2016

FORM V
HALF-YEARLY EXAMINATION
8.40am Wednesday 25th May, 2016

Biology
Total marks (105)

CHECKLIST
Each boy should have the following:
1 Question Paper
1 Multiple Choice Answer Sheet

EXAMINERS: DBD / HCKM / ACR/ GPW

Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Part A
Total marks (17)
Attempt ALL Questions
Allow about 20 minutes for this Part

Use the multiple-choice Answer Sheet.

Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill the response
circle completely.

Sample 2 + 4 =

(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9

A B C D

If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and
fill in the new answer.

A B C D

If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct
answer, then indicate this by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as
follows.

correct
A B C D

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

1 There are bacteria found living in the foregut of kangaroos, which gain
nutrients by breaking down the cellulose fibres in the grass that the kangaroos
eat. The bacteria release the products of the fibre digestion as volatile fatty
acids, which the kangaroos in turn absorb and utilise as a source of energy.
The bacteria are later digested as they pass through the kangaroo’s digestive
system.

Which of the following describes the relationship between the kangaroo and
the microbes?

(A) Parasitism.
(B) Predation.
(C) Mutualism.
(D) Comensalism.

2 A change in the size of a population is determined by four variables:

 number of births (b)
 number of deaths (d)
 number of individuals immigrating into the population (i)
 number of individuals emigrating out of the population (e)

The overall rate of change in a population (increase or decrease) in a given

period of time is given by which formula below?

(A) (b + e) – (d + i)
(B) (b + e) + (d + i)
(C) (b + i) – (d + e)
(D) (b + i) + (d + e)

3 Adaptations possessed by rock platform organisms include:

1. holding on
2. preventing drying out
3. breathing underwater
4. feeding by filtering water

The blue periwinkle, Littorina unifasciata, is found near the high tide mark of
the Long Reef rock platform. It is exposed for much of the time and may
suffer buffeting by waves at high tide.

Which of the adaptations above would you expect this species to have?

(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 4
(D) 3 and 4

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

4 The tapeworm lives in the intestines of man and other animals. This
invertebrate does not have a mouth or a gut.

Which of the following is the best explanation for this feature?

(A) It lives off its own stored food reserves.

(B) It does not require food because it is a parasite.
(C) It is an autotroph and can manufacture its own food.
(D) Nutrients are absorbed directly from the host organism directly through
its body wall.

5 The list below contains common substances that exist in Earth’s present day
atmosphere.

1. methane
2. oxygen
3. nitrogen
4. ammonia
5. water vapour
6. hydrogen
7. carbon dioxide

Which of the substances from the list were thought to be the most abundant in
the Earth’s early atmosphere?

(A) 2, 4, 5, 6
(B) 1, 4, 5, 6
(C) 3, 4, 5, 6
(D) 2, 3, 4, 7

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

6 Genetic evidence about the origins of life on earth raises the possibility that
life may not have evolved in warm, shallow pools but instead, could have
evolved:

(A) On dry land.

(B) Near deep-sea vents.
(C) From viruses.
(D) From meteorites (panspermia).

7 Land animals probably evolved after land plants because plants:

(A) Were needed to provide oxygen for the animals.

(B) Are hardier and live longer than animals.
(C) Have much simpler organs than animals.
(D) Were a source of food for the animals.

8 A scientist discovered a rock containing a fossilised fish determined to be at

least 200 million years old. This is important because the discovery:

(A) Increases our knowledge of geological history.

(B) Shows that the rock is older than the fossil fish.
(C) Shows that fish first appeared on earth 200 million years ago.
(D) Increases our knowledge of technologies needed to observe fossils.

9 Which of the following correctly identifies the change made when the 5
kingdom classification system was made into 6 kingdoms?

(A) Fungi were split into eubacteria and protists.

(B) Eubacteria were split into protists and archaea.
(C) Protists were split into eubacteria and fungi.
(D) Monera were split into eubacteria and archaea.

10 The following word equation for respiration can be corrected by:

Carbon dioxide + glucose → energy + oxygen + water

(A) Swapping oxygen and carbon dioxide.

(B) Swapping glucose and energy.
(C) Swapping water and glucose.
(D) Reversing the arrow.

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

11 During cytokinesis, which of the following processes happen?

(A) The cytoplasm divides separating the two daughter nuclei.

(B) The chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell.
(C) The spindle fibres attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.
(D) The nuclear membrane breaks down.

12 Which of the following lists includes both biotic and abiotic factors?

(A) Wind, rainfall, humidity.

(B) Predation, competition, waste production.
(C) Predation, temperature, soil type.
(D) Waste production, decomposition, competition.

13 Organisms were originally classified based on which features?

(A) Physical appearance.

(B) Biochemical processes.
(C) Cellular structure.
(D) Genetic similarities.

14 An important feature of the microscope is its resolution or resolving power.

The best definition of resolution is:

(A) The size of the image compared to the actual specimen.

(B) The ability to still detect colour variations.
(C) The brightness of the image.
(D) The ability to distinguish two close points or structures as being
separate.

15 When testing for glucose, the following reagent would prove most useful:

(A) Biuret.
(B) Benedict’s.
(C) Silver chloride.
(D) Toluidine.

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Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

16 The struucture below

w is an orgaanelle found
d in many cells.

The role of this org

ganelle is:

(A) Control of the

t cell’s m
metabolic activity.
(B) Storage of carbohydrat
ates.
(C) Release of carbon dioxxide.
(D) Secretion of
o materials..

17 When using an electron m microscope to investig

gate pancreeatic cells, the
followinng organelle was obserrved in abun
ndance:

From thhis electron micrographh, it is most likely that this organellle is:

(A) The nucleu

us.
(B) A Golgi Bo
ody.
(C) The Roughh Endoplasm
mic Reticulu
um.
(D) A Lysosomme.

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3 DBD
Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Part B Class
Total marks (88)
Attempt ALL Questions
Name
Allow about 1 hour and 40 minutes for this Part

Answer the questions in the spaces provided

Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations

Question 18 (3 marks) Marks

Describe a specific example of allelopathy and explain the advantage this

provides.

Question 19 (3 marks)

The protection of natural habitats and endangered species from human activities
is a high priority in all biodiversity management programs.

Using a named example, discuss a current effort to monitor and manage

biodiversity in Australia.

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Class

Name

Question 20 (6 marks) Marks

Fisheries authorities conducted a capture-mark-recapture study to estimate the

number of rainbow trout in Eucumbene dam in the Snowy Mountains. Initially, 1000
trout were captured, marked and released. One week later, 100 fish were caught and 5
were found to be marked.

(a) Estimate the number of trout in the dam from the information given. Show all
working. 2

(b) Outline two assumptions in the capture-mark-recapture method which if not

met would lead to errors in the population estimate. 2

(c) One year after the initial study, a fisherman caught 3 fish, one of which was
marked. From a quick calculation the fisherman estimated that the population
levels must have crashed.

Evaluate the fisherman’s claim. 2

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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Name

Question 21 (6 marks) Marks

The diagram below shows a food web for a rural ecosystem.

(a) Identify the producer/s in this ecosystem. 1

(b) State which organism is the top consumer in this food web and determine the
highest trophic level that it occupies. 1

Question 21 continued on next page.

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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Name

Question 21 continued. Marks

(c) With reference to the food web, explain how the transfer of energy in the
ecosystem impacts on the trophic levels. 2

(d) What would happen in this food web if grasshoppers were completely
eliminated with insecticides? Justify your answer. 2

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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Name

Question 22 (3 marks) Marks

The diagram below shows the change in population size of species A and species
B over a 60 week period.
Species A . . .
Species B ° ° °
Number of species A

Number of species B
Analyse the data presented to determine the nature of the relationship between
these two species. Give two different reasons to support your conclusion.

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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BLANK PAGE

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 Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

Class
C

Name

Questtion 23 (7 marks) Markss

Usee the timelinne below to complete thhe following

g questions.

(a) Mark on the timelinee shown aboove the app

proximate lo
ocation of thhe following
g
events:

i) The formattion of prokkaryotic autootrophic cellls.

ii) The formattion of eukaaryotic cells.
iii) The formattion of prokkaryotic heteerotrophic cells.
c
iv) The formattion of colonnial organissms.

Question
Q 223 continued on next page.
p

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Class

Question 23 continued. Name

Marks

(b) Identify when there was a change from an anoxic atmosphere to an oxic
atmosphere and explain why this change was significant. 3

Question 24 (4 marks)

(a) Describe a piece of palaeontological evidence which is used to suggest when

life first originated. 2

(b) Identify a recent technology that has furthered our understanding of the first
cells on Earth and describe how our understanding has been improved as a
result of the findings. 2

Page 16 of 32 DBD
 Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

Class
C

Name

Questtion 25 (6 marks) Markss

A sttudent draw
ws the follow
wing to reprresent the ex
xperiment carried
c out bby Urey and
d
Miller in 1953..

3
Conndenser

1
4

(a) Completee the table below

b to briiefly outlinee of what is being modeelled at the
stages labbelled 1-4. 4

Stage Outline

Qu
uestion 25 continued on next page

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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Question 25 continued

(b) Outline the significance of this experiment 2

Question 26 (5 marks)

Traditional classification systems were restricted by the technology available to the

scientists of the time.

Discuss the influence of advances in technology on the classification of individual or

groups of species. Use a named example to support your answer. 5

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 Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

Class
C

Name

Questtion 27 (6 marks) Markss

Beffore a cell diivides, it prepares for th

this process by doubling the amounnt of genetiic
matterial found in the nucleeus.

(a) Explain the

t importan
nce of doubbling the gen
netic materiial in relatioon to the rolle
of mitosis. 2

Durring your coourse you haave observeed cells in various

v stagees of mitosiis. The imag
ge
beloow shows a cell in one of these phhases of diviision.

Cell membbrane X

(b) Name thee structures labelled X..

Qu
uestion 27 continued on next page

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Class

Name
Question 27 continued

(c) Describe the changes that follow this phase of mitosis that will lead to complete
cell division.

Question 28 on next page

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 Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

Class
C

Name
n 28 (2 maarks)
Question Markss

The diagraam below sh

hows the hieerarchy of classificatio
c n for Homoo sapiens.

Complete the
t diagram
m by filling iin the left hand
h column
n to label eaach level of the
hierarchy.

Page 21 of 32 DBD
 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Class

Name
Question 29 (3 marks) Marks

3
Complete the table to outline the specific role of mitosis in various tissues.

Organism Site of mitosis Role of mitosis

Plant

Mammal Skin at the site of

a cut

Question 30 on next page

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Class

Name
Question 30 (7 marks)

(a) Describe the process of photosynthesis and explain the importance of this
process in ecosystems. 2

(b) Photosynthesis takes place chloroplasts. Relate the structure of this organelle to
its function.

(c) A student writes in their exam:

“The main difference between plants and animals is that plants only
photosynthesise whereas animals only perform respiration.”

Evaluate this statement.

Page 23 of 32 DBD
 Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

Class
C

Name

n 31 (2 maarks)
Question Markss

Look at thee diagram below

b show
wing an invertebrate. Usse the key iddentifying the
phyla of innvertebratess to answer tthe question
ns that follo
ow.

1a. A
Animal has bilateral
b symmetry. (2 siddes look like mirror images). Go to 2
1b. A
Animal doess not have bilateral symm
metry. Go to 3

Body has harrd outer covering (exosk eleton) and jointed

2a. B j legs. Arthropoda
a
2b. A
Animal doess not have a hard
h outer c overing and no jointed le
egs. Go to 4

3a. R
Radial symm t same 3600o around ce
metry (looks the entral axis) Cnidaria
3b. N
No radial sym
mmetry Porifera

4a. IInternal skeleton protectting its centrral nervous system Chordata

4b. NNo internal skeleton
s protecting its ceentral nervou us system Go to 5

5a. B
Body consistts of a series of very simi lar segmentss Annelida
5b. B
Body does not consist off a series of vvery similar segments
s Mollusca

(a) Name thee phylum off the organi sm shown above.

a 1

(b) Use the key

k to descrribe the struuctural featu
ures of the organism yoou have nam
med. 1

Page 24 of 32 DBD
 Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

Class
C

Name

n 32 (2 maarks)
Question Markss

Below is a standard im mage of epitthelial cellss as seen witth a light m

microscope. The
T
key featurees that are visible
v are laabelled.

Cell m
membrane

Cyytoplasm

Nucleus

A student analysing
a th
his image sttates that:

“T
The cell lab elled canno
ot be a plantt cell.”

Using yourr knowledge of cell stru

ructure as seeen with a liight microsccope, justify
fy
this statem
ment.

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Class

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Question 33 (3 marks) Marks

(a) Describe how you would test for the presence of starch. 2

(b) State the role of starch in plant cells. 1

Question 34 on next page

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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Question 34 (5 marks) Marks

(a) Describe, with the aid of a labelled diagram, the currently accepted model of
the structure of the cell membrane. 3

(b) Give two reasons why the cell membrane is important to the survival of a cell. 2

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 Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

Class

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Question 35 (5 marks) Marks

The development of the cell theory took many years to formulate and proved
crucial to our understanding of cells.

Outline the currently accepted cell theory and describe the evidence that supports
this.

Page 29 of 32 DBD
 Form
m V Biologyy 2016 Half-Y
Yearly Exam
mination

Class
C

Name
Questtion 36 (10 marks) Markss

An experimentt was carried d out to deteermine the effect of thee relative innternal and
exteernal solute concentratiions on the movement of moleculees across meembranes.
Dialysis tubingg was made into bags an and filled wiith differentt solutions. EEach bag was
w
placced in a beaaker contain
ning either w
water or sucrose solutio on of differeent
concentrations.. The chang ge in mass wwas recorded d every 10 minutes
m forr 30 minutess.
Thee results are shown in thhe graph beelow. The daata plot is laabelled to shhow the
conditions of thhe experimeent.

Bag containing 80% % sucrose;

beaaker containing water
w

Bag containing 50% % sucrose;

beaaker containing water
w

Baag containing 20%

% sucrose;
beaker containing water
w

Baag containing watter; beaker

conntaining water

Bag containing wa
ater; beaker
ontaining 80% sucrose
co

(a) Identify the

t independent and deependant vaariable in thiis experimen
ent 2

Dependaant:

Independdent:

(b) Identify some

s of the variables thhat need to be controlleed for this eexperiment. 1

Question
Q 336 continued on next page.
p
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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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Question 36 continued.

(c) Analyse and explain the results from this experiment, using appropriate
biological terminology. 5

(d) Justify the use of dialysis tubing to demonstrate the movement of molecules
across membranes in living cells. 2

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Form V Biology 2016 Half-Yearly Examination

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END OF PAPER

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