ABSTRACT

This project focuses on the development of an Inventory Management and Order

Fulfillment System, aimed at optimizing the processes involved in managing stock levels,
tracking inventory, and fulfilling customer orders. The system is built using modern web
technologies, including React.js for the front-end, Node.js for the back-end, and SQL Server
as the database management system. The platform provides real-time visibility into inventory
levels, automates order processing, and generates reports for efficient decision-making. Key
features include dynamic stock tracking, order creation and processing, and integration with
third-party logistics services. This system improves operational efficiency, reduces manual
errors, and enhances the overall supply chain by offering a scalable solution for businesses
managing inventory and orders across multiple channels.

A core component of the system is the ability to handle multiple warehouses and stock
locations, allowing businesses to distribute inventory management across different physical
sites. This enables more effective demand planning and inventory optimization, as stock
levels can be monitored and adjusted across multiple nodes in real-time. Additionally, the
system includes features for managing supplier data, reordering thresholds, and product
categorization, making it easier for businesses to maintain an accurate overview of their
supply chain. Order fulfillment is streamlined with real-time order status updates, automated
notifications, and an intuitive dashboard for monitoring order progress.

Incorporating data analytics and reporting capabilities, the system empowers businesses to
generate actionable insights from their inventory and order data. It provides customized
reporting tools to track key performance indicators (KPIs) such as stock turnover, order
processing times, and fulfillment accuracy. The modular design allows for future scalability,
enabling integration with e-commerce platforms, ERP systems, and other third-party
applications. Overall, this system provides a comprehensive, robust solution that can adapt to
the evolving needs of businesses looking to optimize their inventory management and order
fulfillment processes.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my project guide, Dr. Manisha Divate , for
their invaluable guidance, support, and encouragement throughout the development of this
Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment System.

Their expertise and insightful feedback were instrumental in shaping the direction and
success of this project. I truly appreciate the time and effort they invested in reviewing my
work and providing me with the knowledge and skills needed to complete this project.

Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the vast resources and learning opportunities
provided by various online communities and platforms, which played a crucial role in
enhancing my technical abilities. This project was an individual endeavor, and I am grateful
for the support and understanding of my family and friends during the development process.
Their encouragement helped me stay focused and motivated to see the project through to
completion.

1| Page
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled, "Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment
System", completed at MUMBAI, has not been duplicated or submitted to any other
university for the award of any degree. To the best of my knowledge, no one other than
myself has submitted this project to any other institution.
This project is undertaken in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
Bachelor of Science (Information Technology) degree, to be submitted as the final semester
project as part of the curriculum.

SHUBHAM MEWADA

1| Page
 INDEX

Sr. CONTENT Page No.

No
1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction to IMS
1.2 Literature Review
1.3 Problem Statement
1.4 Objective Of the Project
1.5 Features of the project
1.6 Scope of the Application
2 Survey of Technologies
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Frontend Technologies
2.3 Backend Technologies
2.4 Database Management Technologies
3 Requirement & Analysis
3.1 Problem Definition
3.2 Requirement Specification
3.3 Planning & Scheduling
4 System Design
4.1 Basic Modules
4.2 Data Design
4.3 Procedural Design
4.4 Security Issues
4.5 Test-case Design
4.6 ER Diagram
4.7 Class Diagram
4.8 Process Flow Diagram
4.9 DFD Diagram

1| Page
 Chapter 1:
Introduction
1.1 Background
Efficient inventory management and order fulfillment are crucial for businesses, especially in
today’s fast-paced, customer-driven environment. Inventory management involves tracking
and controlling stock levels, ensuring that businesses have the right products in the right
quantities to meet customer demand. Order fulfillment, on the other hand, encompasses the
complete process from receiving an order to delivering the product to the customer.

Traditional methods of managing inventory using spreadsheets or manual record-keeping are

not only time-consuming but also prone to errors, leading to stockouts, overstocking, or
delayed shipments. These inefficiencies can result in dissatisfied customers and lost sales
opportunities. Hence, automating these processes with a robust system is essential for
optimizing operations, reducing errors, and enhancing customer satisfaction.

This project aims to develop an Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment System
that simplifies the processes of stock tracking and order management, while providing real-
time updates and comprehensive reporting tools to assist businesses in making informed
decisions.

1.2 Objectives
The main objectives of the Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment System are:

• To provide a real-time inventory tracking solution that helps manage stock levels
efficiently.
• To automate the order fulfillment process, from order creation to dispatch.
• To minimize manual errors by integrating barcode scanning and real-time stock
updates.
• To generate reports for insights on inventory turnover, order fulfillment times, and
stock forecasting.
• To provide a scalable solution capable of integrating with third-party logistics and e-
commerce platforms.

1.3 Purpose, Scope, and Applicability

1.3.1 Purpose

The purpose of this system is to automate the inventory management and order fulfillment
processes for businesses. By providing a centralized platform to manage inventory and track
orders, this system aims to reduce manual work, minimize errors, and increase efficiency in
handling stock and orders.
 1.3.2 Scope

This project covers the development of a web-based platform that integrates inventory
tracking, order management, and reporting tools. The system will:

• Support real-time inventory updates based on product movements (inbound and

outbound).
• Manage orders from creation to fulfillment, providing status updates at each stage.
• Generate reports for inventory analysis and forecasting to optimize stock levels and
improve decision-making.
• Offer scalability for integration with third-party services like shipping companies and
e-commerce platforms.

1.3.3 Applicability

The system is applicable to businesses of all sizes, especially those managing physical stock
and dealing with a high volume of orders. It can be used by:

• Retailers and wholesalers managing large inventories.

• E-commerce companies that need to track stock levels across multiple channels.
• Distribution and fulfillment centers handling product dispatches for various clients.

1.4 Achievements
Upon completion, the Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment System will achieve
the following:

• Streamlined stock management with real-time updates.

• Automated order processing, reducing the time spent on manual entries.
• Enhanced decision-making capabilities through detailed analytics and reporting.
• Improved customer satisfaction by ensuring timely order fulfillment and accurate
stock availability.

1.5 Organization of Report

This report is structured as follows:

• Chapter 2: Survey of Technologies – Discusses the technologies used in the project.

• Chapter 3: Requirements and Analysis – Defines the problem, requirements, and
planning strategies.
• Chapter 4: System Design – Details the system architecture, including database
design and workflows.
• Chapter 5: Implementation and Testing – Explains the development process, tools
used, and testing methodologies.
• Chapter 6: Results and Discussion – Summarizes the system's outcomes and
performance.
• Chapter 7: Conclusion – Discusses the final thoughts and future enhancements.
 Chapter 2:
Survey of Technologies

2:1 Introduction
This chapter provides an in-depth survey of the technologies relevant to the
development of the Inventory Management and Order Fulfilment System. The
selection of appropriate technologies is critical to the success of the project, as it
directly impacts the system’s functionality, scalability, performance, and overall cost-
effectiveness. This chapter reviews the various software and hardware tools available
for building such a system, with a focus on programming languages, development
frameworks, databases, user interface design tools, and integration technologies.

2.2 Frontend Technologies

When developing the frontend for the Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment
System, selecting the right technologies is essential for ensuring a responsive, user-
friendly, and efficient interface. Below are some of the widely-used frontend
technologies considered for the project:

1. HTML5 (HyperText Markup Language)

● Purpose: The foundational language used to structure and present content on the web.
● Role in the System: HTML5 provides the basic structure of the web pages, ensuring
they are well organized and easily interpreted by browsers. Its advanced features, such
as form controls and media embedding, streamline the creation of interactive
interfaces.
● Advantages: Cross-browser compatibility, multimedia support without plugins, and
ease of integration with other technologies like CSS and JavaScript.

2. CSS3 (Cascading Style Sheets)

● Purpose: Used to control the visual appearance and layout of the web application.
● Role in the System: CSS3 is responsible for the design elements, including the look and
feel of the user interface (UI). It helps in creating responsive designs that adjust to
various screen sizes and devices, ensuring a smooth user experience.
● Advantages: Enables responsive design through media queries, supports animations and
transitions, and allows efficient styling management through reusable classes.
3. JavaScript
● Purpose: The scripting language that enables interactivity and dynamic behavior on web
pages.
● Role in the System: JavaScript powers dynamic elements such as real-time inventory
updates, validation of forms, and interactive order processing features. It also enables
asynchronous operations using AJAX to fetch data from the backend without
reloading the entire page.
● Advantages: Cross-platform support, wide browser compatibility, and rich libraries and
frameworks that enhance functionality and performance.

4. React.js

● Purpose: A powerful JavaScript library for building user interfaces.

● Role in the System: React.js enables the development of a component-based
architecture, allowing the system to be modular and reusable. With React, the user
interface can respond quickly to changes in inventory data, improving the overall user
experience.
● Advantages: Virtual DOM for faster rendering, reusable components, and strong
community support. React is well-suited for scalable, complex web applications that
require frequent updates and high performance.

5. Bootstrap

● Purpose: A popular CSS framework used for developing responsive and mobile-first
web pages.
● Role in the System: Bootstrap simplifies the creation of a consistent and visually
appealing design by providing pre-built components, grid systems, and responsive
layouts. It is especially useful for ensuring the system's interface looks professional
across different devices, including desktops, tablets, and mobile phones.
● Advantages: Reduces development time, offers a variety of customizable UI
components, and ensures consistent design across browsers.

2:3 Backend Technologies:

The MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) is a popular JavaScript-
based technology stack used for developing modern web applications. The backend of
a MERN-based Inventory Management and Order Fulfilment System is built using
Node.js and Express.js, with MongoDB as the database. Below are the core backend
technologies for such a system:

1. Node.js

● Purpose: A runtime environment that allows developers to run JavaScript on the server
side.
●Role in the System: Node.js handles all server-side operations, including processing API
requests, managing business logic, and handling database interactions. As a non-blocking,
event-driven runtime, it is particularly suited for building scalable, real-time applications
such as inventory management systems.
● Advantages: High performance, scalability, and the ability to handle concurrent
requests. Node.js allows developers to use a single language (JavaScript) across both
frontend and backend.

2. Express.js

● Purpose: A lightweight web application framework for Node.js that simplifies the
development of web servers and APIs.
● Role in the System: Express.js is used to build the server-side API that handles HTTP
requests and responses. It provides routing, middleware, and other essential functionalities
for building RESTful APIs that interact with the database and the frontend.
● Advantages: Minimalistic, easy to configure, and fast. It integrates well with Node.js
and simplifies server-side operations like routing, handling HTTP requests, and managing
sessions.

3. MongoDB

● Purpose: A NoSQL, document-based database that stores data in JSON-like format

(BSON).
● Role in the System: MongoDB serves as the primary database for storing inventory
data, order details, user information, and other related records. It’s highly flexible,
allowing for the storage of complex data structures without predefined schemas, which is
ideal for managing dynamic data like product details and customer orders.
● Advantages: Flexible schema design, high scalability, and efficient handling of large
volumes of data. MongoDB’s document model makes it easy to store hierarchical data
such as product details and nested order structures.

4. Mongoose

● Purpose: An Object Data Modeling (ODM) library for MongoDB and Node.js.
● Role in the System: Mongoose provides a schema-based solution for MongoDB,
allowing the backend to define models and enforce data validation rules. It abstracts away
many of the complexities of working directly with MongoDB, making it easier to perform
CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations.
● Advantages: Built-in data validation, middleware support, and schema-based modelling.
Mongoose simplifies working with MongoDB, allowing for cleaner, more maintainable
code.

2.4 Database Management Technologies:

When choosing between MongoDB and MySQL for an inventory management and order
fulfillment system, it's important to consider the specific needs of your application. Here's
a comparison of both technologies in the context of your system: MySQL Advantages:

1. Structured Data: Ideal for applications requiring a well-defined schema and complex
queries. Good for transactions and relational data.
2. ACID Compliance: Supports ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation,
Durability) which ensures reliable transactions.

3. SQL Support: Uses SQL for queries, which can be advantageous if you need to perform
complex joins and queries.

4. Mature Ecosystem: Has extensive documentation, community support, and integration

tools. Use Cases:

● When you need complex queries and transactions.

● When your data model is well-defined and does not change frequently. MongoDB
Advantages:

1. Flexibility:
Schema-less design allows for easy adjustments to data structures. This can be useful if
your inventory or order data is evolving.

2. Scalability:
Designed for horizontal scaling, making it easier to distribute data across multiple
servers.

3. Document-Oriented:
Stores data in JSON-like documents which can be more intuitive for hierarchical data
structures.

4. Aggregation Framework:
Provides powerful tools for aggregating and analyzing data.

Use Cases:
● When you need to handle large volumes of diverse data with flexible schemas.
● When scalability and performance are critical, and you expect your data structure to
evolve
 CHAPTER 3:
REQUIREMENTS & ANALYSIS

3.1: PROBLEM DEFINITION:

In today’s competitive business environment, efficiently managing inventory and fulfilling
orders are critical for companies to maintain customer satisfaction and operational
effectiveness. Many small to medium-sized businesses struggle with outdated or manual
processes that lead to inaccurate inventory tracking, delayed order fulfillment, and difficulty
in generating performance reports. These inefficiencies can cause stockouts, overstocking,
lost sales, and dissatisfied customers. A modern, integrated system is needed to manage these
processes in real-time and ensure smooth operations.

Key Problems:

1. Inventory Mismanagement:

• Manual Tracking: Many businesses still rely on manual or semi-automated

methods (e.g., spreadsheets) to track inventory, which leads to errors in stock
counts and inefficiencies in stock management.
• Lack of Real-Time Data: Without real-time tracking of inventory levels,
businesses may experience stockouts, overstocking, or delayed stock
replenishment, causing disruptions in order fulfillment.
• Inefficient Stock Auditing: Businesses find it hard to audit stock levels
accurately, making it difficult to detect discrepancies in inventory.

2. Delayed and Error-Prone Order Fulfillment:

• Slow Processing: Orders are often processed manually or through fragmented

systems, leading to delays in fulfillment and dispatch.
• Stock Availability Issues: Businesses may accept orders for products that are
out of stock, leading to customer dissatisfaction and canceled orders.
• Poor Order Tracking: Customers and businesses struggle to track orders
effectively, which causes miscommunication and reduces transparency in the
fulfillment process.

3. Lack of Integration Between Inventory and Order Systems:

 • Disconnected Systems: Inventory management and order processing are often
handled by separate systems or departments, leading to inefficiencies and data
inconsistencies.
• Manual Updates: Inventory levels and order statuses must often be manually
updated across systems, increasing the likelihood of errors and missed updates.

4. Inadequate Reporting and Analytics:

• Limited Insights: Businesses lack real-time reports and insights into inventory
levels, sales trends, and order fulfillment performance, making it difficult to
make informed decisions.
• Time-Consuming Report Generation: Generating reports on stock levels,
order statuses, and customer data is often slow and requires significant manual
effort.

5. Customer Dissatisfaction:

• Order Delays: Slow order fulfillment and poor communication lead to

frustrated customers and negatively impact brand reputation.
• Inaccurate Stock Information: Displaying inaccurate stock levels on online
platforms leads to canceled orders and loss of trust from customers.
• Poor Return/Exchange Handling: Ineffective handling of returns and
exchanges can result in financial losses and reduced customer loyalty.

PROPOSED SOLUTION:
To address these issues, a comprehensive Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment
System will be developed. This system will provide real-time inventory tracking, seamless
order processing, integration across all modules, and enhanced reporting features. The goal is
to automate workflows, minimize human error, and improve overall efficiency, enabling
businesses to handle inventory and orders with speed, accuracy, and insight.

The system will feature:

• Real-Time Inventory Management: Automate stock tracking, provide instant

updates, and trigger alerts for low stock.
• Integrated Order Fulfillment: Link inventory availability to order processing to
ensure orders are fulfilled efficiently and accurately.
• Seamless Integration: Connect all key operations, from inventory to order handling
and reporting, within a unified platform.
• Comprehensive Reporting: Generate detailed reports on inventory performance,
sales trends, and order fulfillment for better decision-making.
• Customer-Centric Focus: Enhance customer satisfaction through timely order
updates, better order tracking, and efficient handling of returns and exchanges.
3.2: REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION:

1. Functional Requirements

1.1 User Management

• 1.1.1 User Authentication:

• Users must be able to register, log in, and log out of the system.
• Use secure authentication (e.g., JWT or OAuth) to protect user credentials.
• Role-based access control (Admin, Inventory Manager, Order Manager, etc.).
• 1.1.2 User Profile Management:
• Users should be able to update their profile information.
• Admins should have the ability to manage (create/update/delete) user roles and
permissions.

1.2 Inventory Management

• 1.2.1 Product Management:

• Admins must be able to add, update, and delete products.
• Products should have fields such as name, SKU, description, categories, price,
and supplier details.
• 1.2.2 Stock Management:
• The system must allow updating stock levels for each product.
• Track incoming stock from suppliers and outgoing stock linked to orders.
• Provide real-time stock level visibility for all products.
• Automatic stock threshold alerts for low stock levels.
• 1.2.3 Inventory Auditing:
• Track all stock adjustments (e.g., stock added, removed, or adjusted).
• Generate audit logs to review changes in stock history.

1.3 Order Management

• 1.3.1 Order Creation:

• Customers must be able to place new orders.
• Orders must capture relevant details such as products, quantities, shipping
address, and payment method.
 • The system must ensure sufficient stock is available before order placement.
• 1.3.2 Order Processing:
• Orders must have statuses (e.g., processing, shipped, delivered, canceled).
• Users should be able to update order statuses, and customers should receive
notifications on status changes.
• 1.3.3 Order Tracking:
• Customers must be able to track the status of their orders.
• Admins and managers should view a dashboard of current orders and their
fulfillment progress.

1.4 Customer Management

• 1.4.1 Customer Profile:

• Store customer details such as name, contact information, and purchase
history.
• 1.4.2 Purchase History:
• Customers and admins must be able to view all past orders and their statuses.

1.5 Reporting and Analytics

• 1.5.1 Inventory Reports:

• Generate real-time reports on stock levels, low stock alerts, and stock
movement over time.
• 1.5.2 Sales Reports:
• Provide sales reports with metrics such as revenue, top-selling products, and
sales trends.
• 1.5.3 Order Fulfillment Reports:
• Track fulfillment times, processing efficiency, and order volume statistics.

1.6 Notifications and Alerts

• 1.6.1 Low Stock Alerts:

• Automatically trigger notifications for managers when stock reaches a pre-
defined threshold.
• 1.6.2 Order Status Notifications:
• Notify customers of status changes, such as when an order is shipped or
delivered.

1.7 Integration

• 1.7.1 Payment Gateway Integration:

 • Integrate with external payment gateways for processing payments securely.
• 1.7.2 Shipping API Integration:
• Integrate with third-party shipping APIs to calculate shipping costs and track
shipments.

1.8 Admin Dashboard

• 1.8.1 System Overview:

• Provide an overview of key performance indicators, including total orders,
stock levels, and alerts.
• 1.8.2 User Management:
• Allow admins to create, update, and delete users and assign roles.

1.9 API Gateway

• 1.9.1 Unified API Access:

• Provide a single point of access for all client-side requests to the backend
services.
• 1.9.2 Rate Limiting:
• Implement rate limiting to prevent abuse of the system.

2. Non-Functional Requirements

2.1 Performance

• The system must handle a large volume of simultaneous user requests without
significant delays.
• System response times for critical actions (e.g., updating stock, placing orders) should
not exceed 1 second.

2.2 Scalability

• The system should be able to scale to accommodate growth in the number of users,
inventory items, and orders.
• Both vertical (hardware upgrades) and horizontal (adding more servers) scaling
should be supported.

2.3 Security

• 2.3.1 Data Protection: Ensure sensitive information (e.g., customer details, payment
data) is encrypted both in transit (SSL/TLS) and at rest.
 • 2.3.2 Access Control: Implement role-based access control (RBAC) to prevent
unauthorized access.
• 2.3.3 Auditing and Logging: Keep audit trails for critical actions (e.g., stock
adjustments, order modifications) to ensure traceability.

2.4 Usability

• 2.4.1 User Interface: The user interface must be intuitive and easy to navigate for
users of all technical levels.
• 2.4.2 Mobile Responsiveness: The system should be fully responsive and accessible
on both desktop and mobile devices.

2.5 Reliability and Availability

• The system must achieve at least 99.9% uptime to ensure availability for users.
• Implement backup and recovery mechanisms to prevent data loss in case of system
failures.

2.6 Maintainability

• The system must be modular and maintainable, allowing for easy updates, bug fixes,
and feature additions.

2.7 Compliance

• Ensure the system complies with data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR, CCPA) and
industry standards (e.g., PCI DSS for payment data).

3. Technical Requirements

3.1 Frontend

• Framework: React.js (for building dynamic user interfaces).

• State Management: Redux or Context API for managing application state.
• UI Components: Use a component library (e.g., Material-UI or Bootstrap) for
consistent styling and rapid development.

3.2 Backend

• Framework: Node.js with Express.js (for building REST APIs).

• Database: SQL Server (relational database for handling product, order, and customer
data).
 • Authentication: JWT (for secure authentication).
• Middleware: Use middleware for input validation, error handling, and logging.

3.3 Database

• Schema Design: A relational database design that includes tables for Users, Products,
Stock Levels, Orders, Order Items, Customers, and Transactions.
• Stored Procedures: Use SQL stored procedures for complex data operations (e.g.,
report generation, stock level updates).

3.4 API

• RESTful API: The system must expose RESTful APIs for all CRUD operations
(Create, Read, Update, Delete).
• Documentation: Provide API documentation (e.g., Swagger) for developers to
understand and use the system effectively.

3.5 Hosting and Deployment

• Cloud Hosting: Host the system on a cloud platform (e.g., AWS, Azure) to ensure
scalability and reliability.
• CI/CD Pipeline: Implement continuous integration and deployment for automating
testing and updates.

3.3: PLANNING & SCHEDULING:

3.3.1: OVERVIEW:

Efficient planning and scheduling are essential for the successful development and
deployment of the Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment System. The
development process will be broken down into clear phases, with each phase representing a
critical stage in the project lifecycle. These phases will ensure that the system is completed
within the allotted time while considering resource availability.

3.3.2 PLANNING

The planning phase outlines the sequence of steps required to develop the system. Each step
corresponds to a specific milestone, and deliverables for each phase will be defined to ensure
the project progresses systematically. The project will adopt an Agile iterative model,
allowing for continuous testing and feedback throughout the process.
Phase 1: Requirements Gathering and Research

• Objective: To define the core requirements of the system and explore relevant
technologies.
• Activities:
• Gather system requirements by meeting with stakeholders (inventory
managers, fulfillment teams).
• Research technology stack for both frontend (React.js) and backend (Node.js
with SQL Server).
• Investigate tools and libraries for inventory tracking, real-time updates, and
data visualization (e.g., Chart.js, Material-UI).
• Define the integration points for third-party services (e.g., payment gateways,
shipping APIs).
• Deliverables:
• Complete requirements document and finalized technology stack.

Phase 2: System Design

• Objective: To create a high-level architecture of the system.

• Activities:
• Design database schema for product, order, stock, and user management.
• Create system architecture diagram illustrating how frontend, backend, and
third-party services interact.
• Define the API structure for frontend-backend communication.
• Design wireframes for the user interface (UI) including inventory management
dashboards, order tracking, and reporting tools.
• Deliverables:
• Database schema, API documentation, system architecture diagram, and UI
wireframes.

Phase 3: Frontend and Backend Development

• Objective: Develop the user interface and backend logic.

• Frontend Development:
• Implement interfaces for managing inventory (e.g., add/edit products, view
stock levels).
• Create order management interfaces for placing, updating, and tracking orders.
• Implement data visualization components for generating real-time reports.
• Backend Development:
• Develop RESTful APIs to manage inventory, orders, users, and reporting.
 • Implement order processing logic to ensure stock availability during order
placement.
• Integrate third-party APIs (e.g., payment gateways, shipping services).
• Deliverables:
• Fully functional frontend with real-time updates, API endpoints, and
integration with external services.

Phase 4: Testing and Integration

• Objective: To ensure that all modules are functioning correctly and integrated
seamlessly.
• Activities:
• Perform unit testing on individual modules (e.g., inventory, order
management, reporting).
• Conduct integration testing to verify smooth communication between the
frontend and backend.
• Test real-time stock updates and order status changes.
• Conduct load and performance testing to ensure the system can handle high
volumes of orders and stock adjustments.
• Deliverables:
• Tested and integrated system ready for deployment.

Phase 5: Deployment and Maintenance

• Objective: Deploy the system and ensure ongoing maintenance.

• Activities:
• Deploy the system to a cloud platform (e.g., AWS, Azure).
• Monitor system performance, fix any bugs, and ensure system availability.
• Implement a continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline for
ongoing updates.
• Deliverables:
• Deployed system with monitoring and maintenance strategies in place.
3.3.3 SCHEDULING
The project will be scheduled using a Gantt Chart to track the progress of key tasks and
ensure timely delivery. Dependencies between phases will be marked, and critical paths
will be identified to prioritize tasks that have a direct impact on the project timeline.

3.4 TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES

Software Requirements:

• Frontend: React.js, Material-UI, Chart.js

• Backend: Node.js, Express.js
• Database: SQL Server
• Version Control: Git (GitHub/GitLab)
• Deployment: AWS/Azure, Docker
• Testing Tools: Postman (API testing), Jest (unit tests for React), Mocha (backend unit
testing)
• Security: OAuth2 for user authentication, JWT for session management
 Hardware Requirements:

• Development Machines:
• Intel i5 or higher
• 8 GB RAM or higher
• 256 GB SSD
• Servers:
• Cloud hosting with auto-scaling enabled to manage increasing traffic
• Load balancers for efficient handling of API requests

3.5 PRELIMINARY PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The Inventory Management and Order Fulfillment System will allow businesses to track
stock levels in real-time, process customer orders efficiently, and generate reports on sales
and stock movements. The system will integrate with external services for shipping and
payment processing, providing an end-to-end solution for order fulfillment.

Key Features:

• Inventory Tracking: Real-time stock updates, low-stock alerts, and detailed product
management.
• Order Processing: Seamless integration of inventory with order placement to ensure
accurate stock availability.
• Reports: Generate sales, inventory, and order fulfillment reports.
• Third-Party Integrations: Payment gateways and shipping service APIs.
 CHAPTER 4:

SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 BASIC MODULES

1. User Authentication Module

• Objective: Secure user login and role-based access.

• Details: Utilize OAuth2 or JWT-based authentication for users (Admins,
Employees). Implement role-based access control (RBAC) for managing
access to inventory data and fulfillment operations.

2. Inventory Management Module

• Objective: Manage product inventory, update stock levels, and provide alerts
for low stock.
• Details:
▪ CRUD operations for product information.
▪ Automated stock updates based on order fulfillment.
▪ Low-stock alerts using real-time notification systems.
▪ API integration for supplier reordering (if applicable).

3. Order Fulfillment Module

• Objective: Track and manage customer orders, from order creation to

shipping.
• Details:
▪ Real-time order processing.
▪ Integration with shipping services (UPS, FedEx).
▪ Order status tracking (Processing, Shipped, Delivered).
▪ API integration with marketplaces (if applicable).

4. Product Categorization and Search Module

• Objective: Facilitate product categorization and allow efficient

searching/filtering.
• Details:
▪ Product tagging with multiple attributes (size, color, category).
▪ Advanced search algorithms for filtering by category, stock level,
 price.

5. Reporting Module

• Objective: Generate reports on inventory levels, order fulfillment, and sales

analytics.
• Details:
▪ Reports for stock levels, pending orders, and shipping statuses.
▪ Export formats: CSV, PDF, Excel.

4.2 DATA DESIGN

4.2.1. Schema Design:

• The database should have separate tables for Users, Products, Orders,
Suppliers, and Order Fulfillment.

Example Tables:
• Users Table: UserID, Username, Password, Role, CreatedAt.
• Products Table: ProductID, Name, StockLevel, Category, Price, SupplierID.
• Orders Table: OrderID, CustomerID, OrderDate, Status, TotalAmount.
• OrderItems Table: OrderItemID, OrderID, ProductID, Quantity, Price.
• Suppliers Table: SupplierID, Name, ContactInfo, SupplyLevel.

4.3 PROCEDURAL DESIGN

4.3.1. Order Processing Flow:

• Customer places an order.

• System checks stock availability.
• Reduces inventory count upon confirmation.
• Updates order status as "Processing."
• Generates a shipment order once packed.
• Changes order status to "Shipped" and triggers notification.

4.3.2. Inventory Restock Flow:

• System generates alerts when stock levels fall below the set threshold.
• Automated supplier reorder (if integrated) or manual trigger by admin.
• Stock level updated upon receiving new supply.
 4.4 Security Issues

4.4.1. Access Control:

• Secure login system using OAuth2 or JWT.

• Role-based access to different modules (Admins manage products, Employees
manage orders).

4.4.2. Data Integrity:

• Validation of inputs for product stock, order quantities.

• Secure API communication for orders and suppliers.

4.6. ER DIAGRAM
4.7. CLASS DIAGRAM

4.8 PROCESS FLOWCHART

4.9 DFD DIAGRAM: