Lesson 4a
DATA DIVISION
I. TYPES OF DATA
Variable Data 9 - numeric 9, V – numeric float
X - alphanumeric & special characters
Constant Data A - alphabetic
int sctr=0; 05 SCTR PICTURE 99 VALUE 00.
const int sctr=0;
05 FILLER PICTURE X(18) VALUE “TOTAL SALESMEN: “.
05 FILLER PICTURE X(18) VALUE “TOTAL ACC. SALES: “.
II. DATA ORGANIZATION
1. File
2. Record
3. Data Field
Subdivisions of Data Field
a. group data field – can be further subdivided into smaller unit of data
b. elementary data field – cannot be further subdivided into smaller unit of data
all elementary data field must have a PIC clause
01 REC-IN.
05 AC-IN PIC A.
05 SNO-IN PIC X(3).
05 SNAME-IN.
10 FN PIC X(10).
10 MN PIC X(10).
10 LN PIC X(10).
05 SALES-IN PIC 9(5)V99.
Level Number – signifies the hierarchy of the data or which data belongs to other data
/*Example:
PHILS.
LUZON VISAYAS MINDANAO
REG REG REG REG REG12
1 2 7 8
PROV1 PROV2 PROV3 PROV4 PROV5 PROV6
ON ON ON
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
B1 B2 B4 B5
01 PHILS.
05 LUZON.
10 REG1.
15 PROV1.
20 C1 PIC.
20 C2 PIC.
15 PROV2.
20 C3.
25 B1 PIC.
25 B2 PIC.
10 REG2.
15 PROV3.
20 C4 PIC.
15 PROV4.
20 C5.
25 B4 PIC.
25 B5 PIC.
05 VISAYAS.
10 REG7 PIC.
10 REG8.
15 PROV5 PIC.
15 PROV6 PIC.
05 MINDANAO.
10 REG12 PIC.
III. DATA DIVISION’S CLAUSES
A. The PICTURE Clause
Character Data Types
9 numeric 9, V – numeric float
X alphanumeric with special characters
A alphabetic
05 SCTR PIC 99.
05 AVE PIC 9V99.
05 SNAME1 PIC X(30).
05 SNAME2 PIC A(30).
Other Picture Characters
Input / Temporary storage variables (variables for computation)
V denotes an assumed decimal point – (P position of decimal point)
05 SALES-IN PIC 9(5)V99. 1234575 --- 12,345.75
1000050
0500025
0010075
0000100
S denotes a positive / negative sign
05 SCTR PIC S999. -999 to 999
Output variables
Decimal (.) and Comma (,)
05 SALES-IN PIC 9(5)V99.
MOVE SALES-IN TO SALES-OUT.
05 SALES-OUT PIC 99,999.99. 12,345.75
10,000.50
05,000.25
00,100.75
00,001.00
Z - zero-suppression – used to replace zeros by blanks (Z numeric output data type)
05 SALES-OUT PIC ZZ,ZZ9.99. 12,345.75
10,000.50
5,000.25
100.75
1.00
0.00
05 ASCTR PIC 9(8)V99 VALUE 0.
05 ASCTR-OUT PICTURE 99,999,999.99. or 99,9(3),9(3).99 --- 00,000,001.00
OR 05 ASCTR-OUT PICTURE ZZ,ZZZ,ZZ9.99. --- 1.00
--- 0.00
0 - zero insertion – used to insert zeroes
05 SALES-OUT PIC ZZ,ZZ9.00. 12,345.00
10,000.00
5,000.00
100.00
1.00
0.00
B used to indicate/insert blanks (string only)
05 NAME-IN PIC X(6) VALUE “RACHEL”.
MOVE NAME-IN TO NAME-OUT.
05 NAME-OUT PIC XXBBBX(4)B. “RA CHEL ”
/ used to insert slash
05 DATE-IN PIC X(8) VALUE “09211978”.
MOVE DATE-IN TO DATE-OUT.
05 DATE-OUT PIC XX/XX/XXXX. “09/21/1978”
B. The VALUE Clause
- used to assign a value or an initial value to a data field
Format:
VALUE _initial-value
place immediately after the PICTURE clause
05 NAME-IN PIC X(6) VALUE “RACHEL”.
05 ASCTR PIC 9(7)V99 VALUE 0. ASCTR=0
05 TAC PIC A VALUE ‘_’. TAC = ‘ ‘
05 EOFSW PIC X(3) VALUE “NO ”. EOFSW = ‘NO ‘
C. The FILLER Clause
- generic data name used in DATA DIVISION with respect to data items especially constant strings
05 FILLER PICTURE X(18) VALUE “TOTAL SALESMEN: “.
05 FILLER PICTURE X(18) VALUE “TOTAL ACC. SALES: “.
