CHAPTER 12 READING NOTES
CONNECTING WITH PEERS, A LANGUAGE OF THEIR OWN
Registers – Ways of speaking that fit specific social situations
May include different vocabulary, pronunciation, or word usage
May vary by social class, ethnicity, or natonality
THE SPEAD OF “LIKE”ING: MALLSPEAK
Mallspeak: Minimal and informal over usage of words, like ya’know
Texting Dialouge: Combonation of letters and number shorthand to send messages on a cell phone
TECHNOLOGY AND THE LANGUAGE OF LEADERSHIP
Adult leaders tend to use powerful language, stick to the task, and contribute their own ideas
Young leaders focused on the goals of the group, synthesized the posts of others, and referred to the
group rather than themselves
DIVERSITY IN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT: BILINGUAL EDUCATION
Limited-English Proficient (LEP) – Lower proficiency in English
Often means lower academic achievement
Transition: To English and early as possible
Maintain: Improve native language until English skills are more developed
Students in the maintain learn to read in a second language better because the skills transfer
Psychologists believe students may become Semilingual: Not proficient in either language
Goal is balanced bilingualism and fluency in both languages
PIAGET: FORMAL OPERATIONS
Formal Operations: Developed around age 11-12 “Thinking about thinking” Using more critical thinking
skills to connect things based on similarities that are inferred
Complex system of propositions and deductions to abstract ideas, not just concrete situations
DEDUCTIVE AND INDUCTIVE REASONING
Deducrtive Reasoning: General assumptions to specific
If the first two statements are true then the specific deduction must also be true
Inductive Reasoning: Specific instances to a general conclusion
What I see and experience tells me what is true
HYPOTHETICAL-DEDUCTIVE REASONING
Shift in thinking from what is to what might be
Situations do not need to be experienced to be imagined
Counterfactual: When information is not consistant with what a child knows or beilive
Metacognitive skills: Ignoring what you know not to be true
READONING ABOUT COMBINATIONS
When a number of variables combined Piaget believed that working through these possibilities required
formal operational thinking
REASONING LIKE A SCIENTIST
Piaget believed children who think at a formal level discovered the formula.
Adolescents can deduce the set of best possibilities and imagine ideal worlds
SPONTANEOUS AND SCIENTIFIC THINKING
THESE WILL BE FINISHED AT A LATER TIME, I HAVE HAD FIELD PLACMENT FOR MUSIC ED ALL THIS
WEEK AND HAVENT BEEN ABLE TO FIND THE TIME TO FINISH THEM.
