—— i -_ cHleme Appignment ee Define ie: Grose. gectienalioncs s— Te qropp sectional area _ ofa. pieel gtructaral 1p the total crops pechanal inves bf 0 member tnken_perpendicubhe ty the — load without d educhiny any helep om othee____ — ppeningg: Tt ig caleulested by muthyply ling the width of Ahemember by f ty thickness 2 __ ig _ji= INef ge cto) area $— The net 94 choral atoa of a | igteel pfructure jp the tehl_ere prpechonal area : ofa mem becker pecpendicub - to-bhe bad, — imp the ore of any helep_om other opening #. Lite i Abe crleulote the membec'p opod fa res ig fincture Tic_ned-pectignsl Are ip : ~sluiays less. sbi Oe apis t-te the weap section dive Net effectre orert= The net-af fectwe pecten-tn Jo piel pirvetute ig the. nek pectiansl Oteen-of the —_ member: reel uced 42. occourd- fiche. effeclp*f = +— «preg perched ond other packer that mi| Can_reduyce the _imembec' capacity b teenie enetufre. | The net effective peckian ip Ob ay lege tha thes i= Cnpeual_te the ‘net sectional nena TE reduction depend. onthe slype of gheel, Ye een ee nel fund ea fi hyve i Spgade Bale £ =i 4:6 ge» cada I ig Fracture’ 1¢ A_Joe + hs Mest bit shergile 4 os nee MB isheen Hof 6% yse = DO MP. : if comme | Iti de ee en=strucdy ral applisti —Laspnihiere fone 2 lindpinte eapected guch AH Sle intel Rl jo = dane it da fintureg ond $hppats ‘alé chanical ehpuipmc alg ye Fe Nib. grade of eecl $—Fe Yip orade gteel_1g 5 if elo Carbs gtructura glee that i _commenh —yisaed tn varie ty of. cen: Peseta le er — necting lading ie c {L ii “Bes Of 3th THU} REP = end Ne ft Clumng. * Other gtruckyrel member, __ Plackaq - _ eras ee (Dgteck hag_n mint uteld s hae Heo: 250 MPa ada step! laprens of 416 On oer minke Lh tetattvely -gtreng “nine eligctile pect. tai fs well suited (er upe Sth & vaciedyof gtr cts Vie Pheepeee cmeenteohon nctrt—A phos, omeen= dehor fret (Sees jn gee glrscture ig howe bauch ¢tiagp ino mmocker al ig, Cones ~ oko: parbieuilar pein dye te_chemge in xeeenatry [SCE G abe jimpercbarte He congiden inthe desis of. gees Arictyres becruge they con lead ~ yp lecslizied fen tures cvch wheb the oycrell schreppes evel _in he. pheucture ore pelotively lous. = itu aAn glep PA lagcorgle iptegmall ame section Atk ig iyed #e.co n niet thc vue bond rn t ef z| ef ta stag le gestion: +00. Byte vet. plocts Sieg | ory le are. typical yuged fe + adsce + IArea 2 oth 7 ctonwnd to reduce th fie eaten = il Gp — tgctplate in gteel gtructs re Que} igh detanglaccol tec dan ilar plocke that iy ged te conmect fw oe mire membert toether Guage et plcteg ore typically somde of gdee [but — vs they Can nlxo he prde-of ether imaterialp, ix— Sh ae [ey fo.cloe —The ¢| facta in igked ptrictyreiga gacter the acesunts fe thé nen- iferer di ghri budion of gtress _wh in ake npion member duets the ppepence of tlechnech’oh , The thea: la: waftect | Coluged by the fact that the wie ih the -heny/on member mug be trang fected sto the comnec ton ——theerigh the hese phreap sh the Cohnedten. k= bregp péchions | yielding £—Tin. gobecl str ute ce 2 A fortere made that occunp when the a aptre yp in the crag 9 gee on of A_ncnb ex caced _ ae the pal plete th. ot the. proce rial TR. peer = | |= 4 fo up etthe, “menmpen* te defuicm perrranectly, ever ——t it the load ig removed? 9 call What ore. the ae ? Is ir Chain Baltinn - fy —e net séctona “chal aig ye en ett thot i peal le tn Fut the bel in the. ml Jacteg Th beg ‘alates “plat (otro formub An = (B- nyt — ® vhere, | An= Net gectivnal ares Can*) BS wid th of th e_plocke Lem py 3 ens in ME hog holes. fates ie : dhe dinof-the heleg Gm) A See ay the Rneny of ate. = 1h dz 4 —Zo be /fins ee “S “Themed pec: ton al Aree. &- re i ent belli Fe laaligfat ae the. ee —| o pintaley x Hatley sh shoe — Ios tne ae eB hers — hes “2 = ned pechonal Aven Cmm) _ - R= etd of tHe. gn Len mp—_____ © leg Jn the plate pn Shea ees = _ ahs daca be leg: Genin) a Mo ite thickness op-bh pect Etmm> > ca = pitch of he les, Cinm) i ek Aruge- of ta haley Crim 1S He: v oe Bey linep ae the inal linge ! Cotlure 2 Te pidkeb i eee ind “a cent hs fy oath € fae digas eee ad ee Némre: bate. lu Phe ad fle — Th nek séchorwl ares. ox p fs lind flotg_ip-the oben Lop th plasts ido —— uy ovalloble te pe pig beng i VO, ris he ote 6 aay Wales jnthe pfebe o- lat TH ig colculnt eee P —— . 'i pling the. 3 fillesirg, fertnula era “An =H, = nail _ where, | An = Ned: pechonul weca_Crrmt> . Ag = Kropy fei nol prea Crm JN = fa” ¢ of bales he bacteote flack dh = dia. 2, pe leg mm) eT £= elke wert kA (min) ng le onal ae fo The het exales | for ang ley s ec] eee. ann be determined by eape, Aad ~2yyu, B ea Lthe element, of the ¢echin ore connec: | in 4, The_overall width yours plea eeipeenined by deve loping the cho pp coal 1 | eypuivelend 9 late. |\Hewever, Prowngles Meee sg. ~eunneced thresh pue la, the nat ores _obfoined will he reduce and ip called effe Sve net aren.—_Ques-@ A teng bn member lim lora Jo treqipt ord ar ond of 2S KA & pervice lord of Gokn. Depiy. fo grec ah lar poe of! peel neode Fe dig . Ags,’ —_ thet the member J p_cennected with | Gimm f ln” boty of grade 4d: [Tale fy = B20MPs& fyp — a TOY Arp Given £ =! Me 1s . Dead Lond = 25 jeal Service Lead = 40K fy = B2oMPa I fa = YioMPs _. fag = Yow Mr & in of beltp = 16 mim ~ din-ofhsles 2 2216 =/aenim =dh . _. Fonctored les = Se (astuo\ =9FS KN _ : Grey pechanal ores, Ay = Tis Fne + f He a2 yi r fy 3 “a 2 = 99: Saly —335:[se0" _ 320 i ug tt — __—— by (epee the aetna of the meimber-be PMY. Li i MePi ————— — —_ — Now, width of bor; B. as = B85:16 = 83:S/emn _ ts fe | B= uo fr tl Nek tectioal, area, An Te Yin = AES mlO nl 25 _ oO: nf OF» M10 An = 830:28mm> — Bn incraspeed by ZY. A - Ano 3836 29 ol25 = 4I2' 8x7 rain 7 Sh Larinh Capac ity of (Erni di te baltg. <> Vdgp = fub + Anbo' rz-_Vin, u, Arb = =o: +A BPE 02 A= Som Vy ee [soe = = OURO RES a T= [2S = 30: US 638 KA | [Nes of belly = = = Ss aan a ce No-of bolts = Cie TAhet ig pxavide Pilg inte linge. Since Mars Ip ene tine of b ff hfe $$ een ne at pectoral Lane in =LA—ndh. =(Yo- Inia) to | 1 | _ = 220 £42 -OSimn Wee eerie aelepactiaal 2A_15 pukedack ,adhaualnemt a so a pests nihekray apneic aasan Now, An =(B—pdh jt. | = (yo — Infd) 26" I =4U4Onm 2 ARPES ne Co Ds ee up. proside_baley in pina te , ine ab te a heh. of — a be mm, end. ee 28mm ad. aon c+ id. igtonce of 20pm _— | 4 et =a ~ alBlock ghee Phrcength pt Tab, = A Sy + 09 atndu — ri Bio Sy ee < | Je Ying ry —— — Ta, = A Gy 9b - va 13M, Avs =[(as+s 5)x20] = 8500 nim vn = Liss - 3-Sx/al azo =24u0mm>. £5 5 2omn26 = YOomm ie Abn = (20-25 yis)n22 = 222 mm7 \ | fens 12s | Tab, = Yoo 9 320 + OAR 2UY ORD = S82°22 KA i, = 3B700n320 + OFRIZONUIO = CRE 3S KN, T i" JEM 2 5 Se _ Cox) _ Bleck : phear ptrenath j Ip $32 kn 3: We SH \ -Sland: erness. 45 Rode, NS p depth — - - nin Hemin = = Sot es ae ra Emin = S°>*+ anh AS bee = JP Ri C4eo ss fe, cur plate iy gage. ucp-B pectermine effeckiea net aves. of pecter ‘shown L in fin, , The: angle ore conne eted_wth JA prim die bala “p of 6 rade 4:4 . The Fie! wiped 0g FeSI0 TER Ors = rue a <8 mm dis | bel WirePlog ered pitch = Somm_ = Aue abhi S ber ter ! = Seam Width of plate, 6 = jou p33" ~8 Js : B=16%mm Dioxche les dh =J84+2=2a5m [TA phosercd balting the gectrsn indy dail abny sector [2-2 % |-2-y-< : Ne’ pres. aleng pecchen [-2-2 . Ap, = 6b =rdh 6 =U62— |nza 8 = >Sent Net deen abn ge. section J=2= YO Ang = [B= ndbs hp’ Spat . lta | = [16422 einen 1, : / Ge a i ~ Aiag = 1267 Sam”‘ [Fhe minicneh aren ip oc: pectin I “224 png fit ig 2qal he (062255 rink cy itl ~ 2 = i offtcliva nel seen = Instn 7 Ques ® Determine the block shesr gtreagth of weldeg _tengibn tneindses~ fhevag 1 tnt dis. Toe Messyeds Lit of. Osroctke Fe Uv. | avoum | } i — Pram Hick — L | : Lf ee o I | \ es] Ly Tr - 4 tee - Au Mh. 280x707 j=) 20 rar” : = 2 oP. — Ava_22.0 Bato) = 16 20mm fu, = YloMiPe -— — i ne 25804 [9 = 20 20Imm*L - Yny = I ; oo ZASOMO = 25S 4h = pee ~ 7 _ —_____ : ; | . ; : a ki. A a_ — Thi Wf Tinea. hs _ ot Rech, phan. a t + Tah, = = Ava fy eOVAL £4 —— Zn. Yn —o ’ = [$oom2VO po F¥reseep Ne 2 B30 Jp (2 Tdp, = 942-94 Kv db, = Abs fy + 0-9 Arte Mitre NZ Ymz = 2 BGO p OY pIBOU AO, wt Cog POs _Tdb, = 842 AS AN i _ | ae ea bg Tdh = aye: gaan“Ques- q-8) Deterinine he. ‘block fone pheciat ————| -jmembe fi ine€t ig TE ade © HD. | of Fenginy epee aed ugal| the —+- | 7 | ge as . —)- & § = | Vo ST l Mosejebe fe 8 |i [4 tt = i 18min dia bog Pinel di 2 [8b <2 laa = (Qo=t: Exae\n 8 ~ Bo cmm* ; Avg = Geng = 220 pm face = Ubon = 320mm = (uo-p: Sx20\%.8 = 240 mm* | - J Now, Boek ghenr ptrany th il Thy 2 Ag fy oe @AAbn by || FB Yene ; Fin |. a — P28 20 4p OV 246 yp YI NGmtol 1-25 ———— - _Telby = 1652 DCN — - Tb, = Ata ty i 0 Avan ty — ~ Mins NB» Vin = 220427? 4 oF x UB we N2 era Taboo. = 18% -53 ie Bhck ghar ttre apt, Tdb = 154-S3 ay y= Ady \ \