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Form IV – ICT (1st Mid Term)

Chapter 1 : Digital Devices

Types of Peripheral Devices

Learning Objectives
• Know about types of input peripheral such as keyboard, mouse, tracker ball, joystick, graphics
tablet, scanner, digital camera, webcam, microphone, touch screen, OMR reader, OCR reader,
bar code scanner, biometric scanner, magnetic stripe reader, chip and pin, sensor and when
they would be used.
• Know about types of output peripheral such as monitor (screen size, resolution), printer (laser,
inkjet, 3D), plotter, data projector, speaker, control device and when they would be used.
• Be able to differentiate between storage devices and the media used to store data.
• Know the characteristics of hard disk drives (HDD), solid state drives (SSD), optical disk drives,
flash memory drives.
• Know that storage devices can be internal or external.
• Know about types of storage media such as hard disks, optical disks (CD, DVD, Blu-ray), flash
memory devices, magnetic tape
• Know that storage media can be recordable / write once (R) and rewritable (R/W)
• Understand the terms describing the capacity of storage such as bit, byte and multiples of
these (kbytes, mbytes, gbytes, tbytes) (using 1Kb = 1000 bytes).

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What is a Peripheral Device?

• a computer device or part which
is connected inside or outside
to the computer with different
connection types.
• This is not a core device for a
computer and computer can
work without a peripheral
device connected to it.
• generally provide data input
output and storage
functionality to the computer
systems.

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Peripheral Device Types

(Internal and External)
Internal External
• CD-ROM Drive • External CD-ROM Drive
• Floppy Disk Drive • External Floppy Disk Drive
• Graphic Card / Video Card
• Keyboard
• Network Interface Card
• TV Card • Mouse
• Sound Card • Paint Device
• Monitor(Only For Laptops) • Printer
• Scanner
• External Hard Disk Drive/ USB
Drive
• Monitor (Except Laptops)
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Types of Peripheral Devices

• Peripheral devices can be also categorized
according to their data communication
direction.
Peripheral Devices Types

Input Output Storage

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Input Peripheral Devices

• Used to input data
into the computer
system for processing.

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1. Keyboard

QWERTY Keyboard
Numeric Keyboard Braille Keyboard

Concept Keyboard

AZERTY Keyboard

7 Used to input text or interact

Form with
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- 1. Digital Devices - Peripherals

2. Pointing Devices

Touch pad / Track pad

Mouse Tracker ball

Joystick

Used to select objects on the Graphic Tablet / Digitizer

8 Form screen
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3. Scanner

9 Used to convert hardcopy Form

output
IV - ICTinto softcopy
- 1. Digital Devices output using light sensor
- Peripherals

Types of Scanners

Flatbed Scanner OMR OCR

Scan the document & save as Read the simple marks on Read the characters & store
an image the paper as text file
Ex: MCQ paper marking Ex: Reading bills

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4. Barcode Scanner

Hand Held Scanner

Scan the item number on the
product

11 Used to detect the widthForm

of lines and gaps in a barcode
IV - ICT - 1. Digital Devices - Peripherals

Types of barcodes
Linear Matrix / QR Code

• Store less information • Store more information

• Can not be scanned from • Can be scanned from any
any angle angle
• Can store English , • Can store English,
numbers data types numbers, voice, pictures
and binary data types
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5. Webcam
• Lower quality than camcorder
• Can be used as security cameras
• May have built in microphones
to capture sounds

13 Used to stream images orForm

video to the Internet
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6. Microphone
• This converts the electrical
signal to a digital signal with its
sound card.
• So sound card acts as an ADC.
(Analogue – to – Digital Converter)

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Analogue Signals

Microphone
Sound Card Computer

Applications of Microphone Digital Signals

• Voice Recognition
• Recording Speech
• VoIP calls
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Sound Card Ports

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7. Touch Screen

Smart phone
Tablet
Touch Screen laptop
Touch screen desktop
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Types of Touch Screen

Capacitive Resistive

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Differences Image result for capacitive and resistive

Capacitive Resistive
• Has 1 layer • Has 2 layers
in capacitive material • More durable
• Less durable • Not very sensitive, more
• Highly responsive, touch pressure is needed to actuate
the sensor
sensitive
• Multi-touch is not supported
• Multi-touch is supported (pinch, zoom, etc.)
• More expensive • Less expensive
• do not work with gloved fingers • Can be used with bare finger,
or stylus gloved finger, stylus, etc.

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8. Biometric Scanner
• Finger Print Scanner

20 Used to measure the partForm

ofIVthe unique physical characteristics
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Biometric Scanner
• Iris Recognition

21 Used to measure the partForm

ofIVthe human unique physical characteristics
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Biometric Scanner
• Facial Recognition

22 Used to measure the partForm

ofIVthe human unique physical characteristics
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Biometric Scanner
• Voice Recognition

23 Used to measure the partForm

ofIVthe human unique physical characteristics
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Question
• Write the Advantages and disadvantages of
using biometric scanners.
(See Table 1.2 – Pg 28)

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9. Card Readers
• Applications
– Unlock doors
– Access secure areas
– Make payments
– Track people, animal and parcels

25 Used to read the data stored on a card.

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Methods of carrying data on card

• Magnetic Stripe Card

• Smart / Programmable Chip

Card

• RFID & NFC Card

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10. Sensor

Used to input data about the physical environment without the

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Environmental factors sensor can detect

• Light
• Moisture & humidity
• Temperature
• Proximity & distance
• Motion & movement
• pressure
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Green House Control System

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Question
• Write the benefits & drawbacks of using
sensors.

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Output Peripheral Devices

• Used to output the
results of the
computer’s
processing from the
computer system.

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Various forms of output

Types of
Output

Electronic Tactile
Printed Text Video Audio
Display (Touch Form)

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1. Monitor / VDU
• Features of monitors
– Screen Size
– Resolution
– Energy Efficiency

Used to see the output from the computer on an electronic display

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Types of Monitors

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2. Printer

Softcopy Hardcopy

Used to get the hardcopy output of the softcopy output

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Types of Printers
Impact Printers Non impact Printers
• Dot Matrix • Laser Printer
• Daisy Wheel • Inkjet Printer
• Thermal Printer

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Differences
Impact Non Impact
• Uses striking method • Uses non–striking method
• noisy • Not noisy
• Inexpensive • Expensive
• Slow • Fast
• Produce Low Quality • Produce High Quality
printout printout
• Produce carbon Copies • Not produce carbon copies

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Printing Mechanism – Dot Matrix

• Print is made by
hitting or impacting
the paper through an
inked ribbon.

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Printing Mechanism – Inkjet

• Print is made by
spraying tiny dots of
ink onto the paper

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Printing Mechanism – Laser

• Print is made by using a
laser beam and that uses
electrical charge to attract
toner particles onto a
roller.
• The roller transfers the
toner image to a piece of
paper and heat and
pressure permanently fuse
the image onto the page.

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Differences
Inkjet Laser
• Inexpensive • Expensive
• Used by home users • Used by companies
• Slow • Fast
• Uses cartridges • Uses toner
• Cost per page is high • Cost per page is low

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3. 3D Printer
• Creates real life version
of digital models.
• Print is made by adding
layers of heated material
from bottom to top.
• Take long time to create.

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4. Plotter
• Used by designers,
architects, engineers &
cartographers.
• Printing is made by moving
pens across the paper and
by drawing lines
Used to draw high quality images created in CAD software to large
sheets of paper
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5. Data Projector
• Used to take the signal
output by a computer and
projects an image onto a
projector screen via a lens
system.
• Features;
– Light Bulbs
– Resolution
– Zoom Functionality
– Portability
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6. Speaker
• Allow computer to output the
sound .
• Sound Types
– Mono sound – sound comes from
one speaker
– Stereo sound – sound comes from
two sides (Left & Right)
– Surround sound – sound comes
from four or more sides

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7. Control Device / Actuator

• These are mechanical
devices of a system
used to make
something happen in
the real physical
world.

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Examples of Actuators
• Valves – for direction
• Pistons – for pressure
• Heaters – for environmental heat
• Coolers – for environmental humidity
• Motors – for spin the things around

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Storage Peripheral Devices

• Used to store files &
programs for future
use.

Memory ≠ Storage

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Human Memory & Storage

Temporary – contents you learn Permanent – contents written in the book/file

Permanent – Mother’s name

Memory Storage
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Types of Storage
Storage

Primary Secondary
Memory Storage

RAM ROM
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Human Memory (Will be discussed in Chapter 3)

Temporary Permanent
Memory Memory

Ex: Now I am learning ICT…… Ex: What is my name …..?

Similar to RAM Similar to ROM

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Secondary Storage
• Used to store files &
programs for future
use.

Memory ≠ Storage

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Categories of Secondary Storage

• Internal (Devices inside the • External (Devices separate
computer case.) from the computer and which
Ex: Hard Disk Drive are connected to the computer
RAID with a cable plugged into a
suitable interface
Ex: Portable HDD
Magnetic Tape
Memory Stick / Flash Drive
solid state memory cards
DVD or CD Drives
Blu-ray Disk Drives

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Storage Device & Storage Medium

Storage Medium (Media) Storage Device
• This is the actual material • This is the equipment used
used to store data. to read the data stored in
the medium.
Ex: CD Ex: CD Drive
DVD DVD Drive
Flash memory USB Drive
Hard Disk Hard Disk Drive
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Storage Storage
Device Medium

CD Drive CD

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Types of Storage Devices

1. HDD (Hard Disk Drive)
2. SSD (Solid State Drives)
3. ODD (Optical Disk Drives)

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HDD
• Contain Magnetic
storage medium
• Provides a connection
from the disk to the
motherboard.

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Logical Design of Hard Disk

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SSD
• Referred to as flash
drives.
• Contains flash memory
media.
• Has no moving parts.

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ODD
• Contain optical media.
• uses laser light to read
and write data.

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Storage Media
• Hard Disk
• Optical Media
– CDs
– DVDs
– Blu-ray
• Flash Media
• Magnetic Tape
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Hard Disk
• Made up of many
concentric platters.
• Platters spin on a central
spindle.
• A read/Write head moves
to access data on the
tracks.
• Spin speed is measured in
unit of rpm.(Revolutions
per minute)

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Optical Media
• CDs (700 MB)
– CD-R (Recordable)
– CD-RW (Rewritable)
– CD-ROM (Read Only Memory)
• DVDs (4.7 GB)
– DVD-R
– DVD-RW
– DVD-ROM
• Blu-ray (25 GB, 50GB)
– BD-RE (Rewritten)

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Flash Media
• More energy efficient.
• Have no moving parts.
• Suitable for use in
portable devices.
• Faster Access Time.

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Magnetic Tape
• Access Time is slow
• Has High storage
Capacity
• Used in backing up
data.

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Comparing types of Media

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Data Storing Methods – Hard Disk

• Hard Disks change the
magnetic charge of a
platter to either
negative or positive to
represent 0 or 1.

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Data Storing Methods – Optical Media

• Optical media use tiny
bumps on the disk’s
surface to present 0 or
1.

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Data Storing Methods – Flash Media

• Flash media use
different levels of
electrical charge, held
in tiny individual cells
to represent 0 or 1.

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Data Storing Methods – Magnetic Tape

• Magnetic tape changes
the magnetic charge of
the tape to either
negative or positive to
represent 0 or 1.

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Storage Capacity Levels

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Write this part

in your writing
book

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Data Representation in the Computer

A (Capital) = 65
a (Simple) = 97

Binary
Signals

Electronic
Signals

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Binary Conversion

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Find the Binary code for ‘ICT’ word?

A B C D …. H I J … S T U ….
65 66 67 68 ….. 72 73 74 …. 83 84 85 …..

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Sample Question - Specimen

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Sample Question – Sample Ass

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Sample Question - 2019

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Your Turn…..

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