniversalset Utuniversalset
n A n u n Al h Bl ncu n B

0 A B A B

Utuniversalset Utuniversalset
NCAUB n A NCB NCANB NCA NB n A NCB n AUB

O A B A B

Utuniversalset Utuniversalset
h A 137 n AMBI HIA NCANB NIB A n BMA n B NCANB

0 A B A B

Utuniversalset Utuniversalset
h ADB NCA B th B A h AUB n A NB

A B A B
0
Utuniversalset Utuniversalset
A OB n ANB n BOA n u n A B
n B th AINB

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 A B

A B
C

Usuniversalset NCAUBUC
h AUB n U NCB A Inca the thee NCANB
Inca thcalnB none means NIAN BNC

A B MIAO Boc n A NB nd
h o NCAUBUC

330 X Y

5,8 9 10,11
13

U universal set

x xny a x'NY is
58,9
910,11 04 58,9 10,11 x 041 58,10 11,13
y
x 1911,13 X Y 58 xox 5,8 9,13
1
y 58,13 Y X 10,11 40 9,10 11,13

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 If h A 5783 n B 4471 n ANB 2358 n101 10,000

Find
h Al h u n A 10,000 5783 4217
n B h u n B 10,000
4,1471 5529
h AUB n A th B n ANB 5783 4471 2358
7896
h A B h A n ANB 5783 2358 3425
h B A h B n AN B 4471 2358 2113
N ADB NCA B th B A 3425 2113 5538
n AUB n An B 7896 2358 5538

h AUB n u n B A 10,000 2113 7887

h A th A NB 5783 2104 7887

NIA NB n o n AUB 10,000 7896

2104

h Bua h u n A B 10,000 3425 6575

h A UB h u n ANB 10,000 2358 7642

A 2
3,5 6,7 B Pair sit

C 18,25 38 min
Here n CA n B NCC 5

A B C are equivalent sets

2 or more sets are said to be equivalent
if their cardinal value is same

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 A 13 2,3 5
33,5

Here A is a subset of B
B is a subset of A

B are improper subsets of each other

A

i A B are Equal sets

p mine 9,283,4 an m
14,8
Here P EQ QE P p p are Equal sets
P Q are Equivalent also

380 All Equal sets are Equivalent also

but Equivalent sets are

All not
sets
necessarily equal
B 10
A 5,78 5,383,0 2,5

Here A B are Equal sets Equivalent also

B C are Equivalent sets but not equal sets

A C are Equivalent sets but not equal sets
A B C are equivalent sets

When sets A B are said to be

Equal sets Equivalent sets

If n
If A E B and BEA NCA Bl
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 13 2
At 2,8 9,10 13,15 203 220,13 15 10,812,9
9 10

Here A B Equal sets

are as well as

Equivalent sets
B 48 10,28 15,353
10 15
28,35 28,10 48,36
Find cardinal value of set B

Be 10 15,28 35,48 363

There are 6 distinct elements in set B

cardinal value of set B is 6

i
n B 6

N 6,7 5,7 6
M 5,6 7,555,6
Here M N are Equal sets and Equivalent sets

A 33,5 13 5,8 9
Here A B are Equivalent sets but not equal
sets
h A n B 3

If A s
100,8503 Find power set of A

s 5 100
Power
100 8503
set of A
5,8503 100,803,0 5,100,8503

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 B V I N O Find power set of B

3 I CN o
power set
I
3.8.03 a
I

to no via lo

no no B
all possible subsets is known as
Set of
power set

13
A 58,9 3,16 18,20
20
U 1,213,4
A B Here ANB 0
58,9 3,1618,20 i e N ANB 0 Zero

i A B are said to be
10,141313 sets or
135,91 Disjoint
Mutually exclusive sets

A S
8,10 13 B 6,710,1518 20,25
whether A B are disjoint sets
NO as n ANB I O
AnB 10
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 A TOI
B IE

70 20 250

3050 100

400 80 C ET

U
n o 1000

h AUB Oc I n A th B th s n ANB n Bnc n ANC HANBAC

170 420 260 70 150 80 t 50

600
h A th 1137 NCANB 170 420 70
h AUB
520

h A B n A n ANB 170 70 100

h A NB no n u n AU BUC 1000 600

400

h BAC P Buc n BNC

B th c n Bnc n Bnc

420 260 150 150

380
How of them read only one news paper
many
70 250 80 400

them read only 2 newspapers

How many of
20 30 700 150

them read at least one news paper

How many of
600

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 A B s
10,13 M P 4
9,10 13,18
S M P t Find
U 9,10 13,18 9,8
At s m Piter t Bna Sm Pit

B a 18 rit a'nB rit

AUB a 10,13 18,5 M P AUB 9111318

ANB 10,13 Bua PT

SITE
ants a s a'uB
Email
ADB ANB U BNA

a
18,5 m P

A B

9,18 10,13 S M P9

2 t

A 2,10 13,18 Find

AUA 2,10 3,18 A 00 2,10 13,18

ANA 2,10 13,18 And

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 A U A A ANB U AUB AUB
B 230 ANB N AUB ANB
B U B
B B 240 A B UCB A ADB
B N
A B N B A
A U 0 A
AUB CA NBD
U U
A n 0 AUB n CA NBD D
A B U A
BU 0 B 280 A
U B B
290 B A
A U A U AUB
30 B A U A
A n Al p ADB U CANB AUB

B U B U 320 ADB N ANB of

330
100 B N B 0 30
A B CA NBD
A OCAINBY
U
AUB
B

U up U
AUB U ANB U
U U U U
U
30 A'OBD n ANB p
U n u ADB U CA NBD A'OBD ANB
U n p p ADB N CA NB
p
U ULA NBD U
O LAU B A

160 U 400 A B U B A U CAN B AUB

A B
000 AUB N A B
ANB n B A 0
180 In A OB U AUB U
U
u p AUB U BNA U

200 On 0 Boal n A B p
AUB UA AUB

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 students
in a college of soo

80 play cricket 130 play Hockey 220 play football

so play C H 80 play H F 25
Play Cd F

is
play all 3 games
Find no of students who cricket
Hockey
20 35 is
Play at least one
game
290 15
10 65

one
play one only game 210 130
Football
20 15 130 165

35 10 65 110
play exactly 2
games

No of these three 210

play game

play cricket or
Hockey 500 210 130 160

play Hockey but not football 3 Stis so

In a class of Iso students read

70
read physics maths
physics but not maths 20
27 read neither physics nor maths Find no of
students who
physics maths
Read physics 90
Read maths 53
Read physics or maths
70 20 33
123
Read maths but not physics 33
Read one
onlyone subject 103 27
Don't read physics 60
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 If A E B then

BE A B EA B EA A EB

A I 2,3 B 12,3 4,5 U 1,213,956,78

A 4,56 7,8 B 6,78

A 1,33 B as

Find A XB 4 BX A

cartesian product of sets

5 8 8 axe

0 0
38 o o Bx A
1 O O

9 8 8 98

A XB 1,47 lis 2,4 4,57 3,4 3,57

B X A 4,1 9,2 4,3 S D S2 5,3

A XB BX A

but n Ax B n BX A NCA NCB

3 2

6
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 A XB is a set of all

ordered pairs i j where I EA

j E B

A mumbai pune

B 3,9 8,9 c
11,3 18,91253
Find A x BNC

A Mumbai Pune Bnc 3,9

AX Bnc Mumbai 3 Mumbai 9 Pune 3

Pune 9

10 13 3,6 13,14115
A 5,6 8,9
7
c 1,2 3,4 5,6 8,9 103
Find C X ANB

133,415,878,9103 26
1,67 2,67 3,67 9,67 5,67 6,6 76
8,6 9,67 10,6

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 is expressed
y 32 82 9 y
e 092 32 tax in terms of se
y i Dependent variable
I 522
3 Y
Independent variable
y see
is a function of se

y
art
fogs y
fugacansewrittenas
Sse fee
y y
10 t se hee
Y Else
y
y Log 563 8 19
joe
y
Demand y is dependent on price se

then we can that fee

say y
fee 200 sa
y
se y fee 200 SH
20 f 20 200 5620 100
22 f 22 200 S 22 90
23 f 23 200 5123 85
1 18 f 18 200 56187 110
f 17 200 S 17 115
IS f Is 200 5 IS 125
30 f 30 200 5630 SO

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 f x 822 22 1
g se 202 2

Find f 3 Ff 107 g 8
g 137 g 3

ff 12 1 o o
g
foe 822 22 1
g se 202 2

f 3 8137 2137 1 79 g 8 2018 2 158

206137 2 25
ff 10 8 107 2510 1 781 8113
3 201 3 2 62
g
f f 12 8 f 127 26 127 1 1129
o 2010 2 2
f o 81072 2 o 1 1 g

If f p 8pt3p 25

Find feel f m f 10 ff 3 f o

f p 8Pt3pt2S
f 2 822 32 25

f m 8Mt 3m 25

f 107 8 1072 3110 25 855

ff3 81 372 3 f 3 25 88
f o 8 072 310 25 25

7 a 32 5
If floe 392 g
Find f 9127 g f 8

f 3127 5 f 117 396117 7

i f 9 27
422

f ga fog 2

Ii 1 187 f 18 39181 7 913057

g g g
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
31305 5 920
 vinod income
Y Reddy's
D No of students in his batches
K No of students pursuing ca course in
Indi

m India's industrial service sector growth rate

y the a
g
r K h m

if foe
y f girl
f g k

y f g hem

f g h m
y
Function of Function is known as composite function

feel 22 7 g 2 42 9

Find f g lo f 111 f gfm

g

f g lo f 41107 9 7131 2 31 7 69

f 11
g 117 7 29 4 29 9 107
g 9

f gtm f fm a f fam a

2
fam a 7
8M 1877
8M 11
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 f e 72 3
se 22 11
g
h R 102 3

Find f g h lo
g f f
h hft
g

f gh lo f g 101107 3

f g 97

f 21977 11

f 205
7 2057 3 1438
f f h g f f gf
g hft
h 13
g
f f h f is
g
f f f 1537
g 1068
g f
7473
g
14,935
feel 32 22 t 1

Find ffetz f foe 3 f Pt 2

feet 2 3 2 272 26 2 I

3 122 42 4 22 4 t 1

322 122 12 22 t 5

322 142 17

f Pt 2 3ft 14 Pt 17
3 3 372 22 2 3 1
f x
3 22 62 9 22 G I
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes 322 182 27 22 5
322 162 22
Demand y
fee

reprice

fee 822 se 1
gee 112 3

Find f g 2 ffl
g
f g 12 f 11127 3 1125

812572 25 1 4974

f fi g 8517 1 17 1 8
g 9
11 8 3 91

fee 322 2 I

se 22 22 3
g
Find f gt3 f 13
g
f g f 3 f 312 26 37 3 716
31612 6 1 101
f 137 311372 13 1 91493
g
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes g
4932 214937 3 244038
 fee 132272 8

Find f 22 1 flat 37 f P 10

f 22 1 13 22 172 7 22 1 8

13 422 42 1 142 7 8
5222 522 13 142 I
5222 662 12

f at 3 13 Get 372 7 2 3 8

13 2 62 9 72 21 8
1322 782 117 72 29
1322 712 88

f P 10 13 P 1072 P 10 8

13 p 208 100 p 70 8

13 p2 260 Pt 1300 p t 62
1362
Bp2 267 p t

If f 22 7 102 23 Find f foe ACP

f 22 7 102 23

f 22 7 5 22 7 35 23

f 22 7 5 122 7 58

f P sp 58

f se 52 58

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 If f sett 102 28 Find f a f P f 13

L s

f Get 1 102 28
f 2 1 102 28
fate 1062 1 10 28 28
pfe Iti 1012 1

f se 102 38
28
f x 102 10
p 10 P 38
f Ge 102 38
f 137 40 13 38
92

f 32 1 112 35 Find f P f m fly

7132 1 112 35

f 32 1 32 17 35
31

f 32 1 32 1

f P p 93 lp31
f m tm394_
f y Y 394

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 Find the
730 fee Log Sgt 1

the D Log 3 1,5

og Ees
floe 1 se Find floe ffp f Pti

f Ge 1 22

f sett 1
Get 1
f se at 172 22 22 1
Z
f P Pti
f Pti PATI Pta

floe 1 se
f x 1 D 1 722 I

f foe 17 foe 172 2 2 1 2 1

f x 22 22 1 Get 17
feet 23 Find f p

feet 23
f P I 1 P 133
f P p 173
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 se se
If f se l

flat 2 Find value of a

and floe 1

floe 1 floetz

se 17 be 17 1 x t2 2 232
i se t l x2 22 1 I R 2 x2 42 4
2
f of tf 22 22 11 1 2 2 2 42 g
22 42 G
62 6
x I

If se 13 22 322 and
g
Pti P 3 Find value of p
g g
Pti P 3
g g
2
13 2 Pti 3 Pti 13 2 P 3 3 P 3

2p 2 3 Ptapti 28 6 3 R Gpt 9

2 3 6P 3 6 3 18p 27

GP S 18 p 21
16 24 p
16 2
P 24 3

780 If f al 18 102 822 and

f Pts f P S Find P

18 10 Pt 4 8 Pt 47 18 10 P S 8 P S

top 40 8 8 88 16
1op so 8 p toptas
40 88 648 128 50 8 80 p 200

648 168 808 150

18 144 P
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes 1250
14
i O
pi Yg
 If 322 172 25
ga
Find se
and
g Ge
sett 1
g
36 172 1 Get 1 2 5 36 172 176 1 2

3 pet 22 1 172 17 312222 1 1 72 17

322 62 3 17 324 62 3 17
62 14 62 20

122 34
se 2.833333
342
2

f se 82 3 Here
y Dependent variable
82 3
y
y Independent variable D
82 Y 3
is function of se
se
933 y a

inverse function
se f y now se is the
off
If y is the function of se then
se is the inverse function of
y
If Demand is the function of price then

price is the inverse function of demand

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 fee 132 17
Y
Find f y f P f 357,7 1140 f Ge f o

If y f e then
132 17
Y y
se f
GI
se

f ly HH f l e tf
f p Pt f o
off
17 13
f 1135 35,511 4

4 1
f 1190 53
If feel lose 23 Find f y f Mtl
y
f f 80 f se f 2 3

fee 102 23
y
se 9 3 f a
1 3

313
1
f y 933 f 43

f mti
Mtf MT 25069
434
1 23
10.30
f f 80 890

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 f f
YIH
If fee Find f ly se iz
y

82 to
Y 32 13

82 10
3ry By
10
324 82
By
2434 8 10 By

at II
f y
III
f 167 1811
3
f 11127
341,1
105 83 14

f 38 f
If f a
821 find f p

f
y fee 331
Y
II
32g 219 8 22
f p I
329 22 8 219 f 1438 8 21438 806
a 2 8 219 31387 2 116
39
403 58
2 83
2
31
E 3
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes E
 8 Find y 307 e
gee 51 g g g

se
82 21 ye goes
y g 13 then
1
2 y
By
82 21 9
21
se
134
39
g y
81
21
g
1
307 136303 36g
se 1
132
g
Speed f acceleration
then acceleration f speed

If fee Log Etf Find f 43

37
71213 109 8,433

Log II loges
25
Log 33

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 If fee 3,721 Find f f 107

f for
IIe
toes
y

Ily 22g 32 7
f EEE
ily 7 32 zoey f 1
3g
3 29
ily 77 x
11
37
a
YES 3 2
37
f 4
y
BIG 93 9
I0

shortcut
f Lf m m

f f m m

fee 92 2 Find f I 11207

f 1 11287

fee ar 2 f 11207
y
se f 91207 2

f f 1 178
1783 20
f y
Yt f 7 11287
L 284
1 11309

f 10 3 9
13 2
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
28
 f fck k
fff K

If f se 22 find f 87,71 8

I 8 82
2
FFS L 8
Here fee fl se

fee is said to be even function

fee set 24 Find 1127,11 2

f 2 22 24 4 16 20

f 2 22 24 4 76 20

Here f 12 ff 2

then feel is said

When f se ff se

to be Even function of a

If f se 23 Find f 8 ff 8

f 8 83 512 Here
ff 8 83 512 f se ffa
OR
SR
f f 8
ffa ft
fl 8 f 8

fl 8 f 8

f e ffa or fl 2 fee then

If
floe is said to be an odd function
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 Ife is said to be

L s

an even function an odd function

When when
f e ffa f x fl se

f se f f se

If fee setae then fee is

an odd function an even function
Neither odd nor Both odd as well as
even function even function

f se setae
f f se f a C 233 22 23
f G 62 63 252
f 6 I 62 63 36 216 180

If fee 23 as then fee is

an odd function an even function

Neither odd nor Both odd as well as
even function even function

f 103 105
lo 1000 100,000 99,000
f f 10 410 1 1075 1000 100,000 99,000
5
f se
f 213 f 2 23 as set as
2 as feel
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 fee Log If then toe is

an odd function an even function

Neither odd nor Both odd as well as
even function even function

fee Log II frog ite

Log f
se

ff a
Log
Itf Log tf Log ti se Logatse

ffa Log ite

Log toe

f f se fee

If floe feta then fee is

an odd function an even function

Neither odd nor Both odd as well as
even function even function

f se 23 2

f f se 4213 1 27

f f se 23 se
f f se setae
f f se floe

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 If f se 322 22 1
and feet the 2 Find value of a

2
3 pet 1
26 17 17 36 272 2 e 2 X
3 pet 22 17 22 2 3 2242 4 2 2 4

322 62 3 2 322 122 12 4

Get 5 122 8
182 3
x 3
18 46

If 222 102 3
g se
Find value of se
g pet
2 2
g Ge

2 foe 272 1042 27 13 212 272 10 2 2 31

2 122 42 4 102 20
26 42 4 102 20

222 82 8 20 224 82 8 20
40 162
D 5
2.50
4g 2

100 If feel 13221 Find f y f P f 113

If fee
y then
y fl D f l
y
ay 32 11

11 32 ay ft y 3
11 213 y
D f P
p
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes 11
f 1130 131301 27
 f 52 11
100 If a
se 32 1
g
g f
Find f g p P

f g P f 3p 1

S 3p 1 11

Isp s til Isp 6

g f P g sptil
I
3 sptil
33 1 Isp 32
Isp

100 De morgan's rule of sets

U universal set u universal set
A B

AUB A'NB ANB AUB

h a NB h AUB n A UB n AMB
NCU n AUB NCU n ANB

I h AU Buc
1030 Bnc Anc
health B the n ANB n n

h CAN BMC
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 fav Buc
ii nlainbind n u n

U
A B

15 81 96

103

h A 96 n B A n BMA 96
h B 177 N AUB 199
n A 199 n BUA 280
h B 118 n CA NB 103
h U 295 n Alu B 214
h ANB 81
h AUB 192
h ADB 111
n A B N LAMB IS

If fee goe Eet

g f
Find f 32 P 3
f g Ya g
fC
IJ
i
f f
Of.gl z

not defined
Fi to
g.tt 2 gf J g I g14s
3

II
2
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 g ffp
3
g Is gf
1
21
1 1

3 P
p 2

B 8
3,5 8,3 3,8
1060 A 35,8
A B are

sets Both of these

Equal sets Equivalent
None of these

13 3,5 8
A 3,58

msn.se d P M J T J 9 m
100 P Q

Here P Q are
sets Both of these
Equal sets Equivalent
None of these

p min.se d 9 P.m i a

h P n Q 4

1080 ADB U ANB

AUB A B A NB U

B S S G 6,7
1090 A 33,5 8,9
Here A B are
Equivalent sets Both of these
Equal sets
n A S
None of these A 2,3 5,8 9
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
B S 6,7 h B 3
1100 A
y i s it teen
y
then
y
I 1.2 0,2

a I
y 1 C D 2
2 2
y 1 1 172 0

3 1 173 2
y
2 4 I I i O
y
se S
y 1 C DS 2
2 6 I C Do o
y
If E is a set of all Even natural numbers
is set of all odd natural numbers
4 O a

then Find
E U o 12,3 4,5 6,78 N

Eno p
Here E O are disjoint sets

If R is a set of all positive rational numbers

and V is a set of all Real numbers then

R E V R C V OVER VCR

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 If R is the set of all quadrilaterals
M is set of all then
a
Rectangles
M E R MCR REM R E M
If S is a set of all squares
R is a set of all Rectangles then

S f R s is a subset of R
in fact
s is a proper subset of R

If D at where seen then

D is

Infinite set Finite

Null set singleton set set

D 1,4 9 16,25 36,49

then
1160 If M se where 23104 seen

M is a

Null set set Finite set

singleton
Infinite set

M to

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 If where so 4 se so then
110 N x se

N is
Null set set finite set
singleton
Infinite set

were set k is
1180 K o

Null set set void set

singleton
Infinite set

1190 B o Here set B is

Null set set void set None of thes

Empty

Null set is represented by

or Ob none of these

It hee ff then a

h y h Yy hfy none of these

y hee hee FEI

h y
try py pre 4
FYI
grey pre py q
x ay P Py 9

it
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 If n A 3 h B 8 then

n A XB
8 11 24 48

1230 A then
3,5 B 8,9

A XB 3,8 3,97 5,8 5,9

B x A 8,3 8,5 19,3 9,5

Here A XB Bx A

but h A XB n BX A NCA X NCB

2 2
4
A XB Bx A are Equivalent sets but
not Equal sets
A 2,10 B 10,2 Find

A XB 12,107 2,27 10,27 10,10

12,107,627 10,27 10,1073

B X A

A XB U BX A 12,107 2,27 10,27 10,10

A XB N BX A 12,107 2,27 10,27 10,10

i If A B are equal sets then

A XB BX A
FAXB U BX A
LAX B N BRAD

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 If f a ee then

f Pto
f P f a P x f a

f P None of these
a

feel ex
f P eP
f a et
f Ptt eft 9
EP x et
f Ptt f P x f a

find fog toe

120 feel grey of
f g t f
If
f F
f i se
se

Yoe

If fee F Find
f f Yz

fff IE tfE
f Y3

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes I3 tg Ya

1280 f Ge D 23 I Find f P

floe D se

1
f Ptl Pti I

f P Pti I
Pt B 3px1 Pti I

p3tXt 3p Pti X
p3 3ps 3p

1290 The set a a o o s 4 seen represents

1,2 3,4 0,133,4 1.33.9.5

011,2 3,9

The set A se o sees 4 seen represents

1,2 3,4 0,133,4 1.33.9.5

011,2 3,9

subset of product set x Y is said to

Any
define a relation from x to y and any relation
from x toxin which No 2 diff ordered pairs
have the same first element is called as Function

Mtl Karnataka Bihar Mumbai Pune Bang

X Y
Patna Jaipur

b
Karna Pine Bang Karna Patna KarnaJai
x Y Karna Mumbai Karna

Bihar mumbai Bihar Pune Bihar Bang BiharPatna BiharJai

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 state capital city
f x Y x y

MH Mumbai Karnataka Bang Bihar Patna

I one to one out of these

Relations
2 one to many a relations
3 to one
one to one 4
many Many to one
a many to
many relations are
Functions
Functions I one to one
2 to one
many
when
y fee then se preimage
y Image
1320 one to many 4 Many to many are relations
but not functions

function is a relation but every relation

Every
not function
is
necessarily a

1330 A 12,3 4,5 B 19,9 16,25 36,99

will be 35 ordered pairs in set A XB

There

subset of Axt will form a relation beth AJ B

Any

f A B where f se x2

f A B 1,17 12,47 3,97 9,167 5,257

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 pre image image
se fee
I l
2 4
3 9
4 16
S 25

Domain 1,2 3,915

co domain 1 4,9 16,25 36,493

Range 14,9 16,25

proper subset of co domain

Here Range is the

When
is the proper subset of co domain IN to
Range
function

is the improper subset of co domain on to

Range function

1340 R 10,30 20,60 15,957 25,757 30,907

Here

Domain 15 set of all First element

10,20 25,30

30,60145 5,90 Set of all second element

Range

This is one to one relation

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 R 10,1 120,1 30,17 40,17 so
D Go

Here

Domain 10,20 30,4050,60

Range I

of one correspondence
This is example many to

When a Relation is said to be

Let a b sd then the relation R

s
is any subset of S Xs

Reflexive If R contains all ordered pairs

a a in S XS then R is

said to be Reflexive
a b then ba E R
If ER
symmetric R is
For aib er then
every
said to be symmetric
Transitive If a b bye ER then d C E R

For a b Cb C E R then
Every
R is is said to be transitive

If a Relation is Reflexive symmetric Transitive

then it is a Relation of Equivalence

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 Relation is
1370 Is Equal to

Reflexive transitive Equivalence

symmetric

IS less than Relation is

1380
Reflexive transitive Equivalence
symmetric
Relation is
1390 IS Reciprocal of
Reflexive transitive Equivalence
symmetric
to Relation is
140 Is parallel
Reflexive transitive Equivalence
symmetric
I IS Greater than Relation is
Reflexive transitive Equivalence
symmetric
C Relation is
1420 Is I to
Reflexive transitive Equivalence
symmetric

1430 Everything in this word

Living or non living
is called as OBJECT

Set is a collection of well defined and

Distinct objects
Find power set of B If B 8

power set
of B 83,0

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

 subsets is
1460 A set of all possible
known as power set

If n A 3379 n u 10,879
Find n A1
h Al n o n A
10879 3379
7500

value of p'Ementary
Ingrassia set 15
h AUB h AUB n o

1480 set of cubes of all natural numbers is

Finite set Null set singleton set

Infinite set

1490 Inverse Function is possible only

when function is one to one

one to one functions are Invertible

only
f e Find f y f p f fo
y

ye

y I se I
CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes
 y ay I

Y I ay

fy
a

Pt f lo
f p
f y
Ig
4
t'd
If h a 10 where 3 I see 10

then of hee is
Range

Range of hee
I
10
1043s hee I 101

104 I ha E 10

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes

CA Vinod Reddy | Maths Regular Notes