Climatic Zones of The
Earth
Key Concepts
🌤️
• Weather : Day-to-day atmospheric conditions in a place.
🌏
• Climate : Long-term weather patterns in a region, which influence
vegetation, lifestyle, and buildings.
Factors Affecting Climate
1. Latitude : 🗺️
🌞
• Closer to the equator = hotter climate .
❄️
• Farther away = cooler climate .
🏔️
2. Altitude :
• Higher altitudes = cooler temperatures.
• Example: Hill stations like Manali have cooler summers than plains.
3. Distance from the Sea :🌊
🌦️
• Coastal areas experience moderate climates , while inland areas
have extreme climates.
🌬️
4. Winds :
• Winds (hot, cold, humid, dry) affect the local climate conditions.
5. Humidity : 💧
• More water vapor = more humidity, leading to discomfort and
sweating.
Sea Breeze and Land Breeze
• Sea Breeze :🌅
• Cool air from the sea moves to the land during the day because the
land heats faster than the sea.
• Land Breeze : 🌙
• Cool air from the land moves to the sea at night, as the land cools
faster than the sea.
🌙
• Land Breeze :
• Cool air from the land moves to the sea at night, as the land cools
faster than the sea.
Climatic Zones
1. Torrid Zone ☀️:
• Located between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn; hot
and humid year-round.
2. Temperate Zone :🌦️
• Between the tropics and polar circles; mild, with distinct seasons.
❄️
3. Frigid Zone :
• Near the poles; extremely cold with slanted Sun rays.
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Keywords
1. Weather 🌤️
• The conditions outside on a given day (like
temperature, rain, wind). It can change daily.
2. Climate🌏
• The usual weather of a place over a long period
(like several years). It includes temperature, rainfall,
and other factors.
3. Latitude 🗺️
• The distance from the equator. Places near the
equator are hot, while places farther away are
cooler.
4. Altitude🏔️
• The height of a place above sea level. Higher
places (like mountains) are cooler.
5. Distance from the Sea 🌊
• How far a place is from the sea. Coastal areas
usually have moderate weather, while inland areas
have more extreme temperatures.
6. Winds 🌬️
• Moving air that can affect the temperature and
weather of a place. Winds can be hot, cold, humid, or
dry.
9. Land Breeze 🌙
• A cool wind that blows from the land to the sea at
night because the land cools faster than the sea.
10. Torrid Zone ☀️
• The area between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic
of Capricorn. This zone gets direct sunlight all year,
making it hot and humid.
11. Temperate Zone 🌦️
• The area between the tropics and polar circles. The
weather is mild, with four seasons (spring, summer,
autumn, winter).
❄️
12. Frigid Zone
• The area near the poles. This zone is always cold
because the Sun’s rays are slanted and don’t provide
much warmth.
13. Monsoon Winds 🌧️
• Seasonal winds that bring moisture, causing
rainfall in certain regions.
14. Loo🔥
• A hot, dry wind that blows in northern India during
summer, increasing the temperature.
15. Continental Climate 🌡️
• A climate with extreme temperature differences,
usually found far from the sea.
