First Periodical

Biology Revision Pack

Grade 9 - 2024/2025

Study Guide:
Please note that these exact questions will not be present in your examination. Below is just an indicator to
assist you in types of questions and general layout of the exams. Learners need to work on their own
understanding and knowledge of material. It is up to each learner to ensure that their work is up to date to
avoid any surprises in the examination.

Subject: Biology

Textbook: Inspire Biology

Topic Textbook Chapter/Unit Textbook pages Resources

Unit 2, Module 7, Lesson
Cell Discovery And Theory Textbook, PowerPoint,
1 Pg: 163- Pg:168
notebook and worksheets
The Plasma Membrane Unit 2, Module 7, Lesson Textbook, PowerPoint,
Pg: 169- Pg:172
2 notebook and worksheets
Cellular Transport Unit 2, Module 7, Lesson Textbook, PowerPoint,
Pg: 173- Pg:180
3 notebook and worksheets

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025

SECTION ONE:
Other questions can be asked during the examination, but the content will remain the same.

QUESTION ONE
CIRCLE the correct answer.

1. Which would NOT be included as part of the cell theory?

a. Unicellular organisms can grow from organic molecules.
b. All living things are made of one or more cells.
c. Cells are the building blocks of living structures.
d. Parent cells pass genetic material on to daughter cells.

2. Which characteristics do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells share? Select all correct answers.
a. cell membrane
b. Genetic material
c. nucleus
d. membrane-bound organelles

3. Protects the cell and allows nutrients to come into the cell.
a. Cell Membrane.
a. Mitochondria.
b. Cytoplasm.
c. Nucleus.

4. What is the definition of selective permeability?

a. It is layers composed of phospholipid molecules arranged with polar heads facing outside and non-
polar tails facing the inside.
b. It is the property of the plasma membrane that allows it to control movement of substances into or
out of the cell.
c. It is the process of maintaining balance in an organism's internal environment.
d. It moves any substance or waste materials through the plasma membrane.

5. What is the basic unit of Life?

a. Tissue.
b. Cell.
c. Organ.
d. System.

6. Which of the following is not a main factor that affects the rate of diffusion?
a. Conductivity
b. Pressure
c. Temperature
d. Concentration

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025

7. The amount of substance in an area is called ………………

a. Diffusion.
b. Concentration.
c. Selective permeability

8. According to the following image, the solution is ………………

a. Hypotonic.
b. Isotonic.
c. Hypertonic.

9. Movement of substances that requires energy is called ……………

a. Passive transport.
b. Active transport.
c. Diffusion.

10. ………… is the transport of WATER from higher to lower conc.

a. Osmosis.
b. Diffusion.
c. Active transport.

11. What is an organism that consists of one cell?

a. Fungi.
b. Bacteria.
c. Animals.

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
12. The transport protein that changes its shape during diffusion is called ……………

a. Channel protein.
b. Membrane protein.
c. Carrier protein.

13. The process of enclosing a substance in a portion of plasma membrane is called …………

a. Exocytosis
b. Endocytosis
c. Diffusion.

14. The secretion of materials through plasma membrane ……………

a. Exocytosis
b. Endocytosis
c. Diffusion.

15. According to the opposite image, the cell is put in a/an ……………… solution.

a. Hypotonic.
b. Isotonic.
c. Hypertonic

16. ………….. made a simple microscope and looked at a piece of cork.

a. Van Leeuwenhoek
b. Robert Hooke
c. Schleiden

17. The scientist ……… proposed that all cells are produced from existing cells

a. Schleiden
b. Virchow
c. Schwann

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
18. Which microscope gives us a black and white shaded image?

a. TEM
b. STM
c. The light microscope

19. ………… are cells with No nucleus or other membrane organelles.

a. Eukaryotic cells
b. Prokaryotic cells
c. Plant cells

20. Which of these is the maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism?

a. Adaptation
b. Homeostasis
c. Negative feedback

21. Which of the following components are common in different types of cells?

a. Cell membrane
b. Genetic material
c. All the above

22. According to the opposite image, the cell is put in a/an ……………… solution.

a. Hypotonic.
b. Isotonic.
c. Hypertonic

23. Which of the following is NOT a protein type included in the plasma membrane?

a. Transport protein.
b. Lipoprotein.
c. Receptor protein.

24. The microscope that is composed of 2 lenses is called …………..

a. Simple microscope.
a. Electron microscope.
b. Compound microscope.

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
QUESTION TWO
Read the sentence and state whether it is True or False. Correct the False statement.

1. Active transport helps to maintain homeostasis. True

2. The cell membrane controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell. True

3. All cells have a cell membrane and cytoplasm. True

4. Only prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. False

Eukaryotic Cells

5. When concentration is high diffusion occurs more quickly. True

6. When temperature or pressure increase, the rate of diffusion decreases False

increases

7. Most of the molecules in the plasma membrane are proteins. True

8. The maximum magnification without blurring in optical microscopes is 1500X False

1000x

9. Plasma membrane is common in all types of cells. True

10. Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have a nucleus. False

Only eukaryotic cells have nucleus ____________

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
SECTION TWO:
Other questions can be asked during the examination, but the content will remain the same.

QUESTION ONE

Summarize the relationship between water and the plasma membrane by completing the concept map below.

A: water flows into and out of cells B: osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
C: flow through helps maintain balance and homeostasis. D: homeostasis is the maintenance of stable internal
conditions.

QUESTION TWO

Fill in the blank:

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
2. Substances move from areas of high conc. To areas of low conc.
3. The condition of continuous movement but no changes is called dynamic equilibrium
4. Facilitated diffusion depends on transport Proteins
5. Gases move freely through the plasma membrane.
6. The cell bursts when it is put in a hypotonic solution.
7. Most of the molecules in the plasma membrane are phospholipids
8. Cholesterol contributes to the fluidity of the plasma membrane.
9. Phospholipid molecule is composed of Glycerol, phosphate and fatty acid
10. The plasma membrane is composed of Phospholipid bilayer
11. Carbohydrates of the plasma membrane components help the cell to identify chemical signals.
12. The two layers of phospholipids are arranged tail-to-tail

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Biology Revision Pack
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QUESTION THREE

Label the given letters in the diagram:

A: Carbohydrate B: Polar Head C: Phospholipid D: Phospholipid Bilayer E: Non-Polar tails

F: Transport Protein G: Cholesterol

QUESTION FOUR

Answer the following questions.

1. Identify the three principles of the cell theory.

a. Cell is the basic unit of life

b. All living organisms are made of cells.
c. New Cells come from existing cells

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
2. How did Robert Hooke discover cell?

In 1665 Rober Hooke developed a simple microscope and observed cork of an oak tree under it. He saw box like
structures which he named as cells. He recorded all his findings in the book named Micrographia.

3. How does the plasma membrane maintain homeostasis for a cell?

The plasma membrane maintains homeostasis for a cell by being selectively permeable which means it decides
what should move in and out of the cell.

4. Identify the molecules in plasma membrane that provide basic membrane structure, cell identity and

membrane fluidity.

Basic membrane structure is provided by proteins.

Cell identity is done by carbohydrates
Membrane fluidity is maintained by cholesterol

5. What are the advantages of Scanning Tunnelling Electron Microscope (STM)?

a. STM can be used with live specimens.

b. STM creates three-dimensional computer images of objects as small as atoms.

6. Give reason for the statements given below.

a. Facilitated diffusion does not require energy.

Facilitated diffusion does not require energy because the particles are moving from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
b. The maximum magnification of optical microscopes is 1000X.

If the magnification goes beyond 1000x the image will get blurred as the object scatters light.

c. Cells are stained when observed under light microscope.

Scientist stain the cells when using light microscope because cells are thin, tiny and translucent.

Page 9 of 18

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
7. Why plant cells do not burst when kept in hypotonic solution?

The plant cells do not burst in hypotonic solution because of the following reasons:

a. Plant cells have a cell wall that supports them.

b. As the pressure inside the cell increases the vacuole in the center, gets filled with water pushing the cell
membrane towards cell wall, so instead of bursting the cell becomes firm.

8. Explain the structure of phospholipid molecule.

Phospholipid molecule contains head and tail. The head is polar (attracted to water) contains glycerol and
phosphate group. The tail is non-polar (repelled by water) contains two fatty acid chains.

9. Describe various types of proteins found in plasma membrane.

a. Receptor Proteins: Found on outer surface of plasma membrane that transmit signals to inside of the cell.
b. Inner Surface Proteins: Anchor plasma membrane to the inside of the cell, giving the cell its shape.
c. Transport proteins: Contribute to the selective permeability of plasma membrane as they move needed
substances or waste materials through plasma membrane.

10. Explain the three factors that affect the rate of diffusion across cell membrane.

a. Concentration: When concentration is high diffusion occurs more quickly, because there are more
particles to collide with one another.

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
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b. Temperature: When temperature increases, particles move faster, more collisions occur and diffusion
increases.
c. Pressure: When pressure increases the particles are close together, which causes more collisions and
diffusion increases.

11. Discuss how the terms fluid and mosaic describe the plasma membrane.

Fluid Mosaic

The phospholipids can move sideways within the There are different substances like carbohydrates,
membrane, just as apples move in water. Apart from proteins and cholesterol in plasma membrane, a
phospholipids, proteins also move in plasma pattern or mosaic is created on the surface.
membrane.

12. Differentiate between the following terms

Active Transport Passive Transport

1. Does not require energy for the movement of

1. Requires energy for the movement of
molecules.
molecules
2. Particles move from an area of high
2. Particles move from an area of low
concentration to an area of low concentration.
concentration to the area of high
3. It is a slow process
concentration.
4. Carrier proteins are not required.
3. It is a fast process
5. Different types of passive transport are osmosis
4. Carrier proteins are required
and diffusion
5. Different types of active transport are
6. It transports molecules like water, oxygen and
endocytosis and exocytosis.
carbon dioxide
6. It transports large molecules such as
proteins.

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
Channel proteins Carrier Proteins

1. Type of transport protein that opens and closes 1. Type of transport protein that changes shape
to allow substances to diffuse through plasma while moving substances through plasma
membrane membrane.

Hypotonic Solution Isotonic Solution

1.There is more concentration of water outside the cell 1.The concentration of water outside the cell is same
than inside. as inside.
2. The water will move into the cell by osmosis. 2. There is no net movement of water.
3.The cell swells up. 3. The cell retains its normal shape.

13. Define the following terms:

a. Organelles:

Specialized membrane bound structures that carry out specific functions in different parts of a cell.

b. Nucleus:

Structure present in the cell that contains DNA and is known as control centre of the cell.

c. Concentration

The amount of substance in a particular area is called concentration.

d. Dynamic Equilibrium

A condition in which there is continuous random motion of particles but no overall change is called
dynamic equilibrium.

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
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e. Magnification

It is the change in apparent size produced by a microscope

14. Explain how the inside of the cell remains separate from the environment.

The inside of a cell remains separate from its environment due to the plasma membrane. This membrane provides
a protective barrier around the cell and regulates which materials can pass in or out, similar to how the outer layer
of skin separates the body from its surroundings.

15. In what ways materials can move across cell membrane?

Materials can move across the cell by passive transport (osmosis, diffusion), active transport (endocytosis,
exocytosis) facilitated diffusion using transport proteins like channel and carrier proteins.

16.Complete the timeline about the discovery of cell and cell theory.

Scientist Year Discovery

Zaccharius jansen 1590 Invented the first compound microscope.

Robert Hooke 1665 Discovered cell using his simple microscope

Anton VAN leeuwenhoek 1674 Discovered single celled organisms like

bacteria

Schleiden 1838 All plants are made of living cells

Schwann 1839 All animals are made of living cells

Virchow 1855 New cells come from existing cells.

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
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17. Sketch the 5 ways particles move through plasma membrane.

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025

SECTION THREE:
Other questions can be asked during the examination, but the content will remain the same.

Experiment No. 1
Effect of tonicity on cells
Materials required for the experiment.

• knife with cutting board

• Potato
• Ruler
• Scale with weigh boat
• Permanent marker
• 3 test tubes
• Distilled water
• 0.9% saline solution
• 10% saline solution
Steps (Procedure)
1. Using a corer or knife, cut three pieces of potato approximately 5 cm long.
2. Record the original potato weights in the before column. (Hint: Make sure to “zero” out the weight of the
weigh boat.)
3. Label and number three test tubes.
4. Place one potato piece in each tube.
5. Add water to tube 1, 0.9% saline to tube 2, and 10% salt solution to tube 3.
6. Leave potato pieces for 45 minutes.
7. Calculate the weight change (After weight - before weight) and % change.
Observation:
Isotonic Hypotonic Hypertonic

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Conclusion:

Which environment caused the largest increase in potato weight? Why do you think the weight increased?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Which environment caused the largest decrease in potato weight? Why do you think the weight decreased?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Which environment saw little to no change in potato weight? Why do you think the weight stayed the same?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Viva Questions

1. Define osmosis.

2. What is isotonic solution?

3. What will happen to a plant cell or animal cell if placed in an isotonic solution?

4. Name three main factors that affect the rate of diffusion.

5. Name the type of solution in which concentration of solute outside of cell is higher than it is inside.

6. List two types of transport proteins.

7. Name the isotonic solution present in organisms.

8. Define concentration.

9. Which type of cellular transport uses transport proteins?

10. Why plant cells do not burst when they are placed in a hypotonic solution?

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
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Experiment No. 2
Preparing a temporary slide of onion and then comparing it with permanent red blood cell slide.
Materials Required:
Onion, forceps, watch glass, water, dropper, iodine solution, cover slip, filter paper and microscope.
Steps (Procedure): To prepare temporary onion slide
1. Remove a fleshy leaf from the onion bulb.
2. Strip a thin layer with forceps.
3. Place a piece of it in a drop of water on a clean side.
4. With a dropper, add a drop of iodine onto it.
5. Gently cover with a cover slip.
6. Use a piece of filter paper to remove excess liquid from the slide. ...
7. Place the slide on the microscope and observe
Observation:
____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Comparison Between Onion cell and Red Blood Cell after observation under microscope

Onion Cell Red Blood Cell

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 First Periodical
Biology Revision Pack
Grade 9 - 2024/2025
Viva Questions
1. What is a cell?

2. Give one difference between optical microscope and non- optical microscope.

3. Name the scientist who discovered cell?

4. What is the function of plasma membrane?

5. Is onion cell a prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell? Give one reason to support your answer.

6. How is onion cell different from a red blood cell?

7. Name two types of optical microscopes.

8. Name the microscope that can be used to observe live specimens.

9. Who is known as father of microbiology?

10. What observation was made by English scientist Robert Hooke?

*Disclaimer: *This document belongs to DUSK

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