ISLAM ARCHITECTURE incorporated into European structures, leading to the development
of new architectural styles.
Islam is known for its radiant colors, patterns, and symmetrical
designs. MOSQUE: Place of worship
There architecture is influence by the countries they have
RECAP:
conquered which are Roman, Byzantine, Persian, and Mesopotamia.
Its style is both seen in religious and secular. SUMMERIAN
Muhammed is from Mecca but mecca rejected his faith so he seeks
refuge in Yathrib where he was accepted and thus making that Originated from the persian gulf
country, “The country of the Prophet” or also known as Al-medina. Writing at around 3000 B.C
First to add tin to Copper to make bronze
ISLAM ON ARCHITECTURE Scarcity of stones thus copper for tools
Architecture
Since the countries that they have conquered already had
o SUMMERIAN
developed building techniques, there is no essential difference in
Ziggurats
the techniques brought upon the Islam architecture.
Built in reciding tiers upon a rectangular,
Architecture is mostly built for community purposes
oval or square platform
Decorations lend to abstract and geometric symmetry
Pyramidal
Conservative
Sun baked bricks
Symmetry and balance as a concept of perfect creation
Mud brick walls
Centered upon God
Irrigation projects
Related to a principal axis, the kibla, pointing towards Mecca
o The qibla wall is the wall in a mosque that faces Mecca. The ASSYRIAN
mihrab is a niche in the qibla wall indicating the direction of
Mecca; because of its importance, it is usually the most Tigris and Euphrates
ornate part of a mosque, highly decorated and often Mud bricks
embellished with inscriptions from the Qur'an. Known for their cruelty and fighting
o Muslims face the Holy Kaaba while praying (performing Known for its intricate detail, such artifacts include relief carvings,
narrative art, Lamassu statues, cylinder seals, palaces, and ziggurats.
Salah) because the Almighty commands it, and Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) instructs Muslims to do the same. BABYLON
The Dome, which is positioned above the prayer hall, symbolises
Heaven arching above the worshippers. But Mosques also have Hammurabi
domes for very practical reasons: It helps the Imam's voice to Hanging Garden
resonate around the prayer hall, so everyone can hear him, it also Babylonian temples were thus massive structures of crude brick,
helps people to identify the building as a mosque. supported by buttresses. The use of brick led to the early
Techniques such as the use of horseshoe arches, ribbed vaults, and development of the pilaster and column, and of frescoes and
pointed arches were adopted from Islamic architecture and enameled tiles. The walls were brilliantly colored, and sometimes
plated with zinc or gold, as well as with tiles.
BYZANTINE 1. Dome of the Rock in jersusalem – site kung saan inakyat si Jesus sa
langit, and sacrifice ni Abraham yung anak niya pero prank lang pal
Extensive use of interior mosaics, its defining characteristic is a
ana kwinestyon ng jews and Christians
heightened dome
Church and religious related Islamic Art
Roman emperor Constantine announce his Christianity
Arabesque – A form of artistic decoration
Original Byzantine churches are square-shaped with a central floor
plan. They were designed after the Greek cross or crux immissa Bawal ang any form of idolatry
quadrata
Early Byzantine churches might have one, dominant center dome of There religion allowed them to study science therefore their advance in
great height, rising from a square base on half-dome pillars or science, mathematics, and philosophy
pendentives. Used science to recreate the universe in their architecture
Sophisticated methods for assuring structural solidity were
developed, such as well-built deep foundations, wooden tie-rod Umayyad Mosque in Damascus
systems in vaults, walls and foundations, and metal chains placed They kept hagia Sophia because they felt the presence of god
horizontally inside masonry.
Template of Mosque
ROMAN
5 pillars of Islam
Composite and Tuscan
Innovation of Roman Arch Required to pray, 5x a day
widespread use of concrete.
MOSQUE = MASJID: a place of prostration to God
Emphasized proportions and symmetry
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio Masjid Al haram: Mother of all Mosque
Kaba – walang laman: pwede pumasok ang high ranking imam
LESSON #1 ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE Hindi pwede magdasal sa loob
Islam is a new religion – new dogma Kaaba – white na may kurtinang itim
Islam literally means religion of peace – Gabriel told Muhammed to revise Makahiwlaay, babae and lalaki
everything and everything the Christians believed is crap
You have to be clean and neat when entering
Muslims believe that people are converted to islam: they believe that
Example
everyone is Muslim: refering back to islam; Monoesthic religion: Allah=God
Babri Mosque, India – pinasabog ng hindu
Examples:
Taj Mahal
GREAT MOSQUE OF CORDOBA
Alhambra in Granada, Spain – sultan ay gusto na parang garden of eden ang
peg, it is garden with network of water systems
Islamic architecture in spain is said to be the basis of gothic architecture
Parts
1. Minaret- muezzin (taong kumakanta) Adhan (call to prayer)
2. Mihrab – niche wall -dapat nakaharap sa kabaa
3. Minbar -flight of stairs
Fort Santiago is dedicated to the killer of spain
