ST.

JOHN’S PUBLIC SCHOOL – MEDAVAKKAM

CLASS 6 – BODY MOVEMENTS
ANSWER IN ONE WORD OR TWO
1. Our body is capable of performing a wide
variety of simple and complex functions.
2. The earthworm’s body has been made up of
many parts called segments.
3. The tiny hair-like bristles present on the
under surface of the body of the earthworm
are called setae.
4. The muscular foot of an earthworm produces a
shiny, sticky and slippery substance called
mucus.
5. The framework that is present on the body of
the cockroach are called exo-skeleton.
6. The tough elastic part of the vertebrate body
is called cartilage.
7. A long backbone with powerful muscles and
numerous scales on the snake’s body helps
them to slither.
8. Human body contains 206 bones, each playing
a specific role.
9. Bones are the hard-white structures below our
skin that protect our internal organs.
10. The bones and muscles present inside the
human body are called endoskeleton.
11. The ribcage has been made up 12 pairs of ribs.
12. The name of the chest bone that is present in
the human body is called sternum.
13. The human skull consists of 22 bones.
14. Joints are defined as the points at which two
bones are fitted together.
15. Muscles workout in pairs and constitutes
contraction and relaxation process.

VERY SHORT ANSWERS

1. What is locomotion?
The ability of the animals to move from one
place to another is called locomotion.

2. Distinguish between invertebrates and

vertebrates.
Invertebrates – Animals that lack a backbone
are called invertebrates. Example. Cockroach,
Earthworm, Snail.
Vertebrates – Animals that have a backbone
are called vertebrates. Example. Bird, Snake
and Human being.
3. How the movement occur in earthworm?
The earthworm moves by alternate extension
and contraction of the body affected by the
muscles. The minute movable bristles called
setae help in gripping the ground.

4. Define cartilage.
Cartilage is a tremendously strong and flexible
fibrous tissue, and it takes many forms and
serves multiple purposes throughout the body.

5. How will you differentiate bones with

cartilage?
A bone is a hard-connective tissue, while
cartilage is soft connective tissue. Bones form
the skeletal structure of the body, whereas
cartilage is present in nose, ear, ribs, larynx,
and joints and also act as a shock absorber in
these joints.

6. What are the functions of the human

skeleton?
Skeleton system gives support to the body.
It protects the inner organs. Together with
muscles, it gives the body its shape.
7. What are ligaments?
Ligaments are defined as short, tough tissue
that holds the bones in position. Bones are held
together at joints by a ligament.

8. How can we differentiate tarsals from

carpals?
The key difference between tarsal and carpal
bones is that tarsal bones are a cluster of
seven bones present in the foot while carpal
bones are the eight small bones that connect
our hand into the forearm.

9. What is scapula?
Scapula, also called shoulder blade, either of
two large bones of the shoulder girdle in
vertebrates. In humans they are triangular and
lie on the upper back between the levels of the
second and eighth ribs.

10. How does the movement of bones occur in

human?
Bones cannot move on their own. The tough
tissues called tendons that connects bones and
muscles. This allows bones to move and all the
 movements occur at our joints that is between
the two bones.

SHORT ANSWERS
1. Snails have soft muscular body. However, it
can move on rough paths like sharp stones and
thorny bushes.
Though the snails have soft muscular body the
foot of the snail produces shiny, sticky and
slippery substance called mucus which helps
them to reduce the friction between the foot
and the ground and helps them to crawl on the
variety of surfaces.

2. How does the bird’s wings help in the

movement?
Forelimbs are modified into wings for flying.
When wings are moved down and forward the
body is lifted in the air. This is called the
downstroke movement. After every
downstroke the wings are lifted upwards, in
preparation of another downstroke. This
upward movement of wings is called upstroke.
3. What are limbs, bones and joints?
Limbs: The arms or legs of an animal.
Bones: These are the hard-white structures
below our skin that protect our internal
organs. Bones are incapable of bending.
Joints: These are defined as the points at
which two bones are fitted together. These
are the points at which we can rotate and bend
our bodies.

4. How does movement occur in the human body?

Muscles plays very important role in movement.
They are the masses of tough, elastic tissue
that pull our bones when we move. Together,
our bones, muscles, and joints — along with
tendons, ligaments, and cartilage enable us to
do every day physical activities.

5. What is a vertebral column and how it has been

arranged?
The bones protecting the spine are called as
the vertebral column. Cervical area (top 7
vertebrae), Thoracic (next 12), Lumbar
(bottom 5 vertebrae), Sacrum (5 fused or
 stuck together bones) and Coccyx (the tiny bit
at the bottom of the spine).

6. What is rib cage? What is the role of rib cage

in our body?
The enclosing structure formed by the ribs
and the bones to which they are attached is
called ribcage.
Role of rib cage in our body
 Rib cage encloses and protects the heart
and lungs.
 It provides a strong framework onto which
the muscles of the shoulder girdle, chest,
upper abdomen and back can attach.

7. What do you mean by ‘streamlined’ shape?

Streamlined body shape is a shape where head
and tail are smaller than the middle portion of
the body. Such body when travel through a
fluid or gaseous medium overcome the friction
caused by air and water. Example - Body of
fish is streamlined to move easily through
water.
 DETAIL ANSWERS
1. Write a short note on joints.
The place where two or more bones meet
together is called a joint. In our body, two
types of joints are present namely:
movable joints and immovable joints.
Moveable joints: They are further
categorized into slight moveable joints and
freely moveable joints.
 Slight moveable joints – They are also
called as cartilaginous joints. They allow
are present the most vertebrae and
provide support to the body
 Freely moveable joints – They can move
freely and allow variety of movements.
Further classified into 4 types
o Ball and Socket joint – Present in hip
and shoulder region. Allow movement
in all direction.
o Pivot joint – Present in the neck
region. Allow 180-degree movement.
o Sliding joint – Present in ankles and in
wrists. Allow movement from side to
side and as well as backward and
forward.
 o Hinge joint – Present in the knee and
elbow. Allow only backward and
forward movement.
Immoveable joints: They are also called
fixed joints. They do not allow any
movement. Example. Bones of the skull
are joined by immoveable joints.

2. How does the muscular system works? What are

its types?
Half of the weight of the body is made up of muscles.
They are made up of bundle fibres. It works in
contraction and relaxation mechanism. The muscles
work together for a bone to move. Muscles are
attached to a bone by strong fibres called tendons.
The types of muscles are
1. Voluntary muscles – They are controlled by us.
Example. Arm, Neck etc.
2. Involuntary muscles – They work on their own
and they are not dependent.
Example. Movement of food in stomach and
intestine.
3. Cardiac muscles – They pump the blood to all
parts of the body. Example. Muscles of the
heart