[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
24 views4 pages

CH 1

Uploaded by

yashasvi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
24 views4 pages

CH 1

Uploaded by

yashasvi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Computer

Chapter – 1
Introduction to Python

It is widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language. Developed


by Guido van Rossum in 1991.

Features of Python
1. Easy to use
2. Interpreted language
3. Cross-platform language

Modes in Python:
i) Interactive Mode: It executes one by one command.
ii) Script Mode: It used to execute the multiple instruction (complete
program) at once.

Tokens: A token is the smallest individual unit in a python program. It is also


known as Lexical Unit.
Keywords: Python keywords are unique words reserved with defined
meanings. Eg :print
Identifiers: Identifiers are names used to identify a variable or function. Eg:
variable name
Literals: Literals are the fixed values or data items used in a source code.

Operators:
An operator is used to perform specific mathematical or logical operation on
values.
i) Arithmetic operators : =,+-,*,//,%
ii) Assignment operators : =,+=,-=
iii) Comparison operators: <,>,==,<=,>=
iv) Logical operators: and, or,NOT
v) Membership operators: in, not in

Comments in python: Comments are non-executable statements of


python. Types of comment:
i) i. Single line comment (#) – comments only single line.
ii) ii. Multi-line comment (‘‘‘………..’’’) – Comments multiple line.

Input Statement:
Input()-This function first takes the input from the user and converts it into a
string.
name = input('What is your name?\n')
Output using print() function:
print() : function prints the message on the screen or any other standard output
device.

Numbers: Number data types store numeric values.


Python supports four different numerical types
• int (signed integers)
• long (long integers, they can also be represented in octal and hexadecimal)
• float (floating point real values)
• complex (complex numbers)

Strings: String in Python are identified as a contiguous set of characters


represented in the quotation marks. Python allows for either pairs of single or
double quotes.
print str # Prints complete string Hello World!
print str[0] # Prints first character of the string H
print str[2:5] # Prints characters starting from 3rd to 5th llo
print str[2:] # Prints string starting from 3rd character llo World!
print str * 2 # Prints string two times Hello World!Hello World!
print str + "TEST" # Prints concatenated string Hello World!TEST

Lists:
A list contains items separated by commas and enclosed within square brackets
([]).
list = [ 'abcd', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 ]
tinylist = [123, 'john']
print list # Prints complete list ['abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2]
print list[0] # Prints first element of the list- abcd
print list[1:3] # Prints elements starting from 2nd till 3rd
- [786, 2.23]
print list[2:] # Prints elements starting from 3rd element -[2.23, 'john', 70.2] print
tinylist * 2 # Prints list two times-[123, 'john', 123, 'john'] print list + tinylist #
Prints concatenated lists-['abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2, 123, 'john']

Tuples:
A tuple is another sequence data type that is similar to the
list. tuple = ( 'abcd', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 )
tinytuple = (123, 'john')
print tuple # Prints the complete tuple--('abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2)
print tuple[0] # Prints first element of the tuple-- abcd
print tuple[1:3] # Prints elements of the tuple starting from 2nd till 3rd
--(786, 2.23)
print tuple[2:] # Prints elements of the tuple starting from 3rd element--(2.23,
'john', 70.2)
print tinytuple * 2 # Prints the contents of the tuple twice--(123, 'john', 123,
'john')
print tuple + tinytuple # Prints concatenated tuples-- ('abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john',
70.2, 123, 'john')

Dictionary:
Python's dictionaries are kind of hash table type. They consist of key-value pairs
dict = {}
31
dict['one'] = "This is one"
dict[2] = "This is two"
tinydict = {'name': 'john','code':6734, 'dept': 'sales'}
print dict['one'] # Prints value for 'one' key This is one
print dict[2] # Prints value for 2 key This is two
print tinydict # Prints complete dictionary {'dept': 'sales', 'code': 6734, 'name':
'john'}
print tinydict.keys() # Prints all the keys ['dept', 'code', 'name']
print tinydict.values() # Prints all the values ['sales', 6734, 'john']

Boolean:
Boolean represent one of two values: True or False.
Type conversion:
i) Explicit conversion: int(value) – convert value to an integer. ii)
Implicit conversion: In implicit conversion, data conversion is done
automatically. Var=10.5(float)
Control statements:
There are three types of control statements.
i. Decision Making Statements
ii. Iteration Statements (Loops)
iii. Jump Statements (break, continue, pass)

Decision Making Statement: Decision making statement used to control the


flow of execution of program depending upon condition.
There are three types of decision making statement.
i. if statements
ii. if-else statements
iii. Nested if-else statement

Iteration Statements (Loops):


Iteration statements(loop) are used to execute a block of statements as long as
the condition is true.
Python Iteration (Loops) statements are of three type :-
1. While Loop:
while (condition):
statement
[statements]
2. For Loop:
for val in sequence:
statements
for val in range(start,stop,step):
statements
3. Jump Statements
There are three types of jump statements used in python.
1.break
2.continue
3.pass
i) break it is used to terminate the loop.
ii) Continue: It is used to skip all the remaining statements in the loop and
move controls back to the top of the loop.
iii) pass Statement: This statement does nothing. It can be used when a
statement is required syntactically but the program requires no
action.

You might also like