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MILITARY

latin vocabulary

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29 views4 pages

MILITARY

latin vocabulary

Uploaded by

ela.faith13
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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School of Classics

Latin Language Support

LATIN VOCAB-BUILDING

TIPS FOR STUDENTS

 Each table provides you with the general meanings of the headwords of a group of synonyms.
Using Perseus, Lewis & Short or the Oxford Latin Dictionary, complete the tables with the meanings
of each synonym, paying attention to the differences in nuance.
 How do three different dictionaries translate the differences between the synonyms?
 Compare the meanings of the words highlighted in yellow.

MILITARY

mīles, -itis, m. soldier; (sometimes collective) soldiery, soldiers

gregārius [-ii, m.]


mercennārius [-ii, m.]

- mīlitāris, -e - pertaining to a soldier, military

bellicus [-a, -um]

- mīlitia, -ae, f. - military service, esp. in phrase "domi militiaeque"

copiae [-arum, f.]

cohors, -tis, f. cohort; (fig.) band, troop


legiō, -ōnis, f. legion; (lit. a choosing)
- lēgātus, -ī, m. - lieutenant (i.e. regularly the second in command); envoy

legātus [-i, m.]


nuntius [-i, m.]
viator [-oris, m.]
cursor [-oris, m.]

arma, -ōrum, n. (pl.) arms (defensive armor); implements of war; implements in general,
tackle
- armō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum - to arm, equip

armis instruo [instrŭis, instruxi, instructum, instrŭĕre]


armis accingor [accingĕris, accinctus sum, accinctu, accingi]
orno [ornas, ornavi, ornatum, ornāre]
omnibus rebus instruo [instrŭis, instruxi, instructum, instrŭĕre]
instruo [instrŭis, instruxi, instructum, instrŭĕre]
orno [ornas, ornavi, ornatum, ornāre]

- tēlum, -ī, n. - missile, weapon; spear, bolt, javelin, etc.

hasta [-ae, f.]


tragula [-ae, f.]
cuspis [-dis, f.]
hastīle [-is, n.]
lancea [-ae, f.]
contus [-i, m.]
gladius, -ī, m. sword (the prose word)

ensis [-is, m.]


mucro [-ōnis, m.]
ferrum [-i, n.]
machaera [-ae f.]

arcus, -ūs, m. bow; arch


- sagitta, -ae, f. - arrow
arx, arcis, f. citadel, castle; summit

oppĭdum [-i, n.]


castellum [-i, n.]

castra, -ōrum, n. (pl.) camp


- castellum, -ī, m. - fort, redoubt; (lit.) little camp
bellum, -ī, n. war; (lit.) contest between two

pugna [-ae, f.]


certamen [-ĭnis, n.]
proelium [-ii, n.]
- impetus, -ūs, m. - charge, attack, rush
pāx, pācis, f. peace

quies [quietis, f.]


tranquillitas [-atis, f.]
sīgnum, -ī, n. sign, mark (in var. senses); (mil.) standard, signal

significātio [-onis, f.]


nota [-ae, f.]
nutus [-us, m.]
signum [-i, n.]
indīcium [-ii, n.]
argumentum [-i, n.]
auspīcium [-ii, n.]

- sīgnificō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum - to indicate by signs, announce

demonstro [dēmonstras, demonstravi, demonstratum,


dēmonstrāre]
denŏto [dēnŏtas, denotavi, denotatum, dēnŏtāre]
indĭco [indĭcas, indicavi, indicatum, indĭcāre]
monstro [monstras, monstravi, monstratum, monstrāre]
ostendo [ostendis, ostendi, ostentum, ostendĕre]
victor, -ōris, m. conqueror

debellator [-oris, m.]


domitor [-oris, m.]
(adj.) superior [-ius]
potitor [-oris, m.]
expugnator [-oris, m.]

- victōria, -ae, f. - victory


- vincō, -ere, vīcī, victum - to conquer, vanquish

debello [dēbellas, debellavi, debellatum, dēbellāre]


devinco [dēvincis, devici, devictum, dēvincĕre]
supĕro [sŭpĕras, superavi, superatum, sŭpĕrāre]
profligo [prōflīgas, profligavi, profligatum, prōflīgāre]
percello [percellis, perculi, perculsum, percellĕre]
frango [frangis, fregi, fractum, frangĕre]
capio [căpis, cepi, captum, căpĕre]
subĭgo [sŭbĭgis, subegi, subactum, sŭbĭgĕre]
armis occŭpo [occŭpas, occupavi, occupatum, occŭpāre]
in ditionem redigo [rĕdĭgis, redegi, redactum, rĕdĭgĕre]
potior [pŏtīris, potitus sum, pŏtīri]
expugno [expugnas, expugnavi, expugnatum, expugnāre]
- vinciō, -īre, vinxī, vinctum [d.] - to bind [d.]

allĭgo [allĭgas, alligavi, alligatum, allĭgāre]


deligo [dēlĭgas, deligavi, deligatum, dēlĭgāre]
devincio [dēvincis, devinxi, devinctum, dēvincīre]
illigo [illĭgas, illigavi, illigatum, illĭgāre]
innecto [innectis, innexui, innexum, innectĕre]
ligo [lĭgas, ligavi, ligatum, lĭgāre]
oblĭgo [oblĭgas, obligavi, obligatum, oblĭgāre]
relĭgo [rĕlĭgas, religavi, religatum, rĕlĭgāre]
revincio [rĕvincis, revinxi, revinctum, rĕvincīre]
sublĭgo [sublĭgas, subligavi, subligatum, sublĭgāre]
vincio [vincis, vinxi, vinctum, vincīre]
destino [destĭnas, destinavi, destinatum, destĭnāre]
necto [nectis, nexi, nexum, nectĕre]
innecto [innectis, innexui, innexum, innectĕre]
teneo [tĕnes, tenui, tentum, tĕnēre]
coniugo [coniŭgas, coniugavi, coniugatum, coniŭgāre]

triumphus, -ī, m. triumph

victoria [-ae, f.]

praeda, -ae, f. booty, prey

manubiae [-arum, f.]


spolia [-orum, n.]

hostis, -is, mf. stranger, foreigner, enemy (public as opp. to "inimicus", a private
enemy)
inimicus [-i, m.]
adversarius [-ii, m.]
(adj.):
adversarius [-a, -um]
aversus [-a, -um]
hostīlis [-e]
infensus [-a, -um]
infestus [-a, -um]
inimīcus [-a, -um]
contrarius [-a, -um]
pugnax [-cis]
alienus [-a, -um]

custōs, -ōdis, mf. guard, watchman

ianĭtor [-oris, m.]


tutor [-oris, m.]

- custōdia, -ae, f. - protection, custody, garrison, etc.

tutēla [-ae, f.]


custodia [-ae, f.]
praesidium [-ii, n.]
munimentum [-i, n.]

praesidium, -ī, n. garrison; protection, guard

tutela [-ae, f.]


auxilium [-ii, n.]

perīculum, -ī, n. danger, peril

pericŭlum [-i, n.]


discrimen [-inis, n.]
auxilium, -ī, n. support, assistance; (pl.) auxiliary forces

ops [opis, f.]


adiutor [-oris, m.]
adiumentum [-i, n.]
auxilium [-ii, n.]
praesidium [-ii, n.]
subsidium [-ii, n.]
Download the free Latin-Near Synonyms Android App at: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?
id=com.apps.kolosowski.synonymum&fbclid=IwAR3hyRixEd77nEcJtgKHgAXxTF86Zh4yoHw4ADJEuEuLum8X
k28zHL4Cg5U&rdid=com.apps.kolosowski.synonymum

This material was put together by Tommaso Spinelli, using the Online Dictionary of Latin Synonyms which he
designed and built in 2017-19, in collaboration with Giacomo Fenzi (
https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/datasets/the-first-online-dictionary-of-latin-nearsynonyms(3cf644e6-
86b8-44d0-a50a-b33c7ca86072).html ). His production of language support materials for the School of
Classics was supervised by Drs Emma Buckley and Alice König and jointly funded by a St Andrews
University Teaching Development Fund (awarded 23.3.18) and McCall MacBain Teaching Prizes (awarded
to Drs Buckley and König, 14.11.16). The headwords used in this file are freely inspired by the handouts
created by Carolus Raeticus (2011) on the basis of the works of Paul B. Diederich (1939) and Gonzalez
Lodge (1922), from which the English translations are freely adapted.

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