Global Warming

Kaustubh(INtroduction(FIrst slide)
Hey guys today our group, consisting of zeus aadarsh aastha
dhanwant and myself Will be presenting a never before
presented view of global warming.
Before we get serious, a question.
- ‘ Why did the cold war End ?’
Because Global warming started.
Jokes aside.
So firstly we must know what global warming is
To introduce us to the topic I call upon Astha.

Anish
- Global warming is the long-term warming of the planet’s
overall temperature. Though this warming trend has been
going on for a long time, its pace has significantly
increased in the last hundred years due to the burning of
fossil fuels. As the human population has increased, so
has the volume of fossil fuels burned. Fossil fuels include
coal, oil, and natural gas, and burning them causes what
is known as the “greenhouse effect” in Earth’s
atmosphere.
The greenhouse effect is when the sun’s rays penetrate the
atmosphere, but when that heat is reflected off the surface
cannot escape back into space. Gases produced by the
burning of fossil fuels prevent the heat from leaving the
atmosphere. These greenhouse gasses are carbon dioxide,
 chlorofluorocarbons, water vapor, methane, and nitrous
oxide.

To present the Second slide I call upon Zeus

Second Slide(Zeus Starter of Science behind global warming)

To Understand global Warming properly we need to
understand the science behind. So we know that burning
of fossil fuels leads to the increase in global warming but
how?
- All fossils contain carbon and hydrogen and when
they undergo combustion they produce CO2 and
water
- The reaction goes as follows
CxHy + O2 gives Co2 + H2O
In this reaction x and y represent the amount of carbon
and hydrogen atoms respectively. This carbon dioxide is
produced in huge amounts therefore contributing to global
warming.

I would Like to Call Upon aadarsh for the next slide

Third slide(aadarsh)
Ideally, what should happen is:
1) Solar radiation of the sun passes through the earths
 atmosphere
2) The radiation is then absorbed by the earths surface
3) Some of the radiation is reflected back in two ways
- reflected solar radiation
- emitted thermal infrared radiation
But due to the presence of greenhouse gasses, what
actually happens is:
1) Solar radiations emitted by the sun pass through the
layer of greenhouse gases
2) The radiation that was supposed to be reflected back
is retained during to this layer - thus this phenomenon
is know as the blanketing effect of greenhouse gases
To read the next few points i would like to call upon
Dhanwant
Dhanwant(From 6th point)
Greenhouse gases are a part of the earths energy balance,
yet and increase in greenhouse gases can disturb the
energy balance, leading to changes in temperature and
climate patterns.
Although greenhouse gases are beneficial to us as they
maintain a habitable temperature to live in and help in
water to remain a liquid and not a frozen state,
accumulation of such gases can have severe consequences
This is what the earth without greenhouse gases would
look like (slide 6)

Kaustubh
Earth's energy balance refers to the balance between the
amount of incoming solar radiation and outgoing
terrestrial radiation. In a 1-year period, the overall average
flow of energy to and from Earth must balance, or the
global mean (average) temperature of Earth would
change. The following describes how incoming and
outgoing radiation balance. The average amount of solar
energy falling on one square meter of level surface
outside of Earth's atmosphere is about 342 watts. A watt
is a unit of power equal to 1 joule of energy per second,
so radiation intensity is the rate of energy flow (joules per
second) per square meter. To simplify the explanation of
how global radiation balances over a 1-year period, we
will use a measurement of 100 units in place of 342 watts
(noted above) as the base unit of measurement for
incoming solar radiation falling on 1 square meter.Of the
100 units of incoming solar radiation, 30 are scattered or
reflected back to space by the atmosphere and Earth’s
surface. The 70 units of incoming solar radiation make it
into Earth’s atmosphere. This is equivalent to 240 watts
per square meter. The atmosphere and clouds absorb 19
units of this incoming solar radiation, leaving 51 units of
solar radiation that is absorbed at Earth’s surface.
Aastha
Of the 51 units of solar radiation absorbed by Earth’s
surface, 23 units are used to evaporate water, causing a
loss of 23 units of heat at Earth’s surface. Seven (7) units
are used for the processes of conduction and convection,
also causing a loss of heat at Earth’s surface. The
remaining units of the original 51 units of solar radiation
are emitted from Earth’s surface as outgoing infrared
radiation, also known as terrestrial radiation. However,
Earth actually radiates 117 units away from the surface,
not 21 units (51 − 23 − 7 = 21). This happens because
Earth receives solar radiation only during the daylight
hours; but emits infrared radiation during both the day
and the night hours. Only 6 of these 117 units are emitted
into space beyond Earth’s atmosphere. The remaining 111
units of infrared radiation, which were emitted to the
atmosphere from Earth’s surface, are absorbed by
greenhouse gases and clouds.

Zeus(Slide 12)
So now we know what actually greenhouse gases do. So
most greenhouse gasses have the same warming
mechanism even the fluorinated chemicals such as CFCs
Water and Carbon dioxide are the most potent greenhouse
gasses due to their ability to drastically increase the
amount of heat trapped in the next slide we can see the
drastic increase in C02. we can also see how much
increase in C02 levels there has been since the industrial
revolution started.

Next slide(aadarsh)
In this slide we can see a graph that shows the
drastic increase in the amount of CO2 in a period of
800,000 years as you can see it remains the same
until and look at the increase in 2019!!.
Next Slide(aadarsh)
IN the next slide we can see a graph that shows the
increase in carbon dioxide emissions . Around 1870
industrialisation started and the amount of emissions
increased.

Next SLide(DHannu boss)

Now that we have how global warming occurs, the
amount of carbon dioxide we humans have produced
i believe it is time to learn how to affects us and how
to reduce the emissions
The effects are-
1)Extreme Weather conditions
2)Rising Sea Levels
3)Health Impacts: Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns
can affect the spread of infectious diseases, such as those carried by
mosquitoes and ticks
4)Economic Disruptions: The various impacts of global warming,
from extreme weather events to changes in agricultural productivity,
can have significant economic consequences.
the ways to prevent are -

1)Transition to Renewable Energy:

2)Energy Efficiency
3)reduce, Reuse, Recycle:
4)Water Conservation:

Kaustubh

I think it is important for us all to realize the importance of our

Earth after all, it is the only planet that humans can thrive in without
having to make compromises.Think about how it would affect the
younger generations. Would they also be able to experience the
beauty of nature like we do?? . .So before using any product and
simply just throwing it away think about the consequences
All together :Thank you !!!!!