https://alphapeeler.sf.net/about/about.txt Text & Reference books ● Object-Oriented Analysis, Design and Implementation: An Integrated Approach, Second Edition by Brahma Dathan & Sarnath Ramnath ● Systems Analysis and Design: An Object-Oriented Approach with UML by Alan Dennis & Barbara Haley Wixom & David Tegarden
● UML 2 Toolkit by Hans-Erik Eriksson, Magnus Penker, Brian Lyons, David Fado (2004) ● Applying UML and Patterns 3rd Edition by Craig Larman (October 20, 2004) ● Enterprise Java and UML, 2nd Edition by C. T. Arrington, Syed H. Rayhan, (2003) ● UML Distilled, 3rd Edition by Martin Flower (September 15, 2003) ● UML for Java Programmers Robert Cecil Martin (2002) GCR codes Section C: leovgww
Section D: zbt7bmd
Section J: e7jsm5x Assessment Final Exam (50%) Home work assignments (10%) Term exams 30% Project( confirmed) 10% Course Goals After successful completion of this course students should be able to do analysis of software system. Do modeling using UML and create diagram like use cases, activity, class, sequence, collaboration etc. outline students_outine.docx What is Systems Analysis and Design?
Systems are created to : solve problems.
Think of the systems approach an organized way of dealing with a problem. System Analysis and Design, mainly deals with the software development activities. Defining A System
A collection of components that work together to
realize some objective forms a system. Basically there are three major components in every system, namely input, processing and output. System Development Life Cycle organizational process of System Development Life Cycle is an ______________ developing and maintaining systems. System development life cycle means combination of activities various_________. Following are the different phases ______ of software development cycle: System study Feasibility study System analysis System design Coding Testing Implementation Maintenance System Development Life Cycle System Environments ? Development Test Staging Pre-Production Production Mirror Roles involved: D, DM, PM, TM, CM & DT. System Study System study - 1st stage of system development life cycle. Gives clear picture of what actually the physical system is. System study phases (I & II): I: initial survey of the system - helps in identifying the scope. II: in-depth study - requirement identification / limitations & issues of current system. Proposal: Prepared after completing the system study, prepared by the System Analyst. Contains the findings of the current system Recommendations to overcome the limitations / issues of the current system. Steps of System study phase: problem identification and project initiation. background analysis. inference or findings. Feasibility Study Done on the basis of initial study. It is the test of the proposed system in the light of its workability, user’s requirements, effective use of resources and the cost effectiveness. Goal : to achieve the scope.(not to solve issues) Advantage: Cost and benefits are estimated with greater accuracy. System Analysis Analysis is detailed study of : current system, leading to specifications of a new system. system operations & its relationships within & outside system. Data collection for: files, decision points, & transactions of present system. Tools of system analysis: Interviews, on-site observation & questionnaire. Steps to define boundary of the new system: Keeping in view the problems and new requirements Workout pros & cons including new system Analysis is documented in: detailed DFDs, data dictionary, UML: Use case, Classes, objects, Activity, Interactions, state, logical data structures Includes sub-dividing of complex objects process, data store identification & manual processes. System Analysis Action items Specification of what the new system is to accomplish based on the user requirements. Functional hierarchy showing the functions to be performed by the new system and their relationship with each other. Function network which are similar to function hierarchy but they highlight the those functions which are common to more than one procedure. List of attributes of the entities - these are the data items which need to be held about each entity (record) System Design Based on the _____________ user requirements and the detailed ________ analysis of a new system, the new system must be designed.
This is the phase of system designing. It is a
_________ most crucial phase in the development of a system.
Normally, the design proceeds in two stages :
Preliminary or general design
Structure or Detailed design Coding
Coding the new system into computer programming language
converts human instructions into a format that computer understands. Coding is stage where defined procedure are transformed into control specifications by the help of a computer language. This is also called the programming phase in which the programmer converts the program specifications into computer instructions, which we refer as programs. data movements and control the entire The programs coordinate the _______________ process in a system. modular in nature. This It is generally felt that the programs must be _________ helps in fast development, maintenance and future change, if required. Testing Removing all the bugs, if any - Before implementing Test plan is developed and run on given set of test data. Output of test run should match expected results. Using test data following test runs are carried out: Unit test: After coding / compiling programs, they are individually tested with test data. Any ambiguity must be noted & debugged. System Test: done after unit test. Complete system is executed on actual data. Results or output of system is analyzed. If output is not matched with expected outputs, errors are identified and are fixed. Implementation After UAT, the implementation phase begins. It is the stage during which theory is turned into practice. All programs of the system are loaded onto the user's computer. After loading the system, training of the users starts. Main topics of such type of training are: How to execute the package How to enter the data How to process the data (processing details) How to take out the reports After the users are trained about the computerized system, manual working has to shift from manual to computerized working. System Run Strategies: Parallel run: computerized & manual systems are executed in parallel. Advantages of Parallel run: Manual results comparison with the computerized one. Failure of the computerized system at the early stage, does not affect the working of the organization. Pilot run: New system is installed in parts. Some part of the new system is installed first and executed successfully for considerable time period. Advantages: When results are found satisfactory then only other parts are implemented. This strategy builds the confidence and the errors are traced easily. Maintenance Maintenance is required to: eliminate errors in the system during its working life tune the system to any variations in its working environment. Errors are always in system that must be corrected. System Review: is necessary from time to time for: knowing the full capabilities of the system knowing the required changes or the additional requirements studying the performance Major change during the review: If a major change to a system is needed, a new project may have to be set up to carry out the change. New project will then proceed through all above life cycle phases. Systems Development Methodologies Object-Oriented analysis and design Object-Oriented analysis and design becoming popular because of its ability to thoroughly represent complex relationships, as well as represent data and data processing with a consistent notation Object-Oriented analysis and design blend analysis and design in evolutionary process It allows you to deal with the complexity inherent in a real-world problem by focusing on the essential and interesting features of an application Systems Development Methodologies Object-Oriented analysis and design Process of progressively developing representation of a system component (or object) through the phases of analysis, design and implementation The model is abstract in the early stages As the model evolves, it becomes more and more detailed Systems Development Methodologies Object-Oriented analysis and design Object-Oriented systems development life cycle The Object-Oriented development life cycle consists of progressively developing an object representation through three phases analysis, design, and implementation Analysis Phase
Object-oriented analysis is a popular approach that sees a system
from the viewpoint of the objects themselves as they function and interact Model of the real-world application is developed showing its important properties Model specifies the functional behavior of the system independent of implementation details Systems Development Methodologies Object-Oriented analysis and design Design Phase Analysis model is refined and adapted to the environment Can be separated into two stages System design
Concerned with overall system architecture
Object design
Implementation details are added to system design
Implementation Phase Design is implemented using a programming language or database management system
