Unit 6A

Around the globe

Which one would you visit?

• Have you visited any of

these places? Did you like
them? Why?
• If not, which one would you
like to visit?
 Gerunds and infinitives

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Gerunds
• A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing."

• For example:
read --- reading
swim --- swimming
write --- writing

I love writing short stories.

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Gerunds
• Gerunds can be made negative by adding “not.”

• For example:
- Not doing anything about it is worse than doing the wrong
thing.
- I hate not being able to read without glasses.

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 Gerunds
• The gerunds can be used…
1. As subjects in the sentences.

For example:

- Swimming can relieve low back pain.

- Dancing is my favorite activity

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Gerunds
2. Gerunds can be used as objects after certain verbs.

• For example:

-I enjoy reading.
- I love spending time in the library.

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Gerunds
3. Gerunds can be used after prepositions.

• For example:

- Before leaving the house, she checked all windows.

Preposition
- After calling the police, the neighbors stopped the noise.
Preposition

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Gerunds
4. Gerunds can be used with verbs related to the senses (e.g.
see, smell, taste, look at, listen to, watch, feel, etc.).

In that case, the object is placed between the “sense” verb

and the gerund.

For example:
• They heard the door opening.
Sense verb Object Gerund

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Gerunds
• The gerund is often used after certain verbs.

For example:
• I dislike working after 5 pm.
• We enjoy hiking.
• She suggested going for a movie.
• Farah keeps talking about her problems.

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 Infinitives
• Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb.

• For example:
learn ---- to learn
give ---- to give
go ---- to go

He wants to go now.

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Infinitives
• Infinitives can be made negative by adding “not.”

• For example:

- She decided not to go to the party.

- Anna told you not to worry about that problem.

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Infinitives
• The infinitive is used…

1) To express purpose.

For example:
- To watch the clip again, press
“replay.”
- I woke up early to catch the new film.

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Infinitives
2) The infinitives can be used after adjectives.

• For example:

- It´s nice to come back to Cairo.

Adjective
- I am happy to be here.
Adjective

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 Gerunds and Infinitives
• Some verbs (e.g. love, hate, start, prefer) can take gerund or
infinitive, with similar meanings.

For Example:
• I love to eat candy.
• I love eating candy.
• I started to polish the car, but then decided not to.
• I started polishing the car, but then decided not to.

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 A few verbs can be followed by either the gerund or the infinitive
but the meanings are different.

-We use the -ing form after stop to indicate that an action or event is no
longer continuing.
• For example:
-They stopped having lunch at the restaurant. (They don’t eat there
anymore).
The to + infinitive after stop indicates that someone stops one action to do
something else.
• For example:
-They stopped to have lunch at the restaurant.
(They stopped another activity in order to have lunch at the restaurant).

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-Forget + to + infinitive is used when someone forgets to do
something they have to do ( present or past).
• For example:
- She forgot to pay the rent this month. (She forgot that she
needed to do something).
-Forget + a gerund is used for memories of the past.
• For example:
- She forgot reading the book when she was a kid. (She did
something in the past, and she has forgotten that fact).
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Remember + to + infinitive is used when someone has to
remember something they have to do ( present or past)
• For example:
- He always remembers to turn off the lights before he leaves.
(He remembers something he has to do)
Remember + a gerund is used for memories of the past.
• For example:
- He remembers turning the lights off before he left. (He
remembers something he did).
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Try + to + infinitive is used when we don’t succeed in doing an
action.
• For example
-I tried to talk to him but he didn’t answer his phone. (You wanted to
talk to him, but you did not succeed in your attempt).
Try + a gerund is used when we do something, to see what effect it
has.
• For example
-I tried talking to him but he’s still angry. (You did talk to him, and it
did not work)
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Regret + to + infinitive is usually used in announcements of bad
news.
• For example:
- We regret to announce the late arrival of the 12.45 from
Paddington. (You are receiving bad news).

Regret is followed by ing when it refers to the past.

• For example:
- He regretted speaking so rudely. (He is sorry for something he did)
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Go on + to + infinitive is usually used when you stop one thing
and start the next.
• For example:
• After talking about verbs she went on to tell a joke. (She
changed the activity.)
Go on is followed by ing to indicate that something doesn’t stop.
• For example:
• She went on talking about verbs for hours! she didn't stop. (She
continued talking.)
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Gerunds and Infinitives

• ‘To’ can be part of the infinitive or it can be a preposition.

• Use a gerund after the preposition ‘to’.

Examples:
I look forward to hearing from you. (√)
I look forward to hear from you. (X)

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Confess to/ He confessed to stealing the money.
Admit to / She won’t admit to cheating on the test.
Devoted to/ She’s devoted to helping the poor.
Dedicated to/ She’s dedicated to preserving the antiques of the museum.
Committed to/ We’re committed to improving the community.
Opposed to/ I’m opposed to changing the laws.
Object to/ We object to smoking inside the building.
Adjust to/ After the pandemic I might need to adjust to waking up earlier.
Be used to/ I’m not used to waking up so early.
Accustom to/ He was accustomed to hearing other people’s conversations.
Get around to/ I never got around to calling her back.
 Gerunds and Infinitives
• Put the verbs in brackets into the gerund or the infinitive

1. to finish (finish) my work early tonight.

I want ________
2. waiting (wait) for the buses.
I saw them________
3. to meet (meet) Anna.
I’m going to the café ________
4. climbing (climb).
Sam is really good at __________
5. seeing (see) my baby for the first time. It was memorable!
I’ll never forget _______
6. Dancing (dance) on weekends is really fun.
________
7. missing (miss) the train.
Let’s go now. I’m worried about _________
8. to help (help) me.
He refused ________
Gerunds and Infinitives
reading (read) the new novel.
9. I look forward to________
to call
10.Please remember________(call) mom! It’s her birthday!
Swimming (swim) is a good form of exercise.
11.__________
working (work) like this, I am exhausted!
12.I can’t go on _________
testing (test) each
to pass (pass) the exam by ________
13.We managed _______
other every evening.
playing (play) soccer.
14.We were getting tired, so we stopped ________
to find (find) virus-like activity on his computer.
15.Ted was angry _______
Gerunds and Infinitives
drinking (drink) some hot milk.
16. I couldn’t sleep so I tried _________
to reach
17. She tried __________(reach) the book on the high shelf but she was
too small.
to bring (bring) your book! Here it is.
18. Finally, I remembered ________
to have (have) lunch. They are starving!
19. They will stop _________
studying (study) because it was late.
20. We stopped _________
to buy (buy) milk. My mom will get angry!
21.Oh no! I forgot _________
telling (tell) Julie my secret. Now she has told everyone.
22. I regret _________