Data Collection
BEFORE DURING AFTER
• Seek permission • Provide • Encode the
from the School instructions to
Principal gathered
the
• Develop research
respondents.
data
questionnaire
• Determine the • Administer the • Analyze the
sample size questionnaire data
through stratified
random sampling
Objectives of the Lesson
• At the end of the lesson, learners must be able to
plan data collection procedure. Specifically:
1. Define/describe data collection.
2. Differentiate the different quantitative data
collection procedures.
3. Identify the procedures that would be done in
research per phase.
4. Craft the data collection procedures of own
research.
Data Collection
•Process of gathering information.
Data that will be collected should
be able to answer the questions
posed in the Statement of the
Problem.
Types of Quantitative Data
Collection Procedures
• Observation
• Survey
• Quantitative Interview
Observation
• This method is usually used in situations where
the respondents cannot answer the questions to
obtain information for a research study.
• The observation is structured to elicit
information that could be coded to give
numerical data.
• Tool: CHECKLIST
Survey
•There are four main types of survey:
• Sample Survey
• Administrative Survey
• Census
• Tracer Studies
•Tool: QUESTIONNAIRE
In Focus: QUESTIONNAIRE
• It may be standardized or researcher – made.
• Standardized Questionnaire has gone through the
process of psychometric validation, has been piloted
and revised. The use of standardized questionnaire is
advantageous because it has (1) validity, (2)
reliability, (3) Sensitivity, (4) Objectivity, (5)
Quantification, (6) Norms.
• Researcher – made Questionnaire has been developed
by the researchers specifically for a research study.
In discussing researcher-made tools in
Research Instrument Section, the following
should be present:
• The corrections and suggestions made on the draft to
improve the instrument.
• The different persons involved in the correction and
refinement of the research instrument.
• The pre-testing efforts and subsequent instrument revisions.
• The type of items used in the instrument.
• The reliability of the data and evidence of validity.
• The steps involved in scoring, guidelines for interpretation.
Quantitative Interview
• Researcher prepares an interview guide
which contains the list of questions and the
answer options that the researcher will read
to the respondents.
• Data can be analyzed by assigning numerical
values to the responses of the participants.
• Tool: INTERVIEW GUIDE
Three Phases in Data Collection
• Before gathering the data
• During the actual gathering of data
• After gathering the required data
BEFORE DURING AFTER
• Prepare the research • Clear the • Summarize
instruments. instructions
• Identify the authorities the data
provided to the
that will be involved and respondents. gathered in
need to ask permission. tabular form.
• Administer the
• Determine the sample
size and corresponding
research • Analyze the
respondents, per group, instrument. summarized
if applicable. • Collect or gather
data
• Ask consent form or or take note of
parents’ consent. the responses. corresponding
• Pilot test the instrument to research
if needed. questions
Sample Letters
Arrange the following steps in data gathering into
their correct sequence, 1 as being the first step,
and 7 as the last step.
RANK STEPS
3 Determine the sample size based on the population of the target respondents.
Explain to the respondents the purpose of the data gathering and the task of
4
answering the questionnaire.
1 Prepare the research instrument.
6 Summarize the data in tabular form.
5 Administer the instruments to the target respondents.
2 Seek approval from the concerned authorities
7 Analyze the gathered data.
ACTIVITY: List the steps that you are going to
follow in gathering the data of your research.
